Lactococcus formosensis and its metabolite 4-acetamidobutanoic acid induced caspase-11 dependent myenteric neuronal pyroptosis in intractable functional constipation.

Intractable functional constipation (IFC), a severe form of chronic constipation characterized by slow transit and resistance to conventional treatments, posed a significant clinical challenge. Here, we identified Lactococcus formosensis (Lf), a Gram-positive bacterium prevalent in IFC patients, as a novel contributor to intestinal motility impairment. Clinically, IFC patients exhibited increased colonic mucosal colonization of Lf and significant myenteric neuronal loss and pyroptosis, particularly in excitatory choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) neurons, but not inhibitory neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) neurons.

Unveiling the potential of in digestive diseases: a comprehensive review.

Background: () is a lactic acid-producing probiotic, possessing the potential to modulate intestinal microbiota balance, which can enhance immune function, and reduce the risk of intestinal infections. In recent years, increasing studies have demonstrated the positive impact of this strain and its metabolites on the health of multiple systems, including the stomach, intestine, liver, and brain.

Objective: This article aims to systematically review the mechanisms of action and clinical application progress of in the prevention and treatment of digestive system-related diseases.

Individualized supplement of water-soluble vitamins: the influence of inflammation and renal function on circulating concentrations in critically digestive disease patients.

Background: Existing studies have shown the association of circulating vitamin and disease outcome. The study aimed to elucidate individual response of plasma water-soluble vitamins after supplement by PN in critically digestive disorder patients.

Methods: We measured the plasma levels of nine water-soluble vitamins (i.

Excessive ultra-processed foods exposure aggravates ulcerative colitis via macrophage ferroptosis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory disease with global prevalence, is increasingly associated with environmental exposure to modern dietary hazards, particularly ultra-processed foods (UPFs) containing oxidized phytosterols. While industrial food processing techniques and repeated oil reuse are known to amplify formation of phytosterol oxidation products, their biological impacts on intestinal inflammation remain unexplored. This study focuses on 7-ketositosterol (KS), the most abundant phytosterol oxide found in UPFs, and its role in UC.

Magnoflorine alleviates colitis-induced anxiety-like behaviors by regulating gut microbiota and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and anxiety are often comorbid and are interconnected through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Therapeutic medications for anxiety are often constrained by adverse effects that limit their long-term use. Therefore, recent research has focused on identifying natural, safe drugs for anxiety, and elucidating the precise mechanisms underlying the interplay between drugs and the gut-brain axis in modulating mood.

Pre-Illness Index-Based Dietary Patterns and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Context: Diet is a modifiable environmental factor believed to play an essential role in the occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Dietary patterns could better reflect the effects of interaction of the various dietary components.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of pre-illness index-based dietary patterns on IBD risk.

Oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic features and radiomics analysis to predict NIH risk stratification for gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Objective: To evaluate the value of oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and radiomics analysis in predicting the National Institutes of Health (NIH) staging of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 204 patients presenting with GISTs in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2020 to January 2023. The clinical profiles, oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) imaging data were collected.

Targeting the MDK/c-Myc complex to overcome temozolomide resistance in glioma.

Background: Temozolomide (TMZ), which is an alkylating agent, is the standard chemotherapeutic drug used for glioma treatment. However, the development of resistance to TMZ limits its efficacy. Thus, identifying novel therapeutic targets is necessary.

Illuminating prospects of probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila in intestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis.

Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is portrayed as an advantageous enteric bacterium with a particular property of mucin utilization. Emerging data suggest A.

Genetically supported causality between gut microbiota, prefrontal cortex and depression: insights from multiple Mendelian randomization, multi-omics analysis, and network pharmacology.

Background: Gut microbiota (GM) alterations have been implicated in depression, potentially mediated via changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, the causal relationship and underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: Summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 473 GM (n = 5959), depression (43,280 cases, 329,192 controls), and 3935 brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) (n = 33,224) were utilized.

ATF3 restoration as a potential strategy in managing ulcerative colitis: Implications from Sishen pill research.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with limited therapeutic options, particularly for moderate-to-severe cases. The present study evaluated the therapeutic potential of Sishen Pill (SSP) through Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3).

Methods: Colonic biopsy samples were collected from 11 UC patients and 6 healthy controls (HCs).

Dietary emulsifier Polysorbate 80-induced lipotoxicity promotes intestinal senescence.

Intestinal senescence, often characterized by increased oxidative stress, is linked to gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. While previous studies have suggested that diets rich in food additives, such as the emulsifier Polysorbate 80 (P80), may influence gut health, the impact of P80 exposure on intestinal senescence remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of P80 on intestinal senescence in a senescence-accelerated mouse prone model.

Multi-functionalized probiotics through layer-by-layer coating with tannic acid-Mg and casein phosphopeptide complexes for preventing ulcerative colitis.

Gut microbiota imbalance-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress are two of the main reasons causing ulcerative colitis (UC). Probiotics show potent modulating effects on microbiota imbalance and have been considered as an optimal substitute of antibiotics for preventing UC. However, the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract is not conducive to the survival and persistence of probiotics.

Maternal high-fat diet disrupts intestinal mucus barrier of offspring by regulating gut immune receptor LRRC19.

Maternal high fat diet (MHFD) increased colitis susceptibility in adulthood. However, the mechanism remains unclear. We sought to explore whether novel gut immune receptor leucine-rich repeat C19 (LRRC19) contributed to the impaired mucus barrier of offspring exposed to MHFD via gut immune response and microbiota.

Alleviates Colitis by Regulating FXR-NLRP3 Mediated Macrophage Pyroptosis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC), a typical inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is pathologically defined by mucosal inflammation confined to the colonic mucosa. (Sb), a commonly utilized probiotic yeast for managing digestive disorders like UC, has not been thoroughly investigated regarding its precise mechanisms for alleviating colitis. Increasing evidence indicates the involvement of FXR in UC.

Case report: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding associated with pancreatic segmental portal hypertension: six case reports and literature review.

Background: Pancreatic segmental portal hypertension (PSPH) is a clinical syndrome in which splenic vein hypertension is caused by obstruction, stenosis, or thrombosis of the splenic veins in the primary pancreatic disease. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by gastric varices (GVs) is one of the life-threatening complications in the patients with left portal hypertension. The aim was to report our experience and discuss the manifestations, management, and prognosis of PSPH with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB).

Machine learning-based characterization of PANoptosis-related biomarkers and immune infiltration in ulcerative colitis: A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a heterogeneous autoimmune condition. PANoptosis, a new form of programmed cell death, plays a role in inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed PANoptosis-related genes (PRGs) involved in immune dysregulation in UC.

Studies on the alleviating effect of V9 on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a global public health problem with complex pathogenesis and limited therapeutic options. We aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms by which V9 (V9) alleviated colitis in a dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model mice.

Methods: Mice were induced to develop colitis by drinking DSS solution to induce colitis.

Multifunctional nanodrug for simultaneously combating chemoresistance and immunosuppression in Fusobacterium nucleatum-associated colorectal cancer.

Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) infection in colorectal cancer (CRC) induces chemoresistance and creates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, compromising the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy. To address these challenges, a multifunctional MPLO@HA nanodrug was developed by conjugating metformin (Met), oxaliplatin (OxPt), and lauric acid (LA) onto oligomethyleneimine, subsequently complexed with hyaluronic acid (HA). The MPLO@HA nanodrug is designed to target Fn-infected CRC, offering multiple mechanisms for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.

Structural and physicochemical properties and changes in vitro digestion and fermentation of soluble dietary fiber from tea residues modified by fermentation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the structure, physicochemical properties, and changes in vitro digestion and fermentation between unfermented tea residue dietary fiber (UDF) and fermented tea residue soluble dietary fiber (FSDF). The results showed that soluble dietary fiber in FSDF was increased from 2.54 % to 15.

Gut microbiota in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: not the end of the story.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to major global health concern. However, the focus on immediate effects was assumed as the tip of iceberg due to the symptoms following acute infection, which was defined as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). Gut microbiota alterations even after disease resolution and the gastrointestinal symptoms are the key features of PACS.

flagellin exacerbates colorectal cancer through activating LRRC19/TRAF6/TAK1 pathway.

The initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) are intimately associated with genetic, environmental and biological factors. (DSV), a sulfate-reducing bacterium, has been found excessive growth in CRC patients, suggesting a potential role in carcinogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this association remain incompletely understood.

Effects of amoxicillin dosage on cure rate, gut microbiota, and antibiotic resistome in vonoprazan and amoxicillin dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori: a multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial.

Background: Vonoprazan and amoxicillin (VA) dual therapy as a mainstream Helicobacter pylori regimen has gained momentum worldwide, but the optimum dosages remain unclear. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of VA dual therapy with 2 g amoxicillin or 3 g amoxicillin, and to assess the short-term effects of therapy on the gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial at 12 centres in China.

AKK-derived outer membrane vesicles alleviate indomethacin-induced mucin secretion reduction in LS174T cells by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Introduction: AKK-derived outer membrane vesicles (AKK-OMVs) have shown potential in modulating intestinal mucosal immunity by increasing the number of intestinal goblet cells. However, it remains unclear whether AKK-OMVs can directly regulate MUC2 secretion in goblet cells exposed to indomethacin and the underlying mechanisms involved.

Methods: The abnormal mucin secretion model in LS174T cells was established using indomethacin, with treatment including (AKK) supernatant, AKK-OMVs, and extracellular vesicle removal supernatant.