Unraveling the Vicious Cycle: Oxidative Stress and Neurotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Oxidative stress is characterized by an imbalance between the production and elimination of free radicals, where the rate of free radical generation surpasses the rate of their removal. This imbalance can lead to tissue and organ damage, contributing to the pathogenesis of various diseases. The nervous system, due to its high oxygen consumption, is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress.

Effect of mixed fermentation with and on the flavor precursor and flavor formation of Kazak cheese.

Previous research has demonstrated that notably enhances flavor stability with the cost of diminishing the inherent milk flavor in cheese, which may be rescued by the incorporation of . To investigate the effects of mixed fermentation with and on the formation of taste during the ripening period of kazak cheese, this study determined its sensory attributes, flavor precursors, volatile flavor components (VFCs), and Odorant Activity Value (OAV). The mixed fermentation increased the levels of organic acids, aromatic and umami amino acids, saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), ultimately intensifying the concentration of aldehydes and ketones.

High matrix stiffness triggers testosterone decline in aging males by disrupting stem Leydig cell pool homeostasis.

Aging is closely related to the decline of male reproductive endocrine function, which is manifested as insufficient testosterone production. It is well known that stem cell pool stability is crucial for maintaining tissue function. However, the relationship between aging and the stem Leydig cell (SLC) pool homeostasis remains unclear.

Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Different Liver Fibrosis Models: Elucidating Molecular Distinctions and Commonalities.

: Liver fibrosis, a consequence of various chronic liver diseases, is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to impaired liver function and potentially progressing to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. The molecular mechanisms underlying liver fibrosis are complex and not fully understood. In vivo experiments are essential for studying the molecular mechanisms of the disease.

Wave succession in the pandemic clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus driven by gene loss.

While spontaneous mutation and gene acquisition are well-established drivers of pathogen adaptation, the role of gene loss remains underexplored. Here we investigated the emergence and diversification of the pandemic clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus through large-scale phylogenomic analysis of 8,684 global isolates. The pandemic clone rapidly acquired multiple marker genes and genomic islands, subsequently diverging into successive sublineages mediating independent waves of cross-country transmission, as also observed in Vibrio cholerae.

Analysis of the differences and influencing factors of rural population aging in Gansu Province-based on panel data from 2000 to 2022.

Objective: To analyze the spatial dimension differences and influencing factors of rural population aging in Gansu Province over the past 20 years.

Methods: Data on population, economy, healthcare, and education from Gansu Province and its 14 cities (prefectures) from 2000 to 2022 were collected, with selected indicators quantified. A spatial dynamic panel data model was established to explore regional differences and the impact of influencing factors on population aging.

Effects of Black Garlic Polyphenols on the Physicochemical Characteristics, Antioxidant Activity, and Sensory Evaluation of Yogurt.

Yogurt fortified with polyphenols, as a new type of functional yogurt, exhibits high quality and good antioxidant activity. However, the effects of black garlic polyphenols (BGP) on the quality of solidified yogurt have been scarcely reported. Therefore, the effects of different levels (0.

Analysis of the effects of air pollutants and meteorological factors on upper respiratory tract infection outpatients in Gansu Province.

The effects of meteorological factors and air pollutants on upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) varied across different regions depending on climate zones. Previous studies have identified potential interactions between air pollutants and meteorological factors (temperature and relative humidity, , RH) on URTI morbidity. However, research in the inland provinces of Northwest China remains limited.

Activating HS into Polysulfide by Citric Acid-Induced Surface-Active Oxygen in Cu-OMS-2 for Enhanced Oxidation of Hg at Ambient Temperature.

Capturing mercury (Hg) in raw natural gas is crucial for the stable operation of natural gas purification systems. However, achieving direct oxidation removal of Hg in a reducing atmosphere at ambient temperature presents a significant challenge. In this study, we designed a Cu-doped OMS-2 sorbent, synthesized with citric acid (CA) assistance, which demonstrated exceptional Hg removal performance in simulated natural gas at ambient temperature.

Engineerable mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as promising therapeutic strategies for pulmonary fibrosis.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease characterized by fibroblast activation, excessive extracellular matrix deposition, and irreversible lung damage. Current therapeutic interventions, including anti-fibrotic medications and lung transplantation, are constrained by limited efficacy, adverse side effects, and logistical challenges. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have emerged as a promising cell-free therapeutic approach due to their safety, scalability, and capacity to deliver bioactive cargo.

Associations between ambient temperature and cause-specific respiratory emergency room visits in Lanzhou, China: A time-series study.

Little is known on the potential impact of temperature on emergency room (ER) visits of total and cause-specific respiratory diseases (RD) including upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), Pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Bronchitis, especially for patients in the areas of the semi-arid Northwest region. This study investigated the impact of ambient temperature on the ER risk of total and cause-specific RD in Lanzhou, China from 2013 to 2019. A quasi-Poisson generalized additive model (GAM) and a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) were used to examine the association between ambient temperature and daily ER visits for total and cause-specific RD.

Effects of traditional Chinese medicine collapse stains therapy combined with burn ointment on wound healing, inflammation, and pain mediator levels in patients with second degree burns.

Objective: To investigate the effects of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) collapse stains therapy combined with burn ointment on wound healing, inflammation, and pain mediator levels in patients with second-degree burns.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. A total of 84 patients with second degree burns treated at Xingtai Third Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects.

Stem cell-based therapeutic strategies for liver aging.

Aging is characterized by a gradual deterioration of the physiological integrity of cells, tissues, and organs, resulting in a decrease in the body's physiological functions and an acceleration of the onset of age-related diseases, ultimately leading to death. The aging of the liver, which is a critical metabolic organ, is closely linked to various chronic liver diseases, such as hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis, and it exacerbates their prognosis and is a primary risk factor for their development at all stages. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the causes, mechanisms, and potential therapeutic targets associated with liver aging holds significant clinical importance for delaying or potentially reversing liver aging and for treating chronic liver diseases.

"Warp and weft combined": A meta-ethnography of nursing students' experiences participating in geriatric care services.

Background: Given the irreversible global aging trend, the demand for professional geriatric care has increased dramatically. Nursing students play a vital role as crucial reserve forces. Our study used Meta-ethnography to assess nursing students' practical experiences in geriatric care.

Insights into zeolite imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) for CO capture and separation: A short review.

Zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) are a class of three-dimensional (3D) skeletal materials with zeolitic topology composed of metal ions and imidazolium ligands, which combine the advantages of zeolites and metal-organic frameworks. ZIFs are widely used for adsorption of carbon dioxide (CO) from flue gas due to its excellent hydrophobicity, chemical stability, thermal stability and gas adsorption properties. This study focuses on the effects of structures of ZIFs on CO capture and separation from the viewpoints of topologies, pore channels, ligand functional groups and composite structures.

CD51 promotes gastric cancer stemness via blocking Numb-mediated Notch1 degradation.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a lethal malignancy with poor prognosis largely due to cancer stem cell (CSC)-driven metastasis, recurrence, and chemoresistance. This study identifies CD51 (integrin αv) as a pivotal regulator of GC stemness and malignant progression. Bioinformatics analysis of TCGA data revealed significant CD51 upregulation in GC tissues, correlating with advanced tumor stage and poor survival.

Electron Withdrawal from Methane by Pt Atoms on Stannic Oxide for Highly Active Low-Temperature Combustion.

Supported Pt catalysts often exhibit limited effectiveness in achieving complete methane oxidation, which restricts their commercial application. However, Pt catalysts are particularly attractive, especially in sulfur-containing environments, where commercial Pd catalysts are more susceptible to sulfur poisoning. Therefore, developing highly active Pt sites and gaining a deeper understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms governing methane combustion over Pt catalysts is essential.

Residual cholesterol is an independent risk factor for new-onset hyperuricemia: a nationwide cohort study based on a middle-aged and elderly population.

Background And Aim: The relationship between residual cholesterol (RC) and the risk of new-onset hyperuricemia remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the association between degree of RC and new-onset hyperuricemia in Chinese adults.

Methods And Results: We analyzed data from 6963 healthy participants enrolled in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Mechanical signal-mediated mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts modulate Leydig cell testosterone biosynthesis during testis development.

In males, 95% of testosterone is synthesized by Leydig cells, and a deficiency in this synthesis will cause metabolic disorders and multiple organ dysfunction. Testosterone deficiency is not only affected by aged or diseased Leydig cells, which have been studied extensively, but is also closely related to the development of the testis. At present, the focus on the mechanism of testis development includes epigenetic and hormone regulation.

Efficacy and safety of radix as an adjuvant therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus: rationale, design and protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: The current pharmacological management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) faces challenges such as low rates of optimal glycaemic control, high incidences of adverse drug reactions and suboptimal treatment compliance. radix (PLR), a medicinal and edible herb, has shown hypoglycaemic effects in animal models. However, existing clinical studies have only assessed the hypoglycaemic effect of PLR-containing herb formulas or PLR extract preparations.

Association between the temperature difference and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Lanzhou, China.

The aim of this study was to use the distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to investigate the association between temperature differences (including temperature change between neighboring days (TCN) and diurnal temperature range (DTR)) and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) outpatient visits. We also stratify by sex (male, female) and age (< 65 years, 65-74 years and ≥ 75 years). The results showed that the maximum relative risk (RR) of low temperature for AECOPD outpatient visits was 1.

Disparities in lifestyle among community-dwelling older adults with or without mild cognitive impairment: a population-based study in north-western China.

Background: Evidences indicate that patients with unhealthy lifestyles are at a higher risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. However, uncertainty remains about the association of lifestyles with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in less-developed areas.

Methods: We used multi-stage stratified sampling method to obtain study population aged ≥65 years, and subsequently a cross-sectional survey was produced including 509 individuals (109 MCI and 400 healthy controls) between March and June 2023.

Resveratrol Alleviates Diabetic Adipose Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles-Induced Hippocampal Ferroptosis and Cognitive Dysfunction via Inhibiting miR-9-3p/SLC7A11 Axis.

Visceral adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (VAT-EVs) and their cargo miR-9-3p contribute to cognitive dysfunction and insulin resistance. Resveratrol (RES) prevents T2DM-induced cognitive impairment. This study investigates the interactive role of VAT-EVs and RES in diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD) and the potential mechanisms.

Metal-Support Interaction Boosts the Photocatalytic Performance of Pd/TiO for Acetylene Semi-Hydrogenation: Modulating the H Reaction Behavior and Ethylene Desorption.

Photocatalytic acetylene (CH) semi-hydrogenation reaction is an environmentally friendly process for ethylene (CH) production. However, all attempts to enhance the CH yield have faced kinetic limitations. Electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) is an effective approach to enhance kinetic constants by regulating the adsorption and desorption capabilities of intermediates and reactive species, promoting the reaction in the forward direction.

Tunable reconstruction of metal-organic frameworks for advanced electrocatalytic degradation of antibiotics: Key role of structural defects and pollutant properties.

Although metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) catalysts are appealing for removing emerging contaminants, they are significantly restricted by the activity-stability trade-off effect. This study develops a facile and sustainable strategy to realize the synchronous promotion of stability and activity by utilizing the metastable property of UiO-66 with optimal defect concentration to in-situ reconstruct into more stable and active ZrOOH@UiO-66 heterojunction under working conditions. The crucial role of structural defects and pollutant properties in controlling MOFs reconstruction was unveiled by tracking dynamic structure evolution during electrocatalytic degradation of antibiotics.