The heterogeneity of cellular metabolism in the tumour microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombus.

Given the growing interest in the metabolic heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumour thrombus (PVTT). This study comprehensively analysed the metabolic heterogeneity of HCC, PVTT, and normal liver samples using multi-omics combinations. A single-cell RNA sequencing dataset encompassing six major cell types was obtained for integrated analysis.

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous high-frequency irreversible electroporation in porcine livers using four electrode needles: A feasibility and safety study.

Background: Malignant liver tumors seriously endanger human health. Among different therapeutic approaches, high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a recently emerging tumor ablation technique. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous H-FIRE using four electrode needles in porcine livers.

Derivation and validation of a preoperative prognostic model for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: The prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains poor even after radical pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). The study aimed to develop and validate a novel preoperative prognostic model to accurately predict the long-term survival of patients with PDAC.

Methods: Patients with PDAC of pancreatic head from Chinese PLA General Hospital were included.

Robotic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter propensity score-matched study.

Background: Pancreatoduodenectomy is the only potentially curative treatment for distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC). In this study, we sought to compare the perioperative and oncological outcomes of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD) and open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD) based on a multicenter propensity score-matched study.

Methods: Consecutive patients with DCC who underwent RPD or OPD from five centers in China between January 2014 and June 2019 were included.

Step-by-step and orderly lowering of the height of inferior vena cava tumor thrombus is the key to robot-assisted thrombectomy for Mayo III/IV tumor thrombus.

Background: The surgical management of Mayo III/IV tumor thrombi is difficult and risky, and robotic surgery is even more difficult. The purpose of this study was to introduce the step-by-step and orderly lowering of the height of inferior vena cava tumor thrombus, which was the core technique of robot operation for Mayo III/IV tumor thrombus.

Method: A total of 18 patients were included in this study.

A novel online calculator to predict recurrence risk in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma after radical pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background: Patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC) are prone to relapse even after radical pancreaticoduodenectomy. In this study, we sought to create an online nomogram calculator to accurately predict the recurrence risk of DCC.

Methods: A total of 184 patients were included.

Characterization of Solid-State Drug Polymorphs and Real-Time Evaluation of Crystallization Process Consistency by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

Herein, we aimed to develop a strategy for evaluating the consistency of pharmaceutically important crystallization processes in real time, focusing on two typical cases of polymorphism. Theoretical analysis using a combination of C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with other polymorphism analysis techniques identified a number of marker signals, the changes of which revealed the presence of two or more structural orientations (lattices and/or molecular conformations) in both cefazolin sodium pentahydrate (α-CEZ-Na) and cephathiamidine (CETD). The proportions of these forms were shown to be batch-dependent and were defined as critical quality attributes (CQAs) to evaluate process consistency.

Compilation of a Near-Infrared Library for Construction of Quantitative Models of Oral Dosage Forms for Amoxicillin and Potassium Clavulanate.

The accuracy of quantitative models for near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is dependent upon calibration samples with concentration variations. Conventional sample-collection methods have shortcomings (especially time-consumption), which creates a "bottleneck" in the application of NIR models for Process Analytical Technology (PAT) control. We undertook a study to solve the problem of sample collection for construction of NIR quantitative models.

Application of Solid-State NMR to Reveal Structural Differences in Cefazolin Sodium Pentahydrate From Different Manufacturing Processes.

Solid-state Nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were combined with theoretical calculation to investigate different crystal packings of α-cefazolin sodium obtained from three different vendors and conformational polymorphism was identified to exist in α-cefazolin sodium. Marginal differences observed among cefazolin sodium pentahydrate 1, 2, and 3 were speculated as being caused by the proportion of conformation .

Advances in rapid drug detection technology.

Spurious/Falsely-labeled/Falsified/Counterfeit (SFFC)drugs have become a major threat to public health, especially in rural areas of developing countries.The goal of this review is to provide an overview of rapid detection technologies for counterfeits recently reported, such as Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Near Infrared Chemical Imaging, Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Fluorescence, X-RayPowder Diffraction, Ion Mobility Spectrometry, Ion MobilityMass Spectrometry,Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry and visual analytical methods The advantages of each of these detection methods are introduced. Examples of characterization of SFFC drugs using the detection technology mentioned are presented.

Rapid Analysis of the Quality of Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium Tablets Using Diffuse Reflectance Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

The cycle-closed dimer of amoxicillin influences its critical quality and is an important impurity in amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium tablets. The quality of the tablets could be rapidly evaluated using the impurity as an indicator. Here, we report a quantitative model to determine the cycle-closed dimer in samples from different manufacturers using diffuse reflectance near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy by partial least squares regression for one y variable (PLS1) and hierarchical cluster analysis.

[Update of near-infrared models for testing ceftazidime, water and arginine in ceftazidime for injection].

Unlabelled: To find a more reasonable index to decide whether the universal quantitative NIR model needs to be updated and to develop a general method to update universal quantitative NIR models, the quantitative models for testing ceftazidime, water and arginine contents in ceftazidime for injection were taken as example. The study was performed by analyzing the similarity between new sample spectra and the training set spectra of the original models. At first, new samples of ceftazidime for injection were divided into five groups by cluster analysis.

Identification of the components of bitespiramycin by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) was used to characterize the components of bitespiramycin, a group of 4"-acylated spiramycins produced by bioengineered strains. In total 38 components were characterized in commercial samples, including 12 impurities that had never been reported before and 12 other that were partially characterized. The structures of these unknown compounds were deduced by comparison of their fragmentation patterns with those of known major components.