Machine learning model for predicting hepatitis C seroconversion in methadone maintenance patients in China.

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a substantial public health concern, particularly among individuals with opioid addiction. The methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) programmes serve as a harm reduction strategy to mitigate HIV disease spread, yet the risk of HCV infection remains high within these settings. Accurate risk prediction for HCV seroconversion is therefore crucial for improving patient outcomes.

[Determination of 17 bisphenol compounds in human urine by solid supported liquid-liquid extraction-ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

Bisphenol A （BPA） and its analogs are collectively termed bisphenol compounds （BPs）， which are predominantly utilized in the manufacturing of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. BPs are ubiquitous in diverse environmental matrices， human tissues， and metabolic products. Extensive research has demonstrated that BPs exert adverse effects on the nervous， reproductive， immune， and metabolic systems.

The association between using screen in the dark and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal study among Chinese adolescents.

Objective: To investigate the association between using screen in the dark-a predominant source of LAN-and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents.

Methods: This study utilized a sample of 3659 adolescents (51.87% boy, mean age 14.

BFD2 mediates inflammation, apoptosis, and pre-anxiety-like behaviors induced by acute Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Toxoplasma gondii infection induces anxiety in hosts during the chronic stage; however, its role in pre-anxiety-like behaviors during the acute stage remains poorly understood. This study investigates the role of Bradyzoite Formation Deficient 2 (BFD2), a transcription factor essential for tachyzoite-to-bradyzoite differentiation, in inflammation, apoptosis, and behavioral changes during acute T. gondii infection.

Association between modifiable lifestyle behaviors and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents: a longitudinal analysis from 2019 to 2021.

Background: The incidence of depression in adolescents is high, and depression has a great impact on children and adolescents, while the effects of changeable lifestyle on depression in adolescents are inconsistent, and there is a lack of longitudinal research results. To fill these knowledge gaps, we conducted a longitudinal study in Shanghai to evaluate the association between modifiable lifestyle behaviors and depression symptoms in adolescents.

Methods: A total of 4314 students participated in the survey each year from 2019 to 2021 was included in this study.

Sleep problems and childhood adiposity: a cross-sectional study among third-grade students in Shanghai, China.

Objective: To investigate the association between sleep problems and overweight or obesity among third-grade primary school students in Shanghai, China.

Methods: A total of 3,640 students aged 8-10 years were recruited in 2023 using a random cluster sampling method. Sleep problems were assessed using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ).

Evaluation of Poxvirus-Specific Antibody Response in Monkey Poxvirus-Negative and -Positive Cohorts.

Objectives: Understanding the antibody response in monkeypox virus (MPXV)-infected and uninfected individuals is essential for developing next-generation MPXV vaccines. This study aimed to characterize neutralizing antibody (NAb) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses in both groups, providing insights into immune protection and vaccine design.

Methods: A recombinant vaccinia Tian Tan (VTT) virus was utilized to develop high-throughput luciferase-reporter-based neutralization and ADCC assays.

LAMP-Based 4-Channel Microfluidic Chip for POCT Detection of Influenza A H1N1, H3N2, and Influenza B Victoria Viruses.

: Influenza viruses are major pathogens responsible for respiratory infections and pose significant risks to densely populated urban areas. RT-qPCR has made substantial contributions in controlling virus transmission during previous COVID-19 epidemics, but it faces challenges in terms of detection time for large sample sizes and susceptibility to nucleic acid contamination. : Our study designed loop-mediated isothermal amplification primers for three common influenza viruses: A/H3N2, A/H1N1, and B/Victoria, and utilized a 4-channel microfluidic chip to achieve simultaneous detection.

Size-segregated emission characteristics and associated toxicity of polycyclic aromatic compounds from agricultural machinery.

Non-road agricultural machinery (AM) emissions now exceed road vehicles as major atmospheric particulate contributors in China. Though recent changes to fuels and emission standards have been implemented, their effects on particle size-resolved chemical compositions and public health impacts remain poorly understood. This study systematically analyzed the particle size-resolved polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) chemical composition from 5 AM, evaluating the impacts of fuel type (diesel B0, biodiesel B5/B20), emission standards (stage II/III), and working status (idling, moving, working) on emission characteristics and health risks.

Genomic Insights into Genetic Characteristics of - China, 2023.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: (. ) is an emerging multidrug-resistant and potentially extensively drug-resistant pathogen capable of causing invasive, lethal infections in humans. Conventional biochemical and mass spectrometry identification methods used in clinical laboratories cannot reliably distinguish it from .

Primary analysis of malignant neoplasm trends and demographics in hospitalized patients in Kashi prefecture from 2016 to 2023.

Objective: To analyze the ranking, composition, trend changes, and distribution by gender and ethnicity of malignant neoplasms in hospitalized patients in the Kashi prefecture from 2016 to 2023. This analysis aims to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of malignant neoplasms, screening programs, public education, medical resource allocation, and the development of hospital developments in the Kashi prefecture.

Methods: We collected the front-page data of medical records for malignant neoplasm patients from 2016 to 2023 at four comprehensive hospitals in the Kashi prefecture, and analyze the ranking, composition, and trend changes of diseases among hospitalized patients with malignant neoplasms.

Performance comparison of quantitative and qualitative fecal immunochemical tests in community-based colorectal cancer screening.

Background And Aims: The quantitative fecal immunochemical test (qnFIT) provides details of hemoglobin concentration, allowing for the adjustment of the positivity threshold to align with specific colorectal cancer (CRC) screening objectives. However, the superiority of qnFIT over qualitative fecal immunochemical test (qlFIT) extensively utilized throughout China is not thoroughly investigated.

Methods: 7097 residents were enrolled for the project, of which 5841 participants aged 50-74-year-old completed both qlFIT and qnFIT.

Evaluations of Community-based Healthcare Management for Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis - Shanghai Municipality, China, 2012-2023.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Current strategies for chronic viral hepatitis prevention and control include immunization, prevention of mother-to-child transmission, expanded testing, antiviral therapy, and national drug price negotiations. To advance high-quality, integrated prevention and treatment services, a decentralized service delivery approach may be beneficial.

What Is Added By This Report?: The chronic viral hepatitis community-based healthcare management program in Shanghai delivered comprehensive service packages across 4 categories encompassing 10 distinct interventions, including epidemiological investigation, health education, free testing, community dispensing services, and immunization to family caregivers.

Clade Ib Mpox Virus: How Can We Respond?

In recent years, mpox virus Clade Ib has emerged as a significant global public health threat due to its rapid transmission and potential for severe disease outcomes. This strain was first identified in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in September 2023 and began spreading to neighboring African countries by July 2024. It was subsequently imported through international travel to 12 non-African countries across Asia, Europe, and the Americas.

Trends in cancer incidence and mortality in the process of metropolitanization of Shanghai, 1973-2017.

Background: Shanghai has become a modern and international metropolis. A more comprehensive understanding of cancer incidence and mortality rates and socioenvironmental factors is explored to develop effective cancer control policies in Shanghai.

Methods: Cancer registration data are currently collected in Shanghai from 1973 to 2017, and socioenvironmental factors were obtained from the Shanghai statistical yearbook.

Independent and Interactive Effects of Air Pollutants, Meteorological Factors, and Green Space on Tuberculosis Incidence in Shanghai.

Objective: To assess the independent and combined effects of air pollutants, meteorological factors, and greenspace exposure on new tuberculosis (TB) cases.

Methods: TB case data from Shanghai (2013-2018) were obtained from the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Environmental data on air pollutants, meteorological variables, and greenspace exposure were obtained from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center.

Chemical carcinogenicity of neodymium nitrate in AML12 hepatocytes: Dose-response metabolomics and sensitive biomarker identification.

This study aims to investigate the chemical carcinogenic toxicity of neodymium nitrate (Nd(NO)) in mouse hepatocytes AML12 using dose-response metabolomics. Specifically, our objectives are to: Identify key metabolites that respond to Nd(NO) exposure. Elucidate the mechanisms underlying Nd(NO)-induced liver toxicity.

Assessing barriers and facilitators of attitudes toward seasonal influenza vaccination among pregnant women using the Health Belief Model.

Pregnant women are at elevated risk of severe influenza-related complications and maternal influenza vaccination protects mothers and infants. Nevertheless, the global maternal influenza vaccination rates remain critically low. This cross-sectional survey, conducted in Shanghai during 2023-2024, applied the Health Belief Model (HBM) to evaluate the attitudes and determinants of seasonal influenza vaccination among 3219 pregnant women.

Impact of detection rate and preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection on the future burden of tuberculosis among students in shanghai: a predictive study using Markov modeling.

Background: Students represent a key demographic for tuberculosis (TB) control in China. This study utilizes a dynamic Markov model to forecast the epidemiological trends of active tuberculosis (ATB) among students in Shanghai through 2035 and evaluate the effectiveness of different control strategies.

Methods: A Markov model incorporating six distinct states of TB transmission was utilized to simulate disease dynamics within a hypothetical cohort of 100,000 individuals.

Temporal variation in the association between heatwave and mortality from mental disorders: population-based evidence from a megacity of China.

Background: Prolonged hot weather poses a threat to mental health. However, little is known about whether patients with mental disorders have adapted to prolonged hot weather, namely a heatwave. We aimed to analyse temporal patterns in the effect of heatwaves on mental disorders and decompose the effect of heatwave components.

Mixed infections and heteroresistance of among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in China: a genomic epidemiology study.

Mixed infection refers to the presence of multiple strains within one host, while heteroresistance denotes the coexistence of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant strains or genotypes. Mixed infections and heteroresistance with can complicate drug resistance diagnosis, treatment options, and transmission inference. We conducted a population-based genomic epidemiological study of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Shanghai, China, between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2018, to evaluate the prevalence and impact of mixed infection and heteroresistance on MDR-TB diagnosis and treatment outcomes.

Immunogenicity and safety study of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine revaccination among elderly individuals aged 60-70 years in Shanghai, China.

Background: To understand the immunogenicity and safety of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in elderly individuals aged 60-70 years in Shanghai after revaccination.

Methods: A total of 330 elderly people aged 60-70 years were recruited to study the immunogenicity and safety of PPSV23 revaccination. The group with a history of PPSV23 vaccination and an interval of 5 years or more was selected as the revaccination group (n=220), and the group without any pneumococcal vaccine was selected as the first vaccination group (n=110).

Engaging Broader Stakeholders to Accelerate Group A Vaccine Development.

Group A (GAS) imposes a significant global health burden across all age groups, annually causing over 600 million cases of pharyngitis and more than 18 million severe invasive infections or sequelae. The resurgence of scarlet fever globally and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) outbreaks in Japan have brought GAS infections back into the spotlight as a pressing global health concern. Unfortunately, no licensed vaccine against GAS is yet available for clinical use.

Efficacy of estradiol-dydrogesterone and auto-crosslinked hyaluronan gel in preventing intrauterine adhesions following missed miscarriage curettage: a retrospective observational study.

Objective: Curettage is a common treatment for missed abortion (MA). However, intrauterine adhesions (IUA) are a major postoperative problem that can lead to infertility and menstrual abnormalities. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of estradiol-dydrogesterone (ED), auto-crosslinked hyaluronan (AH) gel, and their combination in preventing IUA following MA curettage.

Distribution and Determinants of Antibiotic Self-Medication: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chinese Residents.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a critical global health threat, with inappropriate antibiotic self-medication (ASM) being a key contributor. China-as the world's largest antibiotic consumer-faces significant challenges despite regulatory efforts, compounded by limited contemporary data during the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted using the 2021 China Family Health Index Survey ( = 11,031 participants across 120 cities).