Differences Between the Local and Migrant Populations in Healthcare Service Use and Direct Cost of Tuberculosis Treatment - Shanghai Municipality, China, 2020-2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Tuberculosis (TB) disproportionately affects socially vulnerable populations, particularly the migrant population. Shanghai has implemented a policy providing additional reimbursement for TB diagnosis and treatment beyond standard health insurance coverage for residents. However, comprehensive evidence on TB care utilization patterns and treatment costs remains limited, especially on the disparities between local and migrant populations.

Bacterial diversity and biomarkers screening of station and carriage surface in Shanghai metro system, China.

Background: Mass transit environments, such as the metro, can facilitate the spread of bacteria between humans and their surroundings. These environments are particularly important for human health due to their potential for spreading pathogens and their impact on large populations. To gain a deeper understanding of bacterial distribution in subways, it is essential to identify variables that affect bacterial composition and microorganisms that are probably harmful to human heath.

Geographic origins, transmission hotspots, and drug resistance mutations of HIV-1 CRF08_BC in Zhejiang Province, China.

Purpose: To understand the geographic origins, transmission hotspots, and drug resistance mutations (DRMs) of HIV-1 CRF08_BC in Zhejiang Province, China.

Methods: This study analyzed HIV-1 CRF08_BC pol sequences collected between 2020 and 2023. Bayesian inference was employed to investigate temporal epidemic trends, while HIV-TRACE and MCODE were used to identify transmission clusters (TCs), key hotspots and super-spreaders.

Comparative analysis of virulence in Listeria monocytogenes: Insights from genomic variations and in vitro cell-based studies.

Listeria monocytogenes is a significant foodborne pathogen capable of crossing the intestinal barrier and causing invasive listeriosis. This study focused on 37 L. monocytogenes strains isolated from food and clinical samples in the Shanghai region between 2020 and 2023.

Statistical Cure After Hepatectomy for Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Risk-Stratification Model.

Background: Statistical cure, defined as achieving life expectancy comparable with that of disease-free individuals, has not been specifically investigated in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC), which accounts for more than 50% of the global HCC burden. This study aimed to develop a cure model for HBV-HCC after hepatectomy using matched HBV carriers and the general population as reference groups.

Methods: From a Chinese multicenter database, HBV-HCC patients who underwent curative-intent hepatectomy were retrospectively reviewed.

Key toxicity enhancement effect of aqueous-phase secondary formation: Insights from hourly measurements during haze events.

Haze events pose substantial health risks, yet the link between the chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) and the exacerbated health impacts during such episodes remains unclear. This study conducted hourly off-line measurements of the chemical composition and oxidative potential (OP) of water-soluble fractions (WSF) of PM during three haze episodes in the North China Plain (NCP). Results revealed that water-soluble inorganic ions were the primary contributors to the increase in WSF mass (60.

Epidemiological and genomic insights of mcr-1-positive colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex strains from wastewater treatment plants in Shanghai.

The emergence of mcr-1-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex (MP-KpSC) poses a significant threat to public health due to its resistance to last-resort antibiotics like colistin. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, genomic characteristics, and transmission features of MP-KpSC in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Shanghai, China. A total of 13 (0.

Genetic characterization on the nucleoprotein and fusion gene of wild-type measles virus circulating in Shanghai, 2001-2022.

Measles is an acute and highly contagious viral disease that poses significant public health challenges globally. Since 2001, continuous virologic surveillance has been conducted in Shanghai, enabling a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the nucleoprotein (N gene) and fusion gene (F gene) of the measles virus (MeV) over a 21-year period. Between 2001 and 2022, there were a total of 1405 MeV strains isolated by the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and prevention (SCDC), including 6 strains of genotype D8, 8 strains of genotype B3, 12 strains of genotype H1b, and the remaining strains of genotype H1a.

[Genomic characteristics of extraintestinal pathogenic /ST88 and monophasic /ST34 in a patient with double bacteremia].

To analyze the genomic characteristics of patients with double bacteremia caused by extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC)/sequence type(ST)88 and monophasic (MST)/ST34. The clinical data of a female patient admitted to Shanghai Huashan Hospital on July 25, 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical diagnosis was pelvic abscess secondary to soft tissue infection, pulmonary infection and double bacteremia. The whole-genome sequencing results of the strains were ExPEC/ST88 and MST/ST34, respectively, with resistance to 15 antibiotics belonging to 8 classes for ExPEC/ST88 and 18 antibiotics belonging to 10 classes for MST/ST34.

[Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of population receiving assisted reproductive technology therapy and their offspring in Shanghai, 2011-2020].

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the population receiving assisted reproductive technology (ART) therapy and the health status of their offspring in Shanghai from 2011 to 2020. Based on the birth cohort of the entire population in Shanghai, the proportion and trend changes of ART offspring in the birth cohort were analyzed. The characteristics of ART and naturally conceived populations, including household registration, education level, maternal age, and reproductive history, were examined.

Rapid Detection of Perfluorodecanoic Acid and Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid in Foods Using a Molecularly Imprinted Poly(-phenylenediamine)/Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode.

In the current work, a modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with excellent conductivity was prepared by drop-coating carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the GCE surface. On this basis, two highly selective molecularly imprinted sensors (MIP@PFDA/modified GCE and MIP@PFOS/modified GCE) were separately obtained by in situ electropolymerization of o-phenylenediamine (-PD) with perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) as templates. Under optimal conditions, sensitive quantification methods in the linearity ranges 0.

Companion animals as sources of hazardous critically important antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli: Genomic surveillance in Shanghai.

This study provides the first comprehensive genomic surveillance of critically important antimicrobial (CIA)-resistant Escherichia coli in companion animals, addressing gaps in the understanding of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) transmission dynamics and the environmental dissemination of hazardous resistance genes within urban ecosystems. A total of 244 CIA-resistant Escherichia coli (CIA-EC) isolates were obtained from 730 anal swabs collected across 11 pet hospitals in Shanghai. High-risk zoonotic clones, such as ST410 and ST405, were identified across multiple districts, with bla-positive IncX3 plasmids demonstrating exceptional stability, efficient conjugation, and broad host adaptability.

Tas2r105 ameliorates gut inflammation, possibly through influencing the gut microbiota and metabolites.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated gastrointestinal disorder that significantly impacts the life quality of people worldwide. Genetic factors play crucial roles in the development of IBD. Tas2rs, members of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, are known for their roles in bitter taste perception.

Recent Progress of Mycotoxin in Various Food Products-Human Exposure and Health Risk Assessment.

Mycotoxins, as prevalent contaminants in the food chain, exhibit diverse toxicological effects on both animals and humans. Chronic dietary exposure to mycotoxin-contaminated foods may result in the bioaccumulation of these toxins, posing substantial public health risks. This review systematically examines the contamination patterns of mycotoxins across major food categories, including cereals and related products, animal-derived foods, fruits, and medical food materials.

Deoxynivalenol and Toxin Exposure and Health Effects Assessment of Pregnant Shanghai Women.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) and toxins (ATs) are two common types of mycotoxins in food. Although they are physiologically toxic to animals and various cell lines, data related to the exposure risks and health effects in the human population were still limited, especially for ATs. In this study, we combined food consumption data and human biomonitoring data of 200 pregnant volunteers from different districts of Shanghai to assess the exposure to DON and ATs.

The Association Between Shift Work and Lipid Health in Chinese Railway Workers: A Longitudinal Analysis of 6 Years.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal association between shift work and lipid health among railway workers.

Methods: Data from 1126 railway workers with at least two physical examinations from 2016 to 2021 were retrieved. Records of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were extracted, with dyslipidemia defined by Chinese guidelines.

Prevalence of hepatitis E virus in domestic animals in the Chinese mainland: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: China, especially the Chinese mainland, is a highly endemic area of hepatitis E, and its incidence rate has been increasing in recent years. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of hepatitis E, with a variety of domestic animals as potential hosts. The shift in the main epidemic strain and the increasing trend of zoonotic HEV infection in the Chinese mainland need urgent attention.

Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, resistance and virulence determinants of in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

() is recognized as a serious food contaminant that extensively results in foodborne diseases. Numerous studies have been conducted on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of , but there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of published data. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, antibiotic resistance, and virulence determinants of in China through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Treatment outcomes and key factors contributing to unfavourable outcomes among isoniazid-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Shanghai, China.

Objective: Given that more than 1 million people annually develop isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis (Hr-TB), the issue of Hr-TB may go unnoticed. However, limited studies have focused on the clinical treatment of Hr-TB in China, particularly regarding treatment outcomes and influencing factors. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes of Hr-TB patients in Shanghai from 2018 to 2021 and analyse the influencing factors, including demographic characteristics, clinical features, and treatment-related factors.

Contact patterns between index patients and their close contacts and assessing risk for COVID-19 transmission during different exposure time windows: a large retrospective observational study of 450 770 close contacts in Shanghai.

Introduction: To characterise age-mixing patterns among index cases and contacts of COVID-19, and explore when patients are most infectious during the disease process.

Methods: This study examined all initial 90 885 confirmed index cases in Shanghai and their 450 770 close contacts. A generalised additive mixed model was used to analyse the associations of the number of close contacts with different demographic and clinical characteristics.

Identification of the associations between co-exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and thyroid dysfunction and exposure risk factors in residents of Shanghai, China.

Toxicological studies indicate that organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) may cause thyroid dysfunction. However, population epidemiologic evidence is still limited and little is known about the effects of mixed exposures to OPFRs. This study included 436 community residents from Shanghai, China.

Associations of Cooking Salt Intake During Pregnancy with Low Birth Weight and Small for Gestational Age Newborns: A Large Cohort Study.

Excessive salt intake has been strongly associated with multiple health conditions, while evidence linking salt consumption during pregnancy and birth outcomes remains limited. We aimed to investigate the association between salt intake during pregnancy and adverse outcomes of birth weight. Our study was based on a prospective cohort study that has followed 4267 mother-child pairs since 2017 in Shanghai, China.

[Study on the pollution and influencing factors of legionella pneumophila in industrial circulating cooling tower].

To investigate the pollution status of legionella pneumophila of industrial circulating cooling towers, and explore the factors affecting the positive rate and quantity of legionella pneumophila, in order to provide data support for the risk assessment and hierarchical management of legionella pneumophila in workplaces. In February, May, August and October 2023, the cooling water samples were collected from a total of 20 industrial circulating cooling towers of 9 enterprises in an industrial park in Shanghai. The water temperature, free residual chlorine, total residual chlorine, turbidity, chroma, pH, conductivity, chemical oxygen consumption, iron content and total plate count in the water samples were detected.

Association of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Ambient Temperature Variation in Shanghai, China: Beyond Air Quality Index PM.

Evidence from megacity registry data regarding the independent association between ambient temperature and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, after accounting for Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM), remains scarce. In this study, we collected 308,116 CVD mortality cases in Shanghai from 2015 to 2020.