Integrin β3 dysregulation impairs megakaryopoiesis and microparticle production via disrupting ROCK-dependent cytoskeletal dynamics.

Background: Megakaryocyte (MK) fragmentation into proplatelets (PPTs) and microparticles (MKMPs) is well established, yet the mechanisms underlying MKMP generation remain unclear.

Objectives: In order to investigate the role of integrin β3 and cytoskeletal dynamics during megakaryopoiesis and explore potential therapeutic targets for thrombocytopenia.

Methods: Proplatelet formation and MKMP release were evaluated both in vivo and in vitro under integrin β3 receptor impaired environment.

Trophic-level accumulation and transfer of legacy and emerging contaminants in marine biota: meta-analysis of mercury, PCBs, microplastics, PFAS, PAHs.

Marine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic pollutants, including plastics, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, oil, and emerging contaminants. This meta-analysis examined the accumulation patterns of five major contaminants-mercury (Hg), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), microplastics, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-in relation to trophic level and lifespan across marine species. Data synthesis revealed distinct differences in bioaccumulation and biomagnification between legacy and emerging contaminants.

A novel acidic polysaccharide from Isatidis Radix: Structural characterization and immunoregulatory effect in zebrafish.

The immune system is the ultimate defense against diseases and its dysregulated homeostasis greatly threatens human health. Natural polysaccharides have a variety of biological activities and show promising applications in immunomodulation. In this study, we characterized the structure of the polysaccharide IRPS-TE-3 from Isatidis Radix using morphological analysis, molecular weight analysis, monosaccharide composition analysis, methylation analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Glycyrrhetinic acid functionalized polyamidoamine dendrimers for targeted gene delivery in liver cancer.

Gene therapy holds significant promise for the treatment of liver cancer. However, the development of safe and efficient gene delivery systems remains a critical challenge. Cationic polymers are widely utilized as gene carriers due to their high transfection efficiency, yet their application is often hindered by cytotoxicity and lack of target specificity.

Hierarchical Structures of Protein-Fiber-Infused Aminoglycan Hydrogels to Promote Myocardial Repair.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is followed by irreversible damage to the myocardium, which eventually evolves into ventricular remodeling and heart failure. An imbalanced inflammatory response after MI can exacerbate myocardial injury. Current strategies to modulate inflammation and thereby improve myocardial tissue repair are limited.

Chemical Profiling of Chixiaodou Danggui San Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry With Data Mining Strategy.

Rationale: Chixiaodou Danggui San (CDS), composed of Vignae semen (VS) and Angelicae sinensis radix (ASR), has been utilized for the treatment of hemorrhoids in China. However, the chemical profiling of CDS remains insufficiently explored. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an accurate and rapid method for the chemical profiling of CDS.

33 Unresolved Questions in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology.

Significant advances in science and engineering often emerge at the intersections of disciplines. Nanoscience and nanotechnology are inherently interdisciplinary, uniting researchers from chemistry, physics, biology, medicine, materials science, and engineering. This convergence has fostered novel ways of thinking and enabled the development of materials, tools, and technologies that have transformed both basic and applied research, as well as how we address critical societal challenges.

The effect of portable air purifiers and cabin air filters on particulate matter and nitrogen oxides concentrations in vehicle cabins.

In this study, portable air filters ranging in size from small desktop units with ∼80 lpm (∼3 CFM) flow rates to large plug-in filters with ∼8500 lpm (∼300 CFM) flow rates were tested to evaluate their performance in reducing particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxide (NO) concentrations (as a sum of NO and NO, or individually) inside vehicle cabins. Aftermarket cabin air filters with various types of carbon trap features were tested to evaluate their performance in reducing NO concentrations inside vehicle cabins. The first goal was to determine the minimum size (in terms of flow rates) for a supplemental portable air purifier to aid the existing cabin air filter such that it enhances air quality without excessive energy consumption or space requirements.

A graph theory-based algorithm for the reduction of atmospheric chemical mechanisms.

The atmospheric chemistry of volatile organic compounds (VOC) has a major influence on atmospheric pollutants and particle formation. Accurate modeling of this chemistry is essential for air quality models. Complete representations of VOC oxidation chemistry are far too large for spatiotemporal simulations of the atmosphere, necessitating reduced mechanisms.

[Common detoxification mechanisms in processing of toxic medicinal herbs of the same genus: a case study of Euphorbia pekinensis, E. ebracteolata, and E. fischeriana].

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) processing is a specialized pharmaceutical technique with the primary objective of reducing the toxicity of medicinal substances. Euphorbia pekinensis, E. ebracteolata, and E.

[Research progress in machine learning in processing and quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces].

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) decoction pieces are a core carrier for the inheritance and innovation of TCM, and their quality and safety are critical to public health and the sustainable development of the industry. Conventional quality control models, while having established a well-developed system through long-term practice, still face challenges such as relatively long inspection cycles, insufficient objectivity in characterizing complex traits, and urgent needs for improving the efficiency of integrating multidimensional quality information when confronted with the dual demands of large-scale production and precision quality control. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, machine learning can deeply analyze multidimensional data of the morphology, spectroscopy, and chemical fingerprints of decoction pieces by constructing high-dimensional feature space analysis models, significantly improving the standardization level and decision-making efficiency of quality evaluation.

Essential Oil-Antibiotics Synergistic Delivery Strategy via Phenylboronic-Acid-Functionalized Liposomes for Targeted Treatment of MRSA Pneumonia.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA)-induced pneumonia has become a major global public health challenge due to its high mortality and drug resistance. Essential oils, derived from plants, offer a promising solution to combat resistance owing to their low cytotoxicity and multitarget antimicrobial properties. This study designed a phenylboronic acid (PBA)-functionalized liposomal codelivery system (P-Lip@CE) to reverse MRSA resistance by synergistically delivering cefazolin sodium (Cefas) and essential oil (EOFAZ).

Turbulent Flow-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Skinned Boron Nitride Heterostructures for Dendrite-Free Potassium Metal Batteries.

Potassium metal batteries are considered as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems. However, their practical development is hindered by the insufficient capacity output and persistent dendritic proliferation at the anode side. Here graphene-skinned hexagonal boron nitride powder is demonstrated synthesized via fluidized bed-chemical vapor deposition, realizing conformal growth of layer-controlled graphene (5-90 layers) over h-BN with atomically coupled heterointerfaces.

Gene augmentation therapy restores vision and preserves photoreceptors in a mouse model of CNGA1-retinitis pigmentosa.

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a leading cause of blindness affecting 2 million people worldwide. Mutations in cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1 (CNGA1) account for 2-8% of autosomal recessive RP with no available treatment. Here we further evaluate our previously developed Cnga1 mouse model.

Correction: Evaluating multiple large language models on orbital diseases.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2025.

Bioisosterism-driven design of orally active, safe, and broad-spectrum biphenyl-DAPY derivatives as highly potent HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

This study aimed to identify ideal pharmaceutical candidates featuring strong anti-HIV-1 activity and desirable drug-like characteristics. Our endeavor involved the implementation of a bioisosterism strategy, leading to the discovery of an assemblage of halogen-containing biphenyl-diarylpyrimidines as potent HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Notably, compound demonstrated exceptional efficacy against both WT HIV-1 (EC = 1.

Cathode Design via Iron-Coordinated Covalent Organic Frameworks Facilitating Four-Electron Transfer to Achieve High-Capacity Aqueous zinc-iodine Batteries.

The variable valence states of iodine(I) render Zn-I batteries an intriguing area of research. However, current Zn-I batteries are mostly based on I/I redox chemistry. Effective strategies for activating the high-voltage I/I redox couple in iodine-based cathode materials remain relatively scarce.

Probing stress and magnetism at high pressures with two-dimensional quantum sensors.

Pressure serves as a fundamental tuning parameter capable of drastically modifying all properties of matter. The advent of diamond anvil cells (DACs) has enabled a compact and tabletop platform for generating extreme pressure conditions in laboratory settings. However, the limited spatial dimensions and ultrahigh pressures within these environments present significant challenges for conventional spectroscopy techniques.

Prognostic and immune microenvironment analysis of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs in human pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Emerging evidence implicates cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumor progression, though their roles in pancreatic cancer remain unexplored. To identify cuproptosis-linked lncRNAs in pancreatic cancer, RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were evaluated.

Genomic and transcriptomic data reveal molecular differences between homologous recombination deficiency subgroups in Chinese ovarian cancer patients.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OV) has the highest mortality rate among gynecological cancers and shows varied responses to chemotherapy combined with PARP inhibitors based on homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) subtypes.

Methods: This study enrolled 143 Chinese OV patients to determine the HRD score grouping threshold using genomic features, dividing patients into HRD-high and HRD-low groups. Multi-omics sequencing was conducted on 70 patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with PARP inhibitors.

In vitro assessment of dermal penetration and skin barrier impairment by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from consumer products.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of synthetic organic compounds that are extensively utilized in consumer products, including cosmetics, personal care products, and textiles. PFASs pose significant risks to both ecological systems and human health, leading to calls for their comprehensive restriction. Skin exposure constitutes one of the pathways through which PFASs enter the human body.

Aptamer-based targeted drug delivery and disease therapy in preclinical and clinical applications.

The advent of precision medicine has created an urgent need for advanced drug-targeting strategies and refined drug delivery systems. Aptamers, characterized by their exceptional affinity and specificity, low molecular weight, negligible immunogenicity, remarkable stability, cost-effectiveness, and structural versatility, are emerging as promising candidates in targeted therapeutics, both in preclinical research and clinical applications. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest advancements in aptamer-based therapeutic strategies, encompassing three key application domains: direct therapeutic agents, targeted ligand engineering, and controlled drug release.

Giant coercivity and enhanced intrinsic anomalous Hall effect at vanishing magnetization in a compensated kagome ferrimagnet.

Ferrimagnets that can be driven to magnetic compensation show promise for use in spintronics as they exhibit a finite anomalous Hall effect at zero magnetic field without having a substantial magnetic moment. Compensated ferrimagnet spintronic devices with both a large anomalous Hall effect and a high coercivity would be simultaneously easy to read and difficult to erase. The kagome ferrimagnet TbMnSn has been reported to host a large intrinsic anomalous Hall effect.