Effects of Liver Enzyme Levels During Pregnancy on Birth Weight.

Objectives: To investigate the association between maternal liver enzyme concentrations during pregnancy and the risk of abnormal birth weight.

Methods: This is a prospective birth cohort study querying the pregnant women from Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, affiliated with Fujian Medical University, China. Liver enzyme levels, including gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), were measured in the first and third trimesters, and changes in liver enzyme levels were calculated based on these measurements.

Fermentation of Asparagus cochinchinensis extracts with endophytic Aspergillus aculeatus TD103 enhanced their photo-protective effects against UVB radiation.

Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation severely damages human skin by causing DNA damage, oxidative stress, and collagen degradation. This study explored the photoprotective properties of Asparagus cochinchinensis extracts fermented with endophytic fungus Aspergillus aculeatus TD103. Compared to the unfermented control, TD103-fermented A.

Associations between season of conception and maternal and perinatal health: a prospective birth cohort study.

Background: Global maternal health progress stagnated during the Sustainable Development Goal era, while the impact of meteorological conditions on maternal-infant outcomes remains contentious. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the season of conception and adverse perinatal outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study, collecting basic demographic characteristics of pregnant women and estimating the season of conception based on the date of the last menstrual period.

Chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol aerogels with improved structure for thermal insulation and noise reduction.

As modern industry continues to advance, noise pollution is becoming increasingly severe, posing a significant threat to the global economy and human health. Given their porous structure and lightweight properties, aerogels exhibit substantial potential in the field of acoustics. Concurrently, the use of environmentally-friendly, biodegradable materials such as chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) not only helps address environmental challenges but also contributes to reducing pollution.

First trimester metabolic syndrome insulin resistance index and offspring congenital heart disease risk: The mediating role of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: The purpose of this research was to investigate the association between the first trimester metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) index and offspring congenital heart disease (CHD), and to pay special attention to the mediating role of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: A total of 21,401 women without pre-existing diabetes were enrolled in a prospective birth cohort study conducted in China. The participants were categorized into four groups based on their METS-IR index scores.

Masked Channel Modeling Enables Vision Transformers to Learn Better Semantics.

Leveraging the ability of Vision Transformers (ViTs) to model contextual information across spatial patches, Masked Image Modeling (MIM) has emerged as a successful pre-training paradigm for visual representation learning by masking parts of the input and reconstructing the original image. However, this characteristic of ViTs has led many existing MIM methods to focus primarily on spatial patch reconstruction, overlooking the importance of semantic continuity in the channel dimension. Therefore, we propose a novel Masked Channel Modeling (MCM) pre-training paradigm, which reconstructs masked channel features using the contextual information from unmasked channels, thereby enhancing the model's understanding of images from the perspective of channel semantic continuity.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation on Orientation-Dependent Mechanical Behaviors of ZnO Single Crystals Under Nanoindentation.

The present study aims to investigate the orientation-dependent mechanical behaviors of ZnO single crystals under nanoindentation by molecular dynamics simulation. The load-indentation depth curves, atomic displacement, shear strain and dislocations for the c-plane, m-plane and a-plane ZnO single crystals were analyzed in detail. The simulation results showed that the elastic deformation stage of the loading curves for the three oriented ZnO single crystals can be described well by the Herz elastic contact model.

Estimates of global, regional, and national incidence of Hodgkin lymphoma attributable to Human Immunodeficiency virus: A population attributable modeling study.

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is one of the prevalent non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related tumors in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). This study investigates the risk of HL among PLWH and the global incidence of HL associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the association between HIV infection and HL, utilizing HIV prevalence data from Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS and pooled relative risk (RR) to calculate the population attributable fraction.

ODC-Driven Polyamines Synthesis Sustains the Self-Renewal of Glioblastoma Stem Cells and Drives Tumor Aggressiveness.

Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are crucial drivers of tumor progression and therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), yet the molecular mechanisms maintaining their self-renewal remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify a critical role for polyamine metabolism in GSCs maintenance. We show that GSCs exhibit elevated polyamine levels compared to non-stem tumor cells, attributed to enhanced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) expression.

CircIDH2 Modulates Porcine Adipogenesis via the miR-193a-5p/4 Axis: Implications for ceRNA-Mediated Regulation of Fat Deposition.

Adipose tissue development plays a critical role in determining carcass quality and meat production efficiency in swine; however, the regulatory mechanisms governing fat deposition remain incompletely understood. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), characterized by high stability and resistance to RNase R degradation, have emerged as important epigenetic regulators of livestock traits. This study investigated the regulatory role of circIDH2 in adipogenic differentiation of porcine preadipocytes and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Chemotherapeutic drug-triggered AEP-cleaved G3BP1 orchestrates stress granules/nucleoli/mitochondria in osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary bone sarcomas with high recurrence and poor prognosis. Emerging evidence indicates that membraneless organelles stress granules (SGs), whose assemblies are driven by scaffold protein G3BP1, are extensively involved in tumor, especially in OS. However, how SGs behave and communicate with organelles, particularly nucleoli and mitochondria, during drug challenges remain unknown.

Systems pharmacology-based optimization of Ma Xing Shi Gan components for the enhanced treatment of chick health issues caused by infectious bronchitis virus.

Introduction: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) imposes severe economic burdens on the poultry industry, and current treatments face challenges in efficacy and sustainability, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic strategies. To address this, this study employed the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform (TCMICS) to collect clinical prescriptions for IBV treatment, based on which two optimized versions of the traditional Chinese medicine Maxing Shigan Decoction (MXSG), namely MXSG-mix1 and MXSG-mix2, were designed. In vitro cell culture and in vivo chicken model experiments were then carried out, including egg testing, clinical symptom observation, immune function analysis, and viral load quantification, to assess the antiviral activity of the optimized formulations.

Recent advances in injectable hydrogels for osteoarthritis treatments.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage degradation, synovial inflammation, and subchondral bone alterations, poses significant challenges due to its high prevalence and associated disability. Injectable hydrogels have emerged as promising candidates for OA treatment due to their ability to deliver bioactive molecules directly to the affected joint, enhancing local efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. This review focuses on recent advances in injectable hydrogels for OA treatment, emphasizing their structural design, functional properties, and therapeutic applications.

Systemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers combined with the CRP-albumin-lymphocyte index predict surgical site infection following posterior lumbar spinal fusion: a retrospective study using machine learning.

Objectives: Emerging systemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers demonstrate potential for predicting postoperative complications. This study develops machine learning models to assess the combined predictive value of Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation (AISI), Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), CRP-Albumin-Lymphocyte (CALLY) index and Subcutaneous Lumbar Spine Index (SLSI) for surgical site infection (SSI) following posterior lumbar spinal fusion.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 2,921 patients undergoing posterior lumbar spinal fusion at two tertiary hospitals in Guangxi (August 2017-January 2025).

Novel Diaryl-Substituted Pyrazolo[3,4-]pyrimidines as Tubulin/CDC5L Dual-Targeting Ligands: Discovery, Potent Antitumor Activity, and Good Metabolic Stability.

Tubulin and cell division cycle 5-like (CDC5L) protein are both implicated in various biological processes, particularly in mitosis, and represent promising targets for developing antitumor agents. Herein, a series of novel diaryl-substituted pyrazolo[3,4-]pyrimidines were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activities against multiple cancer cells, including drug-resistant ones. Among these, compounds and demonstrated potent antitumor activity with relatively low cytotoxicity toward normal cells.

Bidirectional Thermochromic Hydrogel with Wide Response Temperature Regulation for Smart Windows.

Thermochromic smart windows have been extensively investigated for solar regulation and building energy management to reduce building energy consumption. However, most current smart windows respond to only a single fixed temperature, failing to meet both energy-saving and privacy needs. To overcome this limitation, a series of composite hydrogels (KNSG) with bidirectional temperature-responsive properties were developed by introducing sodium dodecyl sulfate/sodium chloride (SDS/NaCl) micelles and κ-carrageenan (KCA) into a poly(-isopropylacrylamide/glycerol (PNIPAM/Gl) matrix.

Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase protects against acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure via BACH1-SCD1-oleic acid axis.

Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI) is a leading cause of acute liver failure, with limited preventive or therapeutic options. The role of betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), a key enzyme in the methionine cycle, remains unclear. We found that BHMT, primarily expressed in hepatocytes, showed reduced expression in the liver but elevated serum levels in the APAP-induced liver injury (AILI) mouse model.

Protocol for mapping 2'-O-methylation using nanopore direct RNA-seq data with NanoNm.

2'-O-methylation (Nm) is pivotal in rRNA and the internal site of mRNA. Here, we present an integrated bioinformatics protocol for the identification of 2'-O-methylation using nanopore direct RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data. We describe steps for software installation, data collection, and training the machine learning model.

Pericyte loss: a key factor inducing brain Aβ40 accumulation and neuronal degeneration in cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a cerebral small vessel disease common among the elderly. Pericyte loss is one of the earliest characteristics of CAA. Although pericyte loss correlates with neuronal loss, the molecular mechanisms by which pericyte loss contributes to neurodegeneration and CAA progression remain poorly understood.

Evaluating risk factors for surgical site infections following open reduction and internal fixation surgery for ankle fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Ankle fractures are common injuries requiring surgical intervention, specifically open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), which carries a risk of surgical site infections (SSIs). Identifying and understanding the risk factors associated with SSIs in these patients is crucial for improving surgical outcomes and patient care.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Ginsenoside Rg3 Adjunctively Increases the Efficacy of Gefitinib Against NSCLC by Regulating EGFR Copy Number.

: Lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality of all tumors, and the development of TKI drugs targeting EGFR activating mutations has brought lung cancer treatment into the targeted era. In view of their low efficacy and susceptibility to drug resistance, there is an urgent need to find strategies to increase their efficacy and reduce the incidence of drug resistance. : In this study, we examined the distribution and probability of EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer patients in the cBioPortal database and compared the survival prognosis of patients with normal and abnormal EGFR, NSCLC patients treated with and without TKI, and NSCLC patients with different EGFR gene copy numbers.

Binuclear Metal-Based Covalent Organic Framework Mimicking Metallohydrolases for Direct Photoreforming of PET Plastic.

Direct photoreforming of waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) plastic into high-value-added chemicals is a promising method that improves resource utilization. However, the traditional method for PET depolymerization was mostly harsh alkali pretreatment (C = 5-10 M), which largely impeded direct reforming due to the diversity of the conditions and thus caused inefficiency and discontinuity for plastic upgrading. Binuclear metallohydrolases have been proven to cause maximal acceleration of hydrolytic processes via the proximity effect under mild conditions but are unable to realize further reforming reaction due to monofunctionality.