Resistance to Silicosis Progression in Mice with Ch25h Downregulation: The Involvement of NLRP3 Inflammasome.

Silicosis is a fatal occupational lung disease characterized by persistent inflammation and irreversible fibrosis. However, the pathogenesis of silicosis is currently unclear. In this study, a mouse model of silicosis was established by intranasal instillation of silica, and transcriptomic alterations in lung tissues were assessed by mRNA-sequencing.

Autophagy controls the hippocampal postsynaptic organization and affects cognition in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome.

Dysregulated spine morphology is a common feature in pathology of many neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Overabundant immature dendritic spines in the hippocampus are causally related to cognitive deficits of Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common form of heritable intellectual disability. Recent findings from us and others indicate autophagy plays important roles in synaptic stability and morphology, and autophagy is downregulated in FXS neurons.

Three undescribed Schinortriterpenoids from Schisandra chinensis and their neuroprotective effects.

Three undescribed SNTs, schisaterpene SU (1-3), were isolated from the extract of Schisandra chinensis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of HR-ESI-MS, NMR data and ECD calculation. All compounds were evaluated for their Neuroprotective activity induced by MPP in SH-SY5Y cells.

Macrophages activate fibroblasts to promote the collagen capsule formation during Trichinella spiralis infection.

Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) can establish long-term infections within skeletal muscle cells, which are encapsulated by collagen capsule. Histological studies reveal that T.

Developing Intravenous Delivery of Water-Soluble Prodrugs of Idebenone for the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Ischemic stroke (IS) represents a substantial global health threat, but only a few effective medicines exist to treat IS, with a huge unmet clinical need. Idebenone (IDB), a coenzyme Q10 analogue, has multitarget effects, including enhancing mitochondrial energy metabolism, scavenging free radicals, and anti-inflammation, which is approved in Europe for treating Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). However, IDB has poor water solubility and oral bioavailability, resulting in insufficient therapeutic plasma concentrations, even following high-dose oral administration, and limiting its use for brain diseases and acute-phase interventions.

AI-Enhanced Fluorescein Angiography Detection of Diabetes-Induced Silent Retinal Capillary Dropout and RNA-Seq Identification of Pre-Symptomatic Biomarkers.

: Retinal capillary dropout, characterized by acellular capillaries or "ghost vessels," is an early pathological sign of diabetic retinopathy (DR) that remains undetectable through standard clinical imaging techniques until visible morphological changes, such as microaneurysms or hemorrhages, occur. This study aims to develop a non-destructive artificial intelligence (AI)-based method using fluorescein angiography (FA) images to detect early-stage, silent retinal capillary dropout. We utilized 94 FA images and corresponding destructive retinal capillary density measurements obtained through retinal trypsin digestion from 51 Nile rats.

Single-cell transcriptomic landscape of sciatic nerve after transection injury.

Peripheral nerve injuries, particularly those affecting the sciatic nerve, often result in incomplete functional recovery due to the limited regenerative capacity of adult peripheral nerves. To elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying nerve regeneration, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on rat sciatic nerve tissues at seven time points (Days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14) following transection injury. Through unsupervised clustering, we identified four major cellular compartments-neurofibroblasts (NFs), glial cells (Glis), immune cells, and vascular cells-and delineated their dynamic trajectories during regeneration.

High efficiency classification of thyroid cytopathological images based on knowledge distillation and vision transformer.

Thyroid cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, pathological diagnosis based on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is clinically used as the standard for assessing thyroid cancer. However, the complex structure and large-scale data volume of thyroid pathology images pose challenges in terms of accuracy and efficiency for automatic diagnosis. To address this practical problem, this paper proposes a knowledge distillation method called Multi-Dimensional Knowledge Distillation, which involves feature-based distillation and response-based distillation.

Glyco-engineered multifunctional hydrogel with bacterial fishing hooks for targeted bacterial eradication and enhanced wound healing.

Infection with drug-resistant bacteria in hospitals significantly hinders wound healing, resulting in a high mortality rate among affected patients. In this study, we developed a multifunctional dextran-based hydrogel platform that effectively captures and eliminates carbapenem-resistant (CRPA) from wounds. By grafting glycoligands (galactose and fucose) onto the three-dimensional hydrogel matrix and two-dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets, we substantially enhance the selective capture of CRPA through multivalent carbohydrate-lectin interactions.

Remote ischaemic conditioning improves outcomes of ischaemic stroke treated by endovascular thrombectomy: the SERIC-EVT trial.

Background And Aims: Even after endovascular thrombectomy, more than half of patients with acute large vessel occlusion stroke do not achieve favourable outcomes. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC), a promising neuroprotective treatment, in patients with acute ischaemic stroke who received endovascular thrombectomy.

Methods: This participant-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at 25 hospitals.

Nomogram Incorporating Inflammatory Index, Pathology, and Molecular Classification for Predicting Recurrence in Patients with Stage I-III Endometrial Cancer: A Multi-Institutional Study.

Background: This study evaluated the prognostic value of the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score for postoperative recurrence in endometrial cancer patients. A nomogram was developed based on clinicopathological parameters, HALP score, and immunohistochemical markers to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with stage I-III endometrial cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1,083 patients who underwent hysterectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2013 to January 2021.

[Brain function and connection in patients with refractory overactive bladder and healthy population: Analysis based on resting-state functional MRI].

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of central nervous system regulation in patients with refractory overactive bladder (rOAB) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), and to analyze the differences in brain function and connection between the patients and healthy population.

Methods: From May 1 to November 30, 2024, we performed rs-fMRI for 47 rOAB patients and another 47 matched healthy controls, documented relevant clinical data from all the participants and obtained their Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores (OABSS) and Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-Q) scores. Based on rs-fMRI, we compared the results of Independent Component Analysis (ICA), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo) and degree centrality (DC) between the rOAB patients and healthy controls.

Patient-derived organoid modeling predicts personalized drug responses in prostate-metastatic mantle cell lymphoma: a case report.

Tumor heterogeneity represents a significant challenge in cancer treatment. Current therapeutic strategies frequently rely on single biopsy assessments that may not fully capture tumor complexity. In this study, we developed prostate patient-derived organoids (PDOs) from a mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) case with prostatic metastasis.

A Simple Protocol for the Isolation and Culture of Hepatocytes from MASLD Mice.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), characterized by pathological lipid accumulation (steatosis) within hepatocytes, represents a significant and growing global health burden. Primary mouse hepatocyte cultures serve as indispensable ex vivo models for elucidating MASLD pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions. However, reliable isolation of high-quality hepatocytes from steatotic livers remains technically challenging.

Mechanical-electric dual characteristics solid-liquid interfacing sensor for accurate liquid identification.

The demand for portable and rapid identification of liquids has challenged traditional laboratory methods. Here, we propose a high-accuracy liquid identification strategy that integrates water droplet mechanics and solid-liquid interface contact electrification. By applying non-Hookean mechanical properties of droplets, we fabricate a lotus leaf-inspired ZnO-Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) superhydrophobic solid-liquid sensor.

IC2Bert: masked gene expression pretraining and supervised fine tuning for robust immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response prediction.

Bulk RNA-seq-based prediction of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) responses has been extensively studied to distinguish responders from non-responders. However, cohort heterogeneity remains a major challenge, hindering the robustness and generalizability of predictive models across diverse RNA-seq datasets. In this study, we present IC2Bert, a novel model that employs masked gene expression pretraining combined with domain-specific supervised fine-tuning to enhance predictive robustness across heterogeneous ICB response cohorts.

Cancer immunology data engine reveals secreted AOAH as a potential immunotherapy.

Secreted proteins are central mediators of intercellular communications and can serve as therapeutic targets in diverse diseases. The ∼1,903 human genes encoding secreted proteins are difficult to study through common genetic approaches. To address this hurdle and, more generally, to discover cancer therapeutics, we developed the Cancer Immunology Data Engine (CIDE, https://cide.

Establishment and validation of a convenient and efficient screening tool for active pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer patients based on common parameters.

Background: Coexistent pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer (PTB-LC) is a rare type of disease with frequent under- and/or mis-diagnosis. Establishment of a reliable screening model for PTB-LC holds considerable medical and economic significance.

Objectives: We aimed to develop an efficient and convenient tool to identify high-risk individuals for tuberculosis (TB) infection among LC patients based on commonly available parameters in clinical practice.

Investigating preferences and price sensitivity of incentive-based recycling of household waste in emerging megacities.

While the pay-as-you-throw approach is widely adopted, some emerging megacities have successfully implemented incentive-based schemes to encourage residents to participate in waste recycling. A common incentive is rewarding residents based on the value of recyclables (e.g.

Prognostic significance and immune infiltration analysis of HMGA2 in endometrial cancer.

Background: HMGA2, as a transcription factor, facilitates oncogenesis and malignant progression by coordinating cell cycle dysregulation, compromising DNA repair machinery, and suppressing cancer cell apoptosis. However, its roles in prognostication and tumor immune microenvironment modulation in endometrial cancer (EC) remain incompletely defined.

Methods: We systematically analyzed HMGA2 expression patterns and clinical prognostic value in EC using bioinformatics strategies, including TCGA and GTEX data mining, as well as single gene expression analysis.

Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors in the treatment of intermediate and advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Systemic treatment for unresectable advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) primarily comprises targeted therapy and immunotherapy, which have demonstrated improved therapeutic efficacy compared with chemotherapy. However, the overall efficacy for patients remains below expectations. Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), a novel approach in the treatment of HCC, involves the direct and continuous administration of chemotherapeutic drugs to liver tumors through catheters.

Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study with 2-year survival analysis.

Background: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT) has shown encouraging short-term outcomes in patients with locally advanced resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but data on long-term survival remain limited. This study compared the therapeutic efficacy, safety, and 2-year survival outcomes of NICT versus surgery alone.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with locally advanced resectable ESCC who underwent either NICT followed by surgery or upfront surgery alone.

Navigating the decision landscape: understanding interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome patients' motivations and medical support needs for fecal microbiota transplantation: a qualitative research.

Background: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) patients often confront limited treatment options, leading them to contemplate fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as an alternative therapy. Recognizing the factors influencing their decision-making process and their medical support needs is imperative. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of decision-making and the medical support requirements of IC/BPS patients considering FMT as an alternative treatment.

[Clinical efficacy of acupuncture on mild cognitive impairment and its effect on gut microbiota].

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its effect on gut microbiota.

Methods: A total of 62 MCI patients were randomly divided into an experimental group (31 cases, 2 cases dropped out) and a control group (31 cases). Both groups received exercise and cognitive training.

Liquid biopsy using plasma proteomics in predicting efficacy and tolerance of PD-1/PD-L1 blockades in NSCLC: a prospective exploratory study.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show limited efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), highlighting the need for predictive biomarkers. Here we prospectively analysed serial plasma samples from 34 ICI-treated advanced NSCLC patients (plus 30 validation samples) using the Olink Immuno-Oncology panel. We assessed dynamic proteomic changes associated with ICI efficacy and immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and developed a prognostic model.