Clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer of unknown primary: a multi-center retrospective study.

Background: Patients diagnosed with cancer of unknown primary (CUP) have limited treatment options, resulting in a dismal prognosis. The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in these patients is still unclear.

Methods: We collected the clinical data of these patients retrospectively and multicentrically.

Cholinergic basal forebrain atrophy accelerates cognitive decline via cortical thinning: The moderating role of amyloid-β pathology in preclinical Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Cholinergic basal forebrain (cBF) atrophy is a critical early marker of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). While cBF degeneration is linked to cognitive decline, the role of cortical thinning in this process, especially during the preclinical phase of AD, remains underexplored. Additionally, the impact of amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology on these relationships warrants further examination.

The functional near infrared spectroscopy applications in children with developmental diseases: a review.

This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in pediatric developmental disorders, with a particular emphasis on its potential for clinical translation. fNIRS is a portable and non-invasive brain imaging technique that detects the relative concentration changes of oxyhemoglobin (HbO), deoxyhemoglobin (HbR), and total hemoglobin in the cerebral cortex. These measurements effectively reflect cortical activation, making fNIRS a valuable tool in the field of pediatric neurodevelopmental research.

Role of synergies of Cu/FeO electrocatalyst for nitric oxide reduction to ammonia.

The electrochemical nitric oxide reduction reaction (NORR) is a promising green process for nitric oxide (NO) removal and ammonia (NH) synthesis. Among existing catalysts, copper (Cu) exhibits relatively high activity but is less stable and does not provide enough *H to further increase the NH yield. In this study, a Cu/FeO electrocatalyst with synergistic catalysis was synthesized.

Rationally manipulating molecular planarity to improve molar absorptivity, NIR-II brightness, and photothermal effect for tumor phototheranostics.

The secondary near-infrared region (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) offers a noninvasive and light-controllable treatment option for deep-seated cancers. However, the development of NIR-II photothermal agents (NIR-II PTAs) that possess the desired properties of high molar absorption coefficient (ε), fluorescence quantum yield (QY), and photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) remain a challenge due to the contradiction between radiative and nonradiative processes. Herein, we propose a novel side-chain heteroatom substitution engineering strategy to simultaneously enhance ε, QY, and PCE by modifying the molecular planarity.

bFGF-Chitosan "brain glue" promotes functional recovery after cortical ischemic stroke.

The mammalian brain has an extremely limited ability to regenerate lost neurons and to recover function following ischemic stroke. A biomaterial strategy of slowly-releasing various regeneration-promoting factors to activate endogenous neurogenesis represents a safe and practical neuronal replacement therapy. In this study, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-Chitosan gel is injected into the stroke cavity.

Selenium-Deficient FeSe/FeO Electrocatalyst for Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

Electrocatalytic reduction of NO is a green and sustainable method that not only helps to treat industrial pollutants in wastewater, but also produces valuable chemicals. However, the slow dynamics of the proton-coupled electron transfer process results in a high barrier and low conversion efficiency. In this work, the Se-deficient FeSe/FeO heterojunction was synthesized, which showed excellent electrochemical performance in 0.

Bifuruzan skeleton: developing new high-energy and high-density energetic materials.

Context: High-energy density materials (HEDMs) are integral to modern society and are in high demand. Consequently, the design and synthesis of energetic material molecules have garnered significant research interest. This study focuses on the furazan ring system as a core for developing superior HEDMs.

Ultrafast and Highly Selective Sequestration of Radioactive Barium Ions by a Layered Thiostannate.

As a simulant of hazardous Ra, the simultaneously selective and rapid elimination of radioactive Ba ions from geothermal water is necessary but still challenging. In this paper, we demonstrated the usability of a layered thiostannate with facile synthesis and inexpensive cost, namely, KSnS (KTS-3, = 0.65-1), for the remediation of radioactive Ba in multiple conditions, including sorption isotherm, kinetics, and the influences of competitive inorganic/organic ions, pH values, and dosages.

Research progress of dual-atom site catalysts for photocatalysis.

Dual-atom site catalysts (DASCs) have sparked considerable interest in heterogeneous photocatalysis as they possess the advantages of excellent photoelectronic activity, photostability, and high carrier separation efficiency and mobility. The DASCs involved in these important photocatalytic processes, especially in the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), CO reduction reaction (CORR), N/nitrate reduction, ., have been extensively investigated in the past few years.

Construction of amorphous/crystalline Fe doped CoSe for effective electrocatalytic oxygen evolution.

Herein, amorphous/crystalline Fe-doped CoSe was synthesized (Fe-CoSe/NF), and it exhibited high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. The synergistic effect of the Fe dopant and the amorphous/crystalline structure is conducive to the formation of high valence Co and Fe active sites. Fe-CoSe/NF shows low overpotentials of 269 mV@50 mA cm and 280 mV@100 mA cm.

Recent Progress of Transition Metal Selenides for Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide: From Catalyst Design to Electrolyzers Application.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a highly value-added and environmental-friendly chemical with various applications. The production of HO by electrocatalytic 2e oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has emerged as a promising alternative to the energy-intensive anthraquinone process. High selectivity Catalysts combining with superior activity are critical for the efficient electrosynthesis of HO.

α-Solanine attenuates chondrocyte pyroptosis to improve osteoarthritis via suppressing NF-κB pathway.

α-Solanine has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour properties; however, its efficacy in treating osteoarthritis (OA) remains ambiguous. The study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of α-solanine on OA development in a mouse OA model. The OA mice were subjected to varying concentrations of α-solanine, and various assessments were implemented to assess OA progression.

A New 3D Iodoargentate Hybrid: Structure, Optical/Photoelectric Performance and Theoretical Research.

The explorations of new three-dimensional (3D) microporous metal halides, especially the iodoargentate-based hybrids, and understanding of their structure-activity relationships are still quite essential but full of great challenges. Herein, with the aromatic 4,4'-dpa (4,4'-dpa = 4,4'-dipyridylamine) ligands as the structural directing agents, we solvothermal synthesized and structurally characterized a novel member of microporous iodoargentate family, namely [H-4,4'-dpa]AgI (). Compound possesses a unique and complicated 3D [AgI] anionic architecture that was built up from the unusual hexameric [AgI] secondary building units (SBUs).

Interaction Mechanism Characterized by Bond Performance and Diffusion Performance between TiO@LDO and Asphalt Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation.

In order to study the interaction between composite photocatalytic material TiO@LDO and matrix asphalt, the four-component 12 molecular structure model of 70# matrix asphalt was optimized by using software Materials Studio 2020, and its heterostructure with TiO@LDO composite was modeled. The bonding performance between asphalt and composite photocatalytic material was analyzed by interface energization, and the diffusion performance between asphalt and composite photocatalytic material was analyzed from the perspectives of particle movement and Z-direction density. By changing the temperature and other parameters in the simulation process, the change in bonding strength between TiO@LDO and asphalt was investigated.

Adsorption and Visible Photocatalytic Synergistic Removal of a Cationic Dye with the Composite Material BiVO/MgAl-LDHs.

Adsorption and photocatalysis are effective in removing organic pollutants from wastewater. This study is based on the memory effects of MgAl-layered double hydroxides (MgAl-LDHs) after high-temperature calcination. By introducing bismuth vanadate (BiVO) during the reformation of the layered structure via contact with water, a composite material BiVO/MgAl-LDHs with enhanced adsorption and visible light catalytic performance was synthesized.

Ultrathin MgB nanosheet-modified polypropylene separator for high-efficiency lithium-sulfur batteries.

The separator is an important component in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. However, the conventional polypropylene (PP) separators have the problem of easy shuttling of lithium polysulfide (LiPSs). Herein, ultrathin magnesium boride (MgB) nanosheets were prepared by ultrasonic-assisted exfoliation technology, and were suction-filtered onto a separator to serve as a separator modification layer.

Development and validation of a prediction nomogram for academic burnout among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to screen the potential risk factors for academic burnout among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, develop and validate a predictive tool based on the risk factors for predicting academic burnout.

Design: This article presents a cross-sectional study.

Setting: This study surveyed two high schools in Anhui Province, China.

A semiconductive copper iodobismuthate hybrid: structure, optical properties and photocurrent response.

Pursuits of new types of Pb-free heterometallic halides adequate for photovoltaic applications are still urgent but challenging. In this study, by using -produced [(Me)-(DABCO)] (DABCO = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.

An artificial neural network model based on autophagy-related genes in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is a multisystemic, life-threatening autoimmune disease. Compared to adults, SLE in childhood is more active, can cause multisystem involvement including renal, neurological and hematological, and can cause cumulative damage across systems more rapidly. Autophagy, one of the core functions of cells, is involved in almost every process of the immune response and has been shown to be associated with many autoimmune diseases, being a key factor in the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity.

Optimization of whole-cell vaccines with CpG/αOX40/cGAMP to strengthen the anti-tumor response of CD4 T cells in melanomas.

Methods: In this study, we developed a strategy for the prevention and therapy of melanoma using a whole-cell vaccine combined with a CpG/αOX40/cGAMP triple adjuvant. The CpG/αOX40/cGAMP triple adjuvant was used to co-culture melanoma cells in vitro to induce immunogenic death of tumor cells. The mixture of inactivated tumor cells and the triple drug was an optimized tumor whole-cell vaccine, which was injected subcutaneously into mice for tumor prevention and therapy.

Research Progress on the Role of Vitamin D in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can lead to severe social behavioral difficulties, which mainly manifests as social communication and interaction disorders; narrow interests; and repetitive, stereotyped behaviors. In recent years, the prevalence of ASD has increased annually, and it has evolved from a rare disease to one with a high incidence among childhood developmental disorders. The pathogenesis of ASD is considered to be the interaction of genetic and environmental factors.

Construction and Verification of a Combined Hypoxia and Immune Index for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies in humans. Hypoxia-related genes are now recognized as a reflection of poor prognosis in cancer patients with cancer. Meanwhile, immune-related genes play an important role in the occurrence and progression of ccRCC.

GPR120 agonist ameliorated insulin resistance and improved ovarian function.

GPR120 is implicated in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the role of GPR120 in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). With the adoption of dehydroepiandrosterone, a rat model was established to simulate PCOS in vitro.