Unveiling Condensed Aromatic Amines as Noteworthy Genotoxic Components in PM Dissolved Organic Matter.

The potential of PM to cause lung cancer has been well established; however, evidence regarding which specific components are responsible remains limited. We investigated dissolved organic matter (DOM) in PM using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and cellular DNA damage assays to elucidate molecular composition and sources of carcinogenic components. Our analysis revealed hundreds of genotoxic compounds, with condensed aromatic amines predominating in number, abundance, and contribution to overall genotoxicity.

Activating the Oxygen Evolution Performance of NiCuFe by Phosphorus Doping.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER), a critical yet kinetically sluggish process in electrochemical water splitting, severely limits efficient hydrogen production. Herein, a simple one-step dynamic hydrogen bubble templated electrodeposition technique is used to prepare a self-supported 3D porous NiCuFeP catalyst with outstanding OER performance. In 1.

Revisiting the Synthesis of Tetramethoxyindolo[3,2-]indole Derivatives and the Study of Their Photoinduced Radical Formation in Halogenated Solvents.

We previously reported that the attempt to synthesize tetramethoxyindolo[3,2-]indole led to an undefined product. Now, it is confirmed that its instability is derived from the one-electron transfer from the tetramethoxyindolo[3,2-]indole derivatives to halogenated solvents under ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) light irradiation, forming a stable indolo[3,2-]indole radical cation while causing the carbon-halogen (C-X, X = Cl, Br, I) bond scission.

High-Performance Zirconium Disilicide Ceramics Fabricated via High-Pressure and High-Temperature Sintering.

Zirconium disilicide (ZrSi) ceramics have excellent physical and chemical properties and are employed in aerospace, energy, and chemical industries. Currently, the preparation and properties of ZrSi ceramics have been less studied. To comprehensively study the characteristics of ZrSi ceramics, in this study, dense bulk ZrSi ceramic samples are successfully prepared by the high-pressure-high-temperature (HPHT) sintering technique.

Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Cross-Coupling/Retro-Claisen Reaction of CF-Substituted β-Diketones with -Difluorocyclopropanes.

A palladium-catalyzed cascade coupling/retro-Claisen reaction of CF-substituted β-diketones with readily available -difluorocyclopropanes has been developed. This methodology allows for the expedient synthesis of γ-fluorinated γ,δ-unsaturated ketones in a one-pot procedure with a broad scope and good to excellent yields.

Investigation into the Regulation of Ag NPs/ZnO NRs/GaN Heterostructure SERS Substrate via Pyroelectric Effects.

Heterostructures have emerged as promising contenders for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. Nevertheless, the construction of a composite SERS substrate with well-matched energy levels persists as a challenge, primarily due to the restricted selection of SERS-active materials. In this study, we successfully synthesized a Ag nanoparticles (NPs)/ZnO nanorods (NRs)/GaN heterojunction featuring type II staggered energy bands, which provides an outstanding platform for efficient SERS detection.

High Current Gain Endowed by Heterojunction Engineering Coupling Interfacial Molecular Modulation: A Low-Ascorbic Acid-Dependent Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor Aptasensing Platform.

To balance the "detection sensitivity" and "device stability" of the organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) aptasensors, it has become an urgent challenge for achieving effective signal modulation under low ascorbic acid (AA) conditions. To address this, our work proposed a collaborative optimization strategy by coupling heterojunction engineering with interfacial molecular modulation, to endow a high current gain of OPECT with low-AA -dependence. First, a CdZnS-SnInS heterojunction gate was constructed by in situ growth of CdZnS quantum dots (QDs) on SnInS nanoflowers, which enhanced the light trapping ability and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photoactive gate.

Mapping multitissue regulatory variants reveals a liver-centric coexpression network associated with duck egg-laying performance.

Poultry egg production is shaped by the intertwined action of multiple physiological systems, greatly magnifying the complexity of its underlying genetic regulation. Although multitissue mapping of regulatory variants offers a powerful route to untangle this complexity, comprehensive data sets in ducks remain scarce. Meanwhile, the contributions of peripheral systems beyond neuroendocrine regulation on poultry egg production are still largely unexplored.

enhances oligodendrocyte differentiation via nonsense-mediated mRNA decay of variant transcripts.

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a conserved RNA surveillance mechanism that degrades transcripts with premature termination codons (PTCs) and finetunes gene expression by targeting RNA transcripts with other NMD inducing features. This study demonstrates that conditional knockout of , a key NMD component, in oligodendrocyte lineage cells disrupts the degradation of PTC-containing transcripts, including aberrant variants of the RNA-binding protein The loss of SMG5 in both sexes of mice impaired oligodendrocyte differentiation, reduced myelin gene expression, and led to thinner myelin sheaths and compromised motor function in mice. Mechanistically, HNRNPL was shown to regulate the alternative splicing of myelin-associated genes and , and promote oligodendrocyte differentiation.

Mixed functional consequences of the N651D variant: a case of early-onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with parkinsonism.

Rare variants in , the gene encoding the GluA3 subunit of amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs), are associated with defects in early brain development. Disease-causing variants are generally categorised as either loss of function (LoF) or gain of function (GoF) that appear to be linked to different symptoms. Here, we reported a de novo variant (N651D) that has mixed LoF and GoF in a female patient with a devastating developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, parkinsonism and cortical malformation.

Causal associations of mood swings with preterm birth: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Mood swings are associated with an elevated risk of preterm birth. However, the causal relationships between them still remain unclear.

Methods: We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to clarify the association between mood swings and preterm birth.

Graded nomograms based on perioperative parameters for predicting New-Onset severe acute kidney injury following liver transplantation in patients with normal preoperative renal function: the SALT scale.

This study aimed to develop a predictive model and construct a graded nomogram to estimate the risk of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients without preexisting kidney dysfunction undergoing liver transplantation (LT). Patients undergoing LT between January 2022 and June 2023 were prospectively screened. Severe AKI was defined as Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes stage 3.

Myokines and osteokines in aging-related degenerative diseases: Regulatory networks in the muscle-bone-brain axis.

This review summarizes the biological properties of key myokines (Irisin, Apelin, CLCF1, and Myostatin) and osteokines (Osteocalcin, Sclerostin, FGF23 and the RANKL/OPG system). This work provides an in-depth analysis of the age-related network imbalance mechanism characterized by "downregulation of protective factors (Irisin, CLCF1, and uncarboxylated Osteocalcin) - upregulation of pro-degenerative factors (Myostatin, Sclerostin, and FGF23) - inflammation-driven amplification", and reveals the mechanism by which this network imbalance contributes to the comorbidity of sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, the review evaluates the intersecting regulatory networks and molecular pathways through which myo-osteogenic factors modulate neurotrophic factors (BDNF, NGF and GDNF), and proposes intervention strategies based on these intersecting regulatory networks.

Impact of orthokeratology lens decentration on axial length growth in Chinese myopic children: A meta-analysis.

Background: Orthokeratology (OK) lenses have become a prevalent intervention for myopia control. However, lens decentration, a frequent complication, may influence the efficacy of myopia control. The aim of this study was to systematically assess the impact of OK lens decentration on axial length growth (ALG) in Chinese myopic children through a meta-analysis.

A distributed time-varying neurodynamic algorithm for multi-UAV collaborative target tracking problem in maritime search and rescue.

This work investigates the problem of collaborative target tracking by multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in maritime search and rescue. A class of time-varying (TV) convex optimization problems with inequality constraints is presented. In contrast to existing studies that address UAV-based maritime search and rescue under fixed wind speed conditions, this study also explores collaborative target tracking by UAVs under varying wind speed conditions.

Cooperative active disturbance rejection motion control of multi-manipulator based on mechanical-electrical-hydraulic joint simulation.

Multi-arm rock drilling robots frequently encounter challenges in extreme environments, such as tunnels, where they are subjected to high-frequency impact loads, multi-degree-of-freedom motion coupling, and large-range motion control vibrations. First, we propose a collision-free path planning method that combines an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) and an improved artificial potential field method. This method is based on the kinematic model of the rock drilling robot.

Oxytocin-mediated empathy internally facilitates cooperative behaviors in rats.

Reciprocity is considered one of the vital mechanisms that sustain the evolution of cooperative behavior. However, free-riding, where assistance is received but not reciprocated, poses a serious threat to reciprocity behavior, which relies on future payback. Previous theories proposed that third-party punishment plays a vital role in preventing free-riding behavior.

Insufficient telomeric DNA damage response promotes chromosomal instability in aged oocytes.

Increased chromosomal instability impairs oocyte quality, contributing to female reproductive aging. The telomeric DNA damage response (DDR) is essential for genomic stability; however, how oocytes respond to telomeric damage remains elusive. Here, we observed that aged human germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes accumulated telomeric DNA damage.

Tracing the possible origins of the clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx viruses from India.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) clade 2.3.4.

Ambient temperature and coronary plaque rupture risk in STEMI: Insights from OCT analysis.

Background And Aims: Cold weather is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, but its impact on culprit plaque characteristics in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains unclear.

Methods: This study included 647 STEMI patients who underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess untreated culprit lesions. Participants were grouped based on ambient temperature on the day of admission or mean ambient temperatures over the preceding 7-, 14-, 21-, and 28-day periods.

Ultrasound-Stimulated BMSCs Promote Regenerative Healing in Refractory Foot Ulcer by Paracrine Effect.

Objective: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common and serious complication of diabetes, often leading to infection, amputation and poor quality of life. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have shown promise in treating chronic wounds, but their therapeutic efficacy is limited due to poor survival and low regenerative activity. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIUS), a non-invasive physical modality, has been shown to enhance the biological behavior of BMSCs.