Asymmetric (4 + 2) Cyclization of γ-Substituted Propargyl Carboxylates with -Quinone Methides Catalyzed by Chiral Tertiary Phosphine.

An enantioselective (4 + 2) cycloaddition reaction of γ-aryl-substituted alkynyl carboxylates with -quinone methides (-QMs) was developed for the first time in the catalysis of (,)-DIPAMP. A series of chiral 4H-chromenes derivatives were available in good yields (62%-89% yield) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96% enantiomeric excess). Those obtained products could be further transformed to other derivatives.

Tightly self-trapped modes and vortices in three-dimensional bosonic condensates with electromagnetically induced gravity.

The 1/r long-range interaction, induced by laser illumination, offers a mechanism for the implementation of stable self-trapping in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in the three-dimensional free space. Using the variational approximation and numerical solutions, we find that self-trapped states in this setting, with attractive nonlocal and repulsive local interactions, resemble tightly bound compactons. However, these are not true compactons but rather tightly self-trapped modes (TSTMs), with small-amplitude nonvanishing tails.

Prevalence and Predictors of Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Lung Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To investigate the potential factors contributing to chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in elderly lung cancer patients and to offer insights for the creation of an intervention program aimed at enhancing the cognitive abilities of this vulnerable population.

Methods: Three hundred thirty-eight lung cancer patients from the departments of respiratory medicine, oncology, and thoracic surgery of two tertiary-level hospitals in Chongqing from July 2023 to July 2024 were selected for the study via convenience sampling. A self-designed General and Disease-Related Information Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Cognitive Function (Fact-Cog) were utilized for the questionnaire survey.

Explainable machine learning for the assessment of donor grafts in liver transplantation.

Background And Aim: The shortage of liver grafts compared to recipients necessitates precise organ assessment. This study aimed to develop a Machine learning (ML) model to predict postoperative delayed graft function (DGF) and visualize the decision-making process for clinical application.

Method: Data from 5242 donor-recipient pairs who underwent liver transplantation (LT) at the top 10 liver transplant centers in China (January 2017 to December 2022) were collected.

Transient Expression of Hen Egg White Lysozyme (EWL) in Influences Plant Pathogen Infection.

Lysozyme is an enzyme that hydrolyzes bacterial cell walls, which is functional for destroying the integrity of bacteria, enhancing the activity of immune cells, participating in immune signal transmission, helping to maintain the micro-ecological balance of the gastrointestinal tract, etc. Egg white lysozyme (EWL), as one of the typical representatives of lysozyme, is the most widely used enzyme in production so far, and is also one of the most complex structures of lysozyme. EWL also helps protect plants from fungal and bacterial diseases.

Synthesis of core/shell cobalt-doped rutile TiO nanorods for MB degradation under visible light.

Although TiO has been widely applied in many fields, the design and preparation of one-dimensional rutile TiO nanomaterials for high-efficiency photocatalysis under visible light remain challenging. Herein, uniform Co-doped rutile TiO nanorods with selective adsorption and photocatalytic activity for methylene blue (MB) have been developed a one-pot molten salt flux method. Compared to pure rutile TiO nanorods, the Co-doped rutile TiO nanorods exhibited an obvious core/shell structure with smaller inner crystal face spacing ( = 0.

Multifunctional hydrogel dressing composed of trichosanthes polysaccharide and carboxymethyl chitosan accelerates cachectic wound healing and reduces scar hyperplasia.

Cancer cachexia affects up to 80 % of advanced cancer patients and contributes to significant mortality. Impaired wound healing in cachectic patients limits physical activity, leads to nutrient loss, and increases infection risk. This study develops multifunctional hydrogels composed of oxidized polysaccharides (TPS) from Radix Trichosanthis and carboxymethyl chitosan (termed CMOT) to enhance wound healing and mitigate scar hyperplasia.

Loss of OBSCN expression promotes bladder cancer progression but enhances the efficacy of PD-L1 inhibitors.

Background: As the objective overall response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is less than 30% in late stage or metastatic bladder cancer (BLCA), elucidating the intrinsic mechanisms of immune evasion is of great importance for the discovery of predictive and prognostic biomarkers and the exploration of novel targets for intervention. Recent studies have shown that OBSCN and the cytoskeletal protein it encodes, obscurin, play an important role in tumour progression. However, no studies have reported the role of OBSCN in BLCA.

Lactate accumulation drives hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through facilitating tumor-derived exosome biogenesis by Rab7A lactylation.

Previous studies have demonstrated that lactate accumulation, a common hallmark for metabolic deprivation in solid tumors, could actively drive tumor invasion and metastasis. However, whether lactate influences the biogenesis of tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs), the prerequisite for distant metastasis formation, remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that extracellular lactate, after taken up by tumor cells via lactate transporter MCT1, drove the release of TDE mainly through facilitating multivesicular body (MVB) trafficking towards plasma membrane instead of lysosome.

Associations between postoperative pulmonary interventions based on enhanced recovery programs and outcomes in patients with lung cancer: A retrospective propensity score matching study.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of postoperative pulmonary interventions based on enhanced recovery programs (PPIE) on patients undergoing lung cancer surgery using a retrospective propensity score matching (PSM).

Methods: The non-PPIE group only received the enhanced recovery programs, while the PPIE group received additional postoperative pulmonary interventions, including the active cycle of breathing techniques, oscillatory positive expiratory pressure therapy, incentive spirometry training, and early mobilization, conducted by nurses.

Results: 656 patients with lung cancer were identified from January 2020 to December 2022.

Stable quantum droplets with high-order vorticity in zero-order Bessel lattice.

A theoretical framework is presented to investigate the stability of novel two-dimensional quantum droplets within zeroth-order Bessel lattices. The evolution of quantum droplets is studied by the Gross-Pitaevskii equations with Lee-Huang-Yang corrections. The circular groove structure inherent in the zeroth-order Bessel lattice potential facilitates the formation of distinct configurations, including stable zero-vorticity annular quantum droplets and annular quantum droplets featuring embedded vorticity.

Integrated Mendelian randomization and single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses identified OAS1 as a novel therapeutic target for erectile dysfunction via targeting fibroblasts.

Clinically, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) remain the first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction (ED) patients; however, approximately 35% of these patients are still failing to respond to the therapeutic effects. So, urgent needs are required to identify novel therapeutic targets for ED. Hence, in this report, it was the first time for us to integrate single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-Seq), mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), and protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data to find new treatment targets for ED.

Prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostate cancer: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study and clinical implications for these patients' populations.

Background: No authoritative books or guidelines are currently available for revealing the interrelationships of prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate cancer (PCa). Moreover, no consensus on this issue has been reached among previously published epidemiological studies or meta-analyses.

Purpose: We first took advantage of Mendelian randomization to clarify this issue and provide clinical implications for these patients' populations.

Chinese guidelines for minimally invasive donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (2024 edition).

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

GNLY as A Novel Cis-eQTL and Cis-pQTL Mediated Susceptibility Gene in Suppressing Prostatitis. Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Prostatitis is characterized by high prevalence, low cure rates, and frequent recurrences, and remains one of the most clinically challenging problems. Hence, in this article, we first integrated Mendelian randomization (MR) with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data to identify novel therapeutic targets and their potential metabolic mechanisms for prostatitis.

Methods: Prostatitis-related genetic data, eQTLs, pQTLs, and 1400 metabolites were downloaded from online databases.

Factors influencing economic toxicity and coping strategies in lung cancer patients: A scoping review.

Objective: A scoping review aims to identify the factors that contribute to economic challenges for lung cancer patients, as well as effective responses to these challenges. This review will help in identifying lung cancer patients at risk of financial difficulties, shaping health policies, and allocating healthcare resources effectively.

Data Sources: This review includes both published and unpublished empirical studies.

Cross-species metabolomic profiling reveals phosphocholine-mediated liver protection from cold and ischemia/reperfusion.

Cold and ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-associated injuries are seemingly inevitable during liver transplantation and hepatectomy. Because Syrian hamsters demonstrate intrinsic tolerance to transplantation-like stimuli, cross-species comparative metabolomic analyses were conducted with hamster, rat, and donor liver samples to seek hepatic cold and IR-adaptive mechanisms. Lower hepatic phosphocholine contents were found in recipients with early graft-dysfunction and with virus-caused cirrhosis or high model for end-stage liver disease scores (≥30).

Insulin-related traits and prostate cancer: A Mendelian randomization study.

Investigating the causal relationship between insulin secretion and prostate cancer (PCa) development is challenging due to the multifactorial nature of PCa, which complicates the isolation of the specific impact of insulin-related factors. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the associations between insulin secretion-related traits and PCa. We used 36, 60, 56, 23, 48, and 49 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables for fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity, proinsulin, and proinsulin in nondiabetic individuals, individuals with diabetes, and individuals receiving exogenous insulin, respectively.

A new fossil species of Selkirk associated with leaves from the Upper Pliocene of southwestern China.

Fossil epifoliar fungi are valuable indicators of paleoenvironment and paleoecology. The Meliolaceae, members of which typically inhabit the surface of living plants as biotrophs or pathogens, is one of the largest groups of epifoliar fungi. In this study, we report a novel fossil species of Selkirk (fossil Meliolaceae), , on the lower epidermis of compressed fossil (Hamamelidaceae) leaves from the Upper Pliocene Mangbang Formation of Tengchong, Yunnan, southwestern China.

FTO deficiency in older livers exacerbates ferroptosis during ischaemia/reperfusion injury by upregulating ACSL4 and TFRC.

Older livers are more prone to hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI), which severely limits their utilization in liver transplantation. The potential mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate older livers exhibit increased ferroptosis during HIRI.

GDSL Lipase Gene Negatively Regulates Heat Tolerance in Rice Seedlings by Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation.

High temperature is a significant environmental stress that limits plant growth and agricultural productivity. GDSL lipase is a hydrolytic enzyme with a conserved GDSL sequence at the N-terminus, which has various biological functions, such as participating in plant growth, development, lipid metabolism, and stress resistance. However, little is known about the function of the GDSL lipase gene in the heat tolerance of rice.