Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanovesicles: A Novel Strategy for Targeted Oral Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, the incidence of which continues to rise globally, and existing therapeutic options are limited by low drug bioavailability and systemic side effects. In this study, we systematically investigated the challenges of the special gastrointestinal environment of UC patients for oral drug delivery, such as extreme pH, degradation by digestive enzymes, metabolism of intestinal flora and obstruction of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and summarized the potential of plant-derived Exosome-like Nanovesicles (PELNs) as a novel delivery system. PELNs are produced by plant cells and mainly consist of proteins, RNA, lipids and plant active molecules.

Surgical outcomes from haematoma evacuation for intracerebral haemorrhage in the INTERACT3 study.

Background: There is ongoing controversy as to whether surgical intervention to haematoma evacuation benefits patients with acute intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). This study aimed to evaluate the association of surgical intervention to evacuate the haematoma and 6-month functional outcome in participants of the third Intensive Care Bundle with Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT3).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of INTERACT3, which enrolled adults (age ≥18 years) spontaneous ICH patients within 6 h after onset.

Newly Established Anoikis-Associated Genes Predict the Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Objective: Anoikis is an anchorage-dependent programmed cell death implicated in multiple pathological processes of cancers; however, the prognostic value of anoikis-related genes (ANRGs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Our study aims to develop an ANRGs-based prediction model to improve prognostic assessment in HCC patients.

Methods: The RNA-seq profile was performed to estimate the expression of ANRGs in HCC patients.

Slapping automatism in epileptic seizures: a case series.

Background: Slapping automatism is a type of automatism observed during epileptic seizures, but its underlying electrophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) provides a unique opportunity to investigate the associated cortical areas with epileptiform discharges during the slapping automatism.

Case Report: We report five cases of drug-resistant epilepsy in which SEEG recordings captured slapping automatism.

Combined microcatheter and guidewire technique in endovascular coiling of a wide-neck anterior communicating artery aneurysm: A case report.

Wide-necked anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms pose challenges for endovascular coiling due to the risk of coil protrusion. This case report describes a new endovascular technique for managing ruptured wide-necked ACoA aneurysms, addressing the risk of coil protrusion during embolization. This method employs a combined microcatheter and guidewire-assisted embolization method, enabling coil deployment without needing adjunctive devices such as stents or balloons.

Enhanced SLC2A4 expression mitigates insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus via the FoxO signaling pathway .

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a type of diabetes mellitus occurring in pregnant women, increases the risk of birth trauma. Solute carrier family 2 member 4 (SLC2A4) polymorphism is notably associated with GDM susceptibility; however, the mechanism is unknown. In the present study, HTR-8/SVneo cells were treated with high glucose concentrations and transfected with SLC2A4 and Forkhead box O (FoxO)1 to investigate their roles in the insulin (INS) resistance of GDM trophoblast cells.

Tetramethylpyrazine alleviates acute kidney injury by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway independent of DKK1.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a group of common clinical syndromes characterized by a rapid decline in renal function over a short period of time. At present, the treatment methods are limited, and research is needed to identify drugs that could alleviate renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is a bioactive alkaloid extracted from the Chinese herbal medicine Chuanxiong.

Prognostic Value of Biomarkers in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Comprehensive Review.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a prevalent chronic respiratory disorder characterized by airway inflammation and irreversible airflow limitation. Its marked heterogeneity and complexity pose significant challenges to traditional clinical assessments in terms of prognostic prediction and personalized management. In recent years, the exploration of biomarkers has opened new avenues for the precise evaluation of COPD, particularly through multi-biomarker prediction models and integrative multimodal data strategies, which have substantially improved the accuracy and reliability of prognostic assessments.

Engineered charge adaptive nanoplatform overcomes the drug penetration barriers to potentiate the efficacy of chemotherapy.

Breast cancer continues to present a major clinical hurdle, largely attributable to its aggressive metastatic behavior and the suboptimal efficacy of standard chemotherapeutic regimens. Cisplatin (CDDP) is a representative platinum drug in the treatment of breast cancer, however, its therapeutic application is often constrained by systemic toxicity and the frequent onset of chemoresistance. Here, we introduce a novel charge-adaptive nanoprodrug system, referred to as PP@, engineered to respond to tumor-specific conditions.

US-triggered on-demand NO-releasing biomimetic nanoparticle to Remodel endothelial microenvironment for enhancing atherosclerosis-specific gas therapy.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by endothelial dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, and insufficient resolution of inflammation. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a crucial role in vascular homeostasis by promoting endothelial cell proliferation, maintaining endothelial integrity, suppressing smooth muscle cell hyperplasia, and exerting potent anti-inflammatory effects. However, clinical application of NO is hindered by its short half-life, lack of targeting, and uncontrolled release.

Self-enriching nanozyme with photothermal-cascade amplification for tumor microenvironment-responsive synergistic therapy and enhanced photoacoustic imaging.

Achieving precise intratumoral accumulation and coordinated activation remains a major challenge in nanomedicine. Photothermal therapy (PTT) provides spatiotemporal control, yet its efficacy is hindered by heterogeneous distribution of PTT agents and limited synergy with other modalities. Here, we develop a dual-activation nanoplatform (IrO-P) that integrates exogenous photothermal stimulation with endogenous tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive catalysis for synergistic chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and ferroptosis induction.

Nanotechnology-driven advancements in organ transplantation: Multifaceted strategies for organ preservation, ischemia reperfusion injury, immunomodulation and post-transplant monitoring.

Organ transplantation faces critical challenges, including donor shortages, suboptimal preservation, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), and immune rejection. Nanotechnology offers transformative solutions by leveraging precision-engineered materials to enhance graft viability and outcomes. This review highlights nanomaterials' roles in revolutionizing organ preservation.

Mitigative effects of carboxymethyl chitosan on the deterioration of gliadin tractility in frozen rice dough during frozen storage.

Frozen storage deteriorates the texture and digestibility of frozen rice dough by damaging gliadin structure and starch integrity. This study investigated carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCNa) as cry-oprotectants to mitigate these effects. Comprehensive analysis utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), texture profile analysis (TPA), dynamic contact angle measurement (DCAT21), reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and circular dichroism (CD) demonstrated that 1.

Discovery of novel umami-enhancing peptides in through multi-level virtual screening, multisensory evaluation, electronic tongue, and molecular simulation.

This study utilized integrated sensory-guided, machine learning, and bioinformatics strategies identify umami-enhancing peptides from , investigated their mechanism of umami enhancement, and confirmed their umami-enhancing properties through sensory evaluations and electronic tongue. Three umami-enhancing peptides (APDGLPTGQ, SDDGFQ, and GLGDDL) demonstrated synergistic/additive effects by significantly enhancing umami intensity and duration in monosodium glutamate (MSG). Furthermore, molecular docking showed that these umami-enhancing peptides enhanced both the binding affinity and interaction forces between MSG and the T1R1/T1R3 receptor system, thereby enhancing umami perception.

Research progress on the food preservation effects exploiting the antifungal properties of thymol.

Thymol is a major monoterpene compound from plants. Thymol exhibits antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Over the past few years, extensive research has underscored the pivotal role of thymol in delaying postharvest senescence in fruits and vegetables, suppressing fungal growth in meat products, and enhancing the shelf life of meat and processed foods.

Development of duplex crystal digital PCR (dPCR) assay for detection and differentiation of NDRV and MDRV.

Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV) and Novel duck reovirus (NDRV) are highly infectious diseases of waterfowl, causing significant harm to the global poultry industry. Early detection and diagnosis of NDRV and MDRV in clinical samples are crucial for effectively preventing and controlling these diseases. This study developed a duplex crystal digital PCR (dPCR) assay for the differential detection of NDRV and MDRV.

Development of a TaqMan probe-based dual real time PCR assay for the identification of NADC34-like PRRSV.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an RNA virus that induces reproductive disorders in sows and respiratory diseases in growing pigs. Recently, the NADC34-like strain of PRRSV has become more prevalent, with outbreaks occurring across pig farms in China. However, a reliable diagnostic method for the clinical detection of this strain has been absent.

Heterogeneity in susceptibility of viruses with different structures to various reactive oxygen species: Kinetics and biological mechanisms.

Waterborne viruses have caused outbreaks of related diseases and threaten human health, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), as clean and efficient technologies, have received widespread attention for their excellent performance in inactivating viruses. However, heterogeneity in susceptibility of structurally distinct viruses to various reactive oxygen species (ROS) is unclear. This study first measured the heterogeneity in inactivation kinetics and biological mechanisms of four typical viral surrogates (MS2, phi6, phix174, and T4) to various ROS by visible light catalysis.

Differential impact of biologically effective dose in distal versus proximal gamma knife targets for trigeminal neuralgia.

We report the results of a long-term follow-up series in our center to verify the impact of biologically effective dose (BED) on the efficacy and safety of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) in the treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia (TN). A total of 138 consecutive cases of primary TN receiving GKS were included. A 4-mm collimator was used for all cases, and a median central dose of 85 Gy (range 70-90 Gy) was prescribed.

Coexistence of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency type A/B and Arnold-Chiari malformation: a novel case report.

Background: Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) type A/B, a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the SMPD1 gene, presents with variable visceral and neurological manifestations. Arnold-Chiari malformation is a structural defect of the cerebellum and brainstem with distinct pathogenesis and clinical course. To our knowledge, the coexistence of these two conditions has not been previously reported.

Case Report: Sequential treatment with rituximab and belimumab in a pediatric patient of type 1 diabetes mellitus complicated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are both autoimmune diseases influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors, but rarely coexist. This case describes a 13-year-old girl with early onset of T1DM who was diagnosed with SLE 12 years later, highlighting diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, particularly in distinguishing kidney involvement and management without exacerbating hyperglycemia. The patient presented with edema of the eyelids and lower limbs.

A pediatric case of anti-GABAR encephalitis: case report and literature review.

Background And Objective: This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of anti-GABAR encephalitis in pediatric patients. Due to its rarity and diagnostic challenges in children, we compare clinical features between adult and pediatric cases.

Materials And Methods: Using the key words "anti-GABAR encephalitis, children, autoimmune encephalitis, limbic encephalitis", we conduct a comprehensive literature review of all studies related to anti-GABAR encephalitis published from January 2010 to January 2024.

Bibliometric Analysis of Research Articles on Embedded Internet of Health Things (IoHT) Fall Detection in the Elderly Published from 2006 to 2025.

Background: Falls are a major cause of injury and death among the elderly, highlighting the need for effective and real-time detection systems. Embedded Internet of Health Things (IoHT) technologies integrating sensors, microcontrollers, and communication modules offer continuous monitoring and rapid response. However, the research landscape remains fragmented, and no comprehensive bibliometric review has been conducted.

How Media Reports on Medical Violence Erode Clinician Trust in Patients.

Background: Violence against doctors is a common worldwide problem. Such risk events, due to the further exaggeration by media reports, trigger collective anxiety among medical staff. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), this study reveals how media portrayals erode clinician trust through amplified risk perception.

Correlation between the body roundness index and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, with abdominal fat, particularly visceral fat, closely associated with its onset and progression. While the lipid accumulation product (LAP) has been linked to COPD risk, it is not sufficient to fully reflect the level of visceral fat. In contrast, the body roundness index (BRI), a more accurate measure of abdominal fat distribution, has not been fully explored in relation to COPD.