Lactococcus formosensis and its metabolite 4-acetamidobutanoic acid induced caspase-11 dependent myenteric neuronal pyroptosis in intractable functional constipation.

Intractable functional constipation (IFC), a severe form of chronic constipation characterized by slow transit and resistance to conventional treatments, posed a significant clinical challenge. Here, we identified Lactococcus formosensis (Lf), a Gram-positive bacterium prevalent in IFC patients, as a novel contributor to intestinal motility impairment. Clinically, IFC patients exhibited increased colonic mucosal colonization of Lf and significant myenteric neuronal loss and pyroptosis, particularly in excitatory choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) neurons, but not inhibitory neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) neurons.

Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of flower petals color transition in different phenotype of .

Background: is a classic Chinese medicinal herb with direct flower color variation among types. Our group found differences in petal color transition between Xianglei-type (XL) and Wild-type (WT). At f1-f4 stage, the two types were green, and gradually changed from green to greenish white with development, in f5-f6, WT from white to golden yellow, but XL has little color change.

Novel microbial fuel cell integrating anoxic/oxic-membrane bioreactor design for simultaneous energy recovery and carbon-nitrogen removal from shale oil and gas wastewater.

Shale oil and gas wastewater (SOGW), rich in pollutants, poses an environmental threat. A novel microbial fuel cell (MFC) resembling an anoxic/oxic-membrane bioreactor (A/O-MBR), called AOMM, was developed to treat SOGW and recover energy. AOMM required no expensive ion-exchange membrane and incorporated a custom suspended-rotating biocathode, reducing the reliance on high-cost and hard-to-scale components.

Co-occurrence of autoimmune liver disease and gallstones: a clinically overlooked phenomenon.

Background: Gallstone disease is a relatively common complicating condition in patients with autoimmune liver disease (AILD) in clinical practice, yet this phenomenon has not been reported previously. Thus, we investigated the prevalence and the clinical characteristics of gallstones in patients with AILD.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 560 patients with AILD, comprising 207 with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), 289 with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and 64 with PBC-AIH overlap syndrome (PBC-AIH), who attended the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from November 2012 to October 2022.

Bilingual Proficiency Effects on Word Recall and Recognition.

This study investigates the effects of bilingual proficiency on word recognition and recall across different memory tasks, with a focus on Chinese-English bilinguals. Participants learned lists of words in either their L1 (Chinese) or L2 (English) language while performing a semantic judgment task. Their memory for the learned words was subsequently assessed using three distinct tasks: a word recognition task (Experiment 1), a picture endorsement task (Experiment 2), and a free recall task (Experiment 3).

PM-bound synchronous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals in in a typical cold city in northern China: Differences in heating and non-heating periods.

Heating process in cold cities leads to elevated levels of PM-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (HMs), which are health concerns for their carcinogenic and mutagenic characteristics. In this study, the variations and potential health risks attributable to PM-bound synchronous PAHs and HMs were assessed in non-heating and heating periods in 2023 in Harbin, a typical cold city in northern China. Results showed that PAHs and HMs concentrations during the heating period (19.

aggravates cholestatic liver disease by increasing intestinal permeability and enhancing bile acid reabsorption.

Background: Although an association between gut microbiota and cholestatic liver disease (CLD) has been reported, the precise functional roles of these microbes in CLD pathogenesis remain largely unknown.

Aim: To explore the function of gut microbes in CLD pathogenesis and the effects of gut microbiota on intestinal barrier and bile acid (BA) metabolism in CLD.

Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a 0.

Predictive factors for 30-day mortality after polymyxin B treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli infections.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the associated factors predicting 30-day mortality of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) infections, with focus on polymyxin B AUC/MIC.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients with CR-GNB infections from January 2022 to January 2024. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality.

Changes in body composition during acute exposure to high altitude is related to acute mountain sickness.

Background: Acute hypoxia exposure leads to a high incidence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) and changes in body composition, while the relationship between body composition and AMS remains unclear. We designed this study to detect the body composition and discern its relationship with AMS.

Methods: Eighty-one subjects were transported from the plain (300 m) to the plateau (3680 m).

Caffeine's Neuroprotective Effect on Memory Impairment: Suppression of Adenosine AA Receptor and Enhancement of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Dopaminergic Neurons Under Hypobaric Hypoxia Conditions.

Aims: Chronic hypobaric hypoxia frequently results in memory deficits, with severe cases showing marked alterations in dopamine levels and its metabolites. This research explores caffeine's modulation of the adenosine AA receptor (AAR) and its regulatory effects on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), aiming to restore dopamine homeostasis and mitigate memory impairments associated with hypoxia. The goal is to identify novel preventive strategies against cognitive decline induced by hypoxia.

Characterisation and Clinical Relevance of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Primary Biliary Cholangitis.

Background And Aims: The pathological characteristics of lymphocyte infiltration in the hepatic portal tracts of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) remain unclear. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are ectopic lymphoid tissues associated with the exacerbation of autoimmune reactions. Here, we evaluate the role of TLSs in PBC and investigate their potential therapeutic value.

Effect of Intravenous Tirofiban Versus Placebo on First-Pass Successful Reperfusion in Endovascular Stroke Thrombectomy: Insights From the RESCUE BT Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: First-pass successful reperfusion (FPSR), defined as a successful/complete reperfusion achieved after a single thrombectomy pass, is predictive of favorable outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion. It is unknown whether intravenous tirofiban is effective in increasing the rate of FPSR in acute anterior large-vessel occlusion stroke.

Methods And Results: Patients who had acute large-vessel occlusion stroke presenting within 24 hours and underwent endovascular thrombectomy were analyzed from the RESCUE BT (Intravenous Tirofiban for Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke) clinical trial, of which the main analysis was neutral.

Associations between sleep disorders and clinical outcomes of patients with primary biliary cholangitis.

Purpose: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease characterized by a range of symptoms, including sleep disturbances. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders and the associations between sleep disorders and clinical outcomes in PBC.

Patients And Methods: We enrolled 177 patients with PBC and 165 healthy controls (age- and sex-matched).

Association of gut microbiota with lactose intolerance and coeliac disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Objectives: Lactose intolerance and coeliac disease are common clinical nutrient malabsorption disorders, with an unclear pathogenesis and limited therapeutic options. It is widely believed that the gut microbiota plays an important role in many digestive disorders, but its role in lactose intolerance and coeliac disease is not yet clear. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between gut microbiota and lactose intolerance and coeliac disease.

Rates and Impact of Serious Adverse Events after Endovascular Thrombectomy among Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke Patients.

Objective: Complications or serious adverse events (SAEs) are common in the treatment of patients with large vessel occlusion stroke. There has been limited study of the impact of SAEs for patients after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). The goal of this study was to characterize the rates and clinical impact of SAEs following EVT.

Depressive symptom as a risk factor for cirrhosis in patients with primary biliary cholangitis: Analysis based on Lasso-logistic regression and decision tree models.

Background: Depressive symptoms are frequently observed in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). The role of depressive symptoms on cirrhosis has not been fully noticed in PBC. We aimed to establish a risk model for cirrhosis that took depressive symptoms into account.

Hypoxia-Induced Myocardial Hypertrophy Companies with Apoptosis Enhancement and p38-MAPK Pathway Activation.

Li, Xiaoxu, Zhijun Pu, Gang Xu, Yidong Yang, Yu Cui, Xiaoying Zhou, Chenyuan Wang, Zhifeng Zhong, Simin Zhou, Jun Yin, Fabo Shan, Chengzhong Yang, Li Jiao, Dewei Chen, and Jian Huang. Hypoxia-induced myocardial hypertrophy companies with apoptosis enhancement and p38-MAPK pathway activation. 25:186-196, 2024.

Hypoxic preacclimatization combining intermittent hypoxia exposure with physical exercise significantly promotes the tolerance to acute hypoxia.

Both hypoxia exposure and physical exercise before ascending have been proved to promote high altitude acclimatization, whether the combination of these two methods can bring about a better effect remains uncertain. Therefore, we designed this study to evaluate the effect of hypoxic preacclimatization combining intermittent hypoxia exposure (IHE) and physical exercise on the tolerance to acute hypoxia and screen the optimal preacclimatization scheme among the lowlanders. A total of 120 Han Chinese young men were enrolled and randomly assigned into four groups, including the control group and three experimental groups with hypoxic preacclimatization of 5-day rest, 5-day exercise, and 3-day exercise in a hypobaric chamber, respectively.

Decompressive craniectomy for patients with malignant infarction of the middle cerebral artery: A pooled analysis of two randomized controlled trials.

Background: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) reduces mortality without increasing the risk of very severe disability among patients with life-threatening massive cerebral infarction. However, its efficacy was demonstrated before the era of endovascular thrombectomy trials. It remains uncertain whether DC improves the prognosis of patients with malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction receiving endovascular therapy.

Assessment of Acute Mountain Sickness: Comparing the Chinese AMS Score to the Lake Louise Score.

Wu, Yu, Wenqi Zhao, Bao Liu, Jianyang Zhang, Zhifeng Zhong, Simin Zhou, Jiaxin Xie, Yuqi Gao, Peng Li, and Jian Chen. Assessment of Acute Mountain Sickness: Comparing the Chinese Ams Score to the Lake Louise Score. 25:164-173, 2024.

Activated carbon fibers functionalized with superhydrophilic coated pDA/TiO/SiO with photoluminescent self-cleaning properties for efficient oil-water separation.

The adhesion of high-viscosity oil contamination poses limitations on three-dimensional (3D) materials' practical use in treating oilfield-produced water (OPW). In this study, we developed a hybrid pDA/TiO/SiO coating (PTS) on the surface of hydrophilic activated carbon (ACF) through a combination of dopamine (DA) polymerization, ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) hydrolysis, and the condensation of TiO nanoparticles (NPs) with SiO NPs. This coating was designed for gravity-based oil-water separation.

Efficient degradation of cellulosic ethanol wastewater by perovskite activation of Sr element A-site doped lanthanide copper chalcogenide materials.

The degradation of cellulosic ethanol wastewater by peroxymonosulfate (PMS) is one of the important methods to solve the environmental problems caused by it. In order to improve the degradation efficiency of cellulosic ethanol wastewater, the design of more catalytically active and stable chalcogenide catalysts has become a problem that needs to be solved nowadays. The application of foreign cations to replace the A- or B-site to increase the oxygen vacancy of the chalcocite catalyst to improve the efficiency of chalcocite catalytic degradation of wastewater has received much attention.