Mineral-Armored Structure Enhanced the Stability of Polyethylene Microplastics Rather Than Polylactic Acid Microplastics: A Long-Term Natural Aging Study.

The aging of microplastics (MPs) depends on their surrounding environment and has significant implications for their environmental behavior and ecological risks. However, there are limited data on the long-term aging of MPs in different natural environments. The natural aging characteristics of polyethylene MPs (PE-MPs) and polylactic acid MPs (PLA-MPs) exposed to air, soil surface, and subsurface conditions for 6 and 12 months, respectively, were evaluated.

Size-segregated emission characteristics and associated toxicity of polycyclic aromatic compounds from agricultural machinery.

Non-road agricultural machinery (AM) emissions now exceed road vehicles as major atmospheric particulate contributors in China. Though recent changes to fuels and emission standards have been implemented, their effects on particle size-resolved chemical compositions and public health impacts remain poorly understood. This study systematically analyzed the particle size-resolved polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) chemical composition from 5 AM, evaluating the impacts of fuel type (diesel B0, biodiesel B5/B20), emission standards (stage II/III), and working status (idling, moving, working) on emission characteristics and health risks.

Genome-wide analysis of the AarPDR gene family in Artemisia argyi and its potential role in regulating terpenoids transport.

Background: The pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) proteins, which are full-sized ABCG transporters belonging to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family, play an indispensable role in regulating various physiological and developmental processes of plants. However, the PDR transporters and their functional roles in Artemisia argyi, a significant traditional medicinal plant in Asia, remain poorly understood.

Results: In this study, a total of 68 PDR genes, distributed across 17 chromosomes, were identified in the genome of Artemisia argyi and classified into five distinct subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis and domain types.

Broad-spectrum antiviral peptide targets infectious bronchitis virus S2 subunit to attenuate viral infection and transmission.

Blocking the membrane fusion function mediated by the S2 subunit 6-helix bundle (6-HB) structure is an effective strategy for treating coronavirus infections. However, the 6-HB structure of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) remains unclear, hindering the development of targeted drugs. In this study, we predicted the 6-HB structure of IBV via in silico and designed an antiviral peptide HR2P based on this structure.

Immunoevasion strategies for African swine fever virus: Modulation of antigen presentation pathways.

African swine fever virus (ASFV), a highly lethal pathogen, poses a catastrophic threat to global pork production. While some commercial vaccines exist, their availability remains regional limitations. This review investigates the mechanistic interplay between ASFV and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), with a particular focus on viral evasion strategies that disrupt antigen presentation pathways.

An Effective QoS-Aware Hybrid Optimization Approach for Workflow Scheduling in Cloud Computing.

Workflow scheduling in cloud computing is attracting increasing attention. Cloud computing can assign tasks to available virtual machine resources in cloud data centers according to scheduling strategies, providing a powerful computing platform for the execution of workflow tasks. However, developing effective workflow scheduling algorithms to find optimal or near-optimal task-to-VM allocation solutions that meet users' specific QoS requirements still remains an open area of research.

Association of platelet to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with coronary lesion severity in middle aged and elderly adults.

Unlabelled: The platelet to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR) serves as a novel marker reflecting systemic inflammation and lipid metabolism. However, the correlation between PHR and coronary artery lesions severity in middle-aged and elderly individuals remains unclear. Looking into the relationship between PHR and coronary artery lesions severity was the focus of this investigation in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Leveraging Strong Interfacial Interactions between MoS Nanoflowers and 3D Porous Carbon Networks for Enhancing Biomolecule Catalysis and Discrimination.

Electroactive biomolecules, dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA), as important biomarkers, often coexist in biological matrices. Due to their similar oxidation potentials, designing electrooxidation catalysts to efficiently detect and distinguish them and establishing structure-activity relationships remain a great bottleneck in the field of electrochemical sensing. Herein, an electrochemical sensor is designed by leveraging molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers embedded within 3D nitrogen-doped porous carbon networks (MoS@N-3DPC) for sensitive detection and discrimination of DA and UA.

Neuroinflammatory mechanism of Volatile oil from Acori graminei Rhizoma in tourette syndrome: GC-MS, network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by tics that significantly impair childhood development. Volatile oil from Acori graminei Rhizoma (VOA), known for its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, holds therapeutic potential for TS, though its molecular mechanisms remain undefined. In this study, VOA was extracted via hydrodistillation (yield: 1.

A case of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome associated with optic nerve coloboma and epiretinal membrane.

Purpose: To report the first case of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome associated with optic nerve coloboma and epiretinal membrane in Chinese patient.

Observations: A 12-year-old female presented with bilateral visual decline. Examination revealed a porcelain-white optic nerve coloboma and epiretinal membrane in the right eye.

Secondary pancreatic tumors in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy: Clinicopathologic characteristics and morphological diagnostic challenges.

Pancreatic metastases are rare and often difficult to diagnose, especially in limited tissue samples. However, accurate diagnosis is crucial for guiding appropriate clinical management. This study evaluates the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of pancreatic metastases, with a focus on morphological patterns that mimic common primary pancreatic tumors in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) specimens.

Precision scalpels for the epigenome: next-gen editing tools in targeted therapies.

This article reviews the fundamental concepts of epigenetics and its related mechanisms, and discusses recent advances in epigenetic gene editors and their applications in disease treatment. First, the article introduces the concept of epigenetic inheritance and the four main epigenetic mechanisms. Then, after briefly outlining traditional gene editing, it presents epigenetic gene editors, their associated tools, and the historical context of their development.

Deletion of PTHrP nuclear localization sequence and carboxyl terminus leads to lung dysplasia.

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is a factor that plays an important role in the growth and development of multiple organs. The role of PTHrP in lung development has not been characterized. In order to further investigate the in vivo functions of PTHrP nuclear localization sequence (NLS) and C-terminus, Professor Andrew Karaplis and Professor Dengshun Miao et al.

Evaluation of immunoprotective effects of PlpE multi-epitope protein incorporated within the aluminum hydroxide-adjuvanted inactivated vaccine against Pasteurella multocida infection in chickens.

Pasteurella multocida (Pm) is a major zoonotic pathogen that causes avian cholera in poultry, leading to significant economic losses. Although inactivated vaccines are commonly used, their immunogenicity is limited, highlighting the need for safer and more effective vaccine strategies. PlpE is a conserved antigen of Pm, making it a promising candidate for the development of subunit vaccines.

Ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical biosensor of amyloid-β oligomer detection via porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks enhanced by iron single-atom catalysts.

Accurate and sensitive detection of amyloid-β oligomer (AβO) is essential for understanding the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, an ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing platform was developed by integrating photoelectrically active porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks with Fe single-atom catalysts (Fe SACs) to enhance PEC signal. The Fe SACs demonstrate remarkable peroxidase-like activity, enabling them to oxidize 4-chloro-1-naphthol (4-CN) to generate insoluble 4-chloro-1-naphthol dimer (4-CD) precipitation on the photoelectrode surface.

Modulating Electronic Properties with sp-N Incorporation in Co-N-C Catalyst for Enhanced Performance in Zinc-Air Batteries.

The incorporation of sp-hybridized nitrogen arisen from graphdiyne (GDY) into the catalyst structure significantly improves the electrocatalytic efficiency of zinc-air batteries by modulating the electronic properties of the active sites, thereby accelerating reaction kinetics and enhancing conductivity. This work highlights the efficacy of the Co-N-GDY catalyst, where sp-N moieties in GDY serving as anchoring centers for cobalt species, which demonstrates exceptional performance in the oxygen reduction reaction, achieving a half-wave potential of 0.85 V, along with high oxygen evolution reaction performance that surpasses that of commercial Pt/C + IrO-based batteries.

Evaluating and improving the accuracy of pediatric infusion dose using PDCA combined with HPLC: a quality improvement study from China.

Background: Accurate formulation of an intravenous infusion is critical in ensuring its smooth implementation. However, in clinical practice, owing to the diverse reasons for drug preparation, some patients cannot obtain safe and accurate medications, especially in pediatric infusion rooms. Pediatric patients often experience adverse reactions as the dosage administered does not meet the requirements or exceeds the recommended dose.

Hepatic Histotripsy: Jet Ventilation Decreases the Effect of Respiratory Motion in A Porcine Liver Model.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) to reduce the effects of respiratory motion on the resultant treatment zone during hepatic histotripsy in an in vivo porcine model.

Materials And Methods: Non-tumor bearing swine (n = 6, 50.1 kg) underwent hepatic histotripsy with both HFJV and conventional ventilation (CV) in separate locations.

An Actor-Centric Perspective on the Dark Side of High Performance: Employee Job Performance, Psychological Entitlement and Unethical Behaviour.

The existing literature on job performance has largely neglected its effects on focal employees' behaviours. Taking an actor-centric perspective and drawing upon self-perception theory, this study explores whether, how, and when employee performance relates to unethical behaviour. Across two studies-a scenario-based experiment (Study 1) and a multi-wave field study (Study 2)-we test hypotheses (Study 2) and establish causality (Study 1).

Association of fibrinogen/albumin ratio and Castelli risk index 2 (CRI-2=LDL-C/HDL-C) with severity of coronary artery lesions in different glucose metabolism states.

Background: The fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR) is a novel inflammatory indicator correlating with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). An indicator of atherosclerosis is the Castelli Risk Index 2 (CRI-2=LDL-C/HDL-C). Yet, little research has focused on the link between both of indicators and CAD in different glucose metabolic states.

Ferrocene-functionalized COF-derived Fe single-atom dispersed N-doped porous carbon for enhanced electrochemical sensing of chloramphenicol.

Fe single-atom dispersed N-doped porous carbon (FeSA-NC) was synthesized using a ferrocene-functionalized covalent organic framework as the precursor. Experimental and theoretical results revealed that FeSA-NC possessed excellent catalytic activity and conductivity, enabling high-performance electrochemical sensing of chloramphenicol (CAP). The successfully CAP detection in milk, honey and tap water proved its practicability.

Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Ulcerative Colitis: a case-control study.

Introduction: Diet plays a crucial role in the activity and onset of ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study was to comprehensively explore the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and UC.

Methods: Participants completed the Food Frequency Questionnaire to obtain data on their dietary intake.

Meta-analysis of the diagnostic value of SOX1 methylation in different types of cervical cancer.

Objective: This meta-analysis evaluates the diagnostic value of SOX1 methylation across different cervical cancer types, including squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, to assess its efficacy as a biomarker.

Methods: We reviewed studies published up to March 2024, employing a PICOS-based search strategy in databases like PubMed and Web of Science. We included clinical studies providing diagnostic performance indicators while excluding non-clinical and small-sample studies.