An ultrasensitive biosensor for H1N1 virus coupled with 3D spherical DNA nanostructure and CRISPR-Cas12a.

To achieve ultrasensitive and real-time detection of the H1N1 influenza virus, this study designed a nucleic acid-free fluorescent biosensor based on 3D spherical DNA nanostructure and CRISPR/Cas12a (3D-SDNC). The biosensor constructs a rigid 3D nano-framework via self-assembly of six oligonucleotide chains, with H1N1-specific nucleic acid aptamers and Cas12a activator strands strategically positioned at multi-spined vertices for precise spatial coupling between viral recognition and signal transduction. Upon aptamer-virus binding, the induced conformational change liberates the activator strand, thereby activating the trans-cleavage activity of the Cas12a/crRNA complex to efficiently cleave the HEX/BHQ1 double-labeled fluorescent probe and initiate cascade signal amplification.

Identification and antiviral mechanism of a novel chicken-derived interferon-related antiviral protein targeting PRDX1.

In this study, we identified a new chicken-specific protein, named chicken interferon-related antiviral protein (chIRAP) after sequence analysis and comparison, which inhibited the proliferation of various viruses including influenza A virus (IAV) and Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in vitro, and chicken embryos with high expression of chIRAP reduced IAV infection. Mass spectrometry analysis of chIRAP interacting proteins and screening of interacting proteins affecting the function of chIRAP revealed that the deletion of endogenous chicken peroxiredoxin 1 (chPRDX1) significantly reduced the antiviral effect of chIRAP. In order to clarify the functional site of chPRDX1 affecting the antiviral effect of chIRAP, we constructed the point mutants of chPRDX1 based on the results of molecular docking (D79A, T90A, K93A, Q94A, R110A, R123A), and screened the sites affecting the antiviral effects of chIRAP by knockdown of endogenous chPRDX1 combined with the overexpression mutant strategy, the results showed that the mutations in the sites affected the antiviral effects of chIRAP to different degrees, with D79A being the most significant, and the D79A mutation of chPRDX1 reduces the ability of chPRDX1 to regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Hnf4α integrates AIF and caspase 3/9 signaling to restrict single and coinfecting pathogens in teleosts.

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (Hnf4α), a conserved nuclear receptor central to vertebrate liver development and metabolic regulation, emerges here as a pivotal immune regulator in teleosts against complex infectious threats. While its metabolic roles are well-established, Hnf4α's function in bacterial infection, viral infection, and bacterial-viral coinfection-major challenges in global aquaculture-remained uncharacterized. This study reveals that teleost Hnf4α acts as a dual-functional immune checkpoint, essential for combating Aeromonas salmonicida, grass carp reovirus (GCRV), and their coinfection.

Analysis of flavor formation and metabolite changes during production of Double-Layer Steamed Milk Custard made from buffalo milk.

Double-Layer Steamed Milk Custard (DLSMC) is a famous traditional Chinese dessert. This study aimed to analyze the flavor and the changes in metabolites during different stages of DLSMC preparation, including raw buffalo milk, thermo-processing, first and second-layer milk skin formation. Electronic nose and electronic tongue were employed to preliminarily assess the overall flavor characteristics between these stages.

Diverse biofilm-forming represent twelve novel species isolated from glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau.

The family , encompassing the genus and related taxa, comprises diverse Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in varied habitats, including air, soil, water and glaciers. Recent genomic-based taxonomic revisions have reclassified some species into new genera, such as and , due to polyphyletic relationships within the family . Certain species are known for forming biofilms or functioning as aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria, traits that enhance resilience in extreme environments like the cryosphere.

Genome-wide identification analysis of aldo-keto reductase gene family in cotton and GhAKR40 role in salt stress tolerance.

In this study, a comprehensive genome-wide identification and analysis of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) gene family was performed to explore the role of Gossypium hirsutumAKR40 under salt stress in cotton. A total of 249 AKR genes were identified with uneven distribution on the chromosomes in four cotton species. The diversity and evolutionary relationship of the cotton AKR gene family was identified using physio-chemical analysis, phylogenetic tree construction, conserved motif analysis, chromosomal localization, prediction of cis-acting elements, and calculation of evolutionary selection pressure under 300 mM NaCl stress.

Modification of nifL-nifA operon of Klebsiella oxytoca improves N-fixation efficiency, ammonium-excretion and plant-growth promotion ability.

Klebsiella oxytoca is a N-fixing bacterium whose nif (nitrogen fixation) gene expression is controlled by the two antagonistic regulatory proteins NifA and NifL encoded by the nifLA operon. NifA is a transcriptional activator, while NifL inhibits the transcriptional activity of NifA. In order to develop an improved K.

Perspectives on two major bioactives in ginger, 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol, focusing on the metabolic fate and bioactivities.

Ginger, a globally cultivated spice and medicinal herb, is renowned for its health benefits and distinctive flavor. As ginger's main pungent and bioactive components, 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol share similar physicochemical properties and can be obtained by extraction from ginger or chemical synthesis. After oral ingestion, the biological fate of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol are influenced by processes including absorption, biotransformation, distribution, and excretion.

Roots: metabolic architects of beneficial microbiome assembly.

The increasing demand for sustainable agricultural practices has driven a renewed interest in plant-microbiome interactions as a basis for the next "green revolution." Central to these interactions are root-derived metabolites that act as mediators of microbial recruitment and function. Plants exude a chemically diverse array of compounds that influence the assembly, composition, and stability of the root microbiome.

Integrating hotspot dynamics and centers of diversity: a review of Indo-Australian Archipelago biogeographic evolution and conservation.

The Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA) is the world's preeminent marine biodiversity hotspot, distinguished by its exceptional species richness in tropical shallow waters. This biodiversity has spurred extensive research into its evolutionary and biogeographic origins. Two prominent theoretical frameworks dominate explanations for the IAA's biodiversity: the "centers-of hypotheses" and the "hopping hotspot hypothesis".

Effects of dietary digestible energy levels on growth performance, intestinal function, carcass traits, meat quality and blood biochemical parameters of Ningxiang pigs.

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of changing the digestible energy (DE) level of the diet on the growth performance, intestinal function, carcass traits, meat quality and blood biochemical indices of Ningxiang pigs, and to comprehensively identify the lipid molecules in the abdominal fat of Ningxiang pigs through lipidomics technology to evaluate the pork quality. The experiment selected 225 castrated Ningxiang pigs (47.64 ± 0.

Dietary capsaicin supplementation improves production performance and intestinal health of laying hens by regulating intestinal microbiota.

Capsaicin exhibits diverse bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and modulation of the intestinal microbiota. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different doses of dietary capsaicin supplementation on the production performance, egg quality and intestinal health of laying hens. A total of 480 forty-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens with similar body condition and comparable egg production rates were randomly divided into four treatment groups with 6 replicates of 20 hens each, and each group was offered diets supplemented with 0, 120, 240 or 360 mg/kg capsaicin for 8 weeks.

Research advances in SERS-based sensing platforms for multiplex mycotoxin detection in feed.

Mycotoxins in feed can pose significant risks to the health of livestock and poultry, leading to reduced economic returns and impaired production efficiency, thereby impeding the sustainable development of the livestock industry. Consequently, the exploration of highly sensitive, simple and rapid detection methods for trace mycotoxins in feed is crucial for ensuring feed safety and promoting industrial sustainability. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), a rapid detection method characterized by high sensitivity, ease of operation, and resistance to water interference, has gained substantial traction in mycotoxin detection within feed matrices in recent years.

Ecological effects of C3 in kiwifruit rhizosphere soil and its prevention and control against root rot disease.

As the world's largest producer of kiwifruit, China faces significant yield and quality losses due to the widespread occurrence of kiwifruit root rot. To explore alternative biological control strategies for kiwifruit root rot, this study isolated 11 fungal isolates from diseased kiwifruit roots and identified as the primary pathogen. Additionally, a biocontrol strain, C3, was isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy kiwifruit and shown to significantly inhibit pathogen growth.

Can quinoa () replace traditional cereals under current climate scenarios?

Agriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate change and crop production is severely hampered by climate extremes. Not only does it cost growers over US$170Bln in lost production, but it also has major implications for global food security. In this study, we argue that, under current climate scenarios, agriculture in the 21 century will become saline, severely limiting (or even making impossible) the use of traditional cereal crops for human caloric intake.

Characterization and expression analysis of transcription factors in unveil their critical roles in salt stress resistance.

Introduction: Transcription factors (TFs) are essential regulators of gene expression, orchestrating plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. , a halophytic species renowned for its exceptional salt resistance, provides an ideal model for investigating the regulatory mechanisms underlying salt tolerance.

Methods: Here, we present a comprehensive genome-wide identification and characterization of TFs in .

Real-time and resource-efficient banana bunch detection and localization with YOLO-BRFB on edge devices.

Reliable detection and spatial localization of banana bunches are essential prerequisites for the development of autonomous harvesting technologies. Current methods face challenges in achieving high detection accuracy and efficient deployment due to their structural complexity and significant computational demands. This study proposes YOLO-BRFB, a lightweight and precise system designed for detection and 3D localization of bananas in orchard environments.

One-time double-layer placement of controlled-release urea enhances wheat yield, nitrogen use efficiency and mitigates NO emissions.

Simultaneously enhancing the crop yield and reducing nitrous oxide (NO) emissions presents a critical challenge in sustainable agriculture. The application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is a key strategy to enhance crop yield. However, conventional N application practices often lead to excessive soil N accumulation, insufficient crop N uptake and elevated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

Integrated CRISPR-Cas12a and RAA one-pot visual strategy for the rapid identification of subspecies .

Strangles, a highly contagious disease caused by subspecies (), significantly impacts horse populations worldwide, with Iceland as the only exception. This disease poses serious threats to equine health and results in considerable economic losses. Consequently, the accurate, sensitive, and rapid detection of from clinical samples is essential for early warning and effective disease management.

Ambroxol hydrochloride as an antibiofilm agent synergizes with tetracycline antibiotics against mature biofilms of multidrug-resistant .

Multidrug-resistant (MDR-KP) is a major pathogen responsible for hospital-acquired infections, associated with high morbidity and mortality. Biofilm formation plays a key role in the pathogenicity of MDR-KP and contributes significantly to its antibiotic resistance, substantially impairing the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapies. To enhance the efficacy of existing antibiotics, this study investigates a biofilm-targeting synergistic strategy inspired by the structural similarity between sputum and biofilm matrices.

Roasting pretreatment reduces retort odor formation in green tea beverages: Evidence from chemometrics and sensory evaluation.

Aroma degradation is a pivotal technical challenge restricting the development of tea beverages. Addressing the aroma stability is a pressing issue for the tea beverage industry. In this study, the effect of roasting raw materials on the formation of retort odor in green tea beverages was assessed using chemometrics and sensory evaluation.

Microbial community structure analysis and screening of dominant strains in Guizhou white sour soup: enhancing safety, improving flavor, and shortening fermentation cycle.

White sour soup (WSS) is a traditional fermented food from Guizhou, China. To address the issues of long fermentation cycles, inconsistent quality, and safety risks, this study screened core strains based on microbial diversity. Analysis of 20 WSS samples revealed , , and as dominant genera, with eight harmful microorganisms detected in naturally fermented samples.

Amplified electrochemical detection of sulfadiazine based on Cu-BTC-encapsulated FeNi dual-atom catalysts with improved catalytic efficiency.

The amplification of detection signals is an important method for improving the sensitivity of electrochemical detection. This study presents an efficient strategy for preparing electrochemical catalytic materials using a simple self-assembly technique to encapsulate Fe single atoms (Fe-SAs) and Ni single atoms (Ni-SAs) in the Cu-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (Cu-BTC) metal-organic framework to form a Cu-BTC@FeNi-SAs catalytic system. Subsequently, Cu-BTC@FeNi-SAs was modified on the surface of a gold electrode, and sulfadiazine was used as a template to prepare a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) on the modified electrode.

Multi-omics reveal developmental stage-specific adaptations of Tropilaelaps mercedesae to the honeybee host.

The ectoparasitic honeybee (Apis mellifera) mite Tropilaelaps mercedesae represents a serious threat to Asian apiculture and a growing concern for global beekeeping due to its high reproductive capacity and host adaptability. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying its host adaptation across life stages remain poorly characterized. Here, we performed integrated transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses of female mites at 4 key postembryonic developmental stages: protonymphs, deutonymphs, mature adults, and reproductive adults.

Enantioselective hepatotoxicity of rac- epoxiconazole and epoxiconazole enantiomers in lizards (Eremias argus).

Epoxiconazole (EPX) is widely applied to control various fungal diseases in crops. However, the toxicological effects of EPX on reptiles remain unknown, especially at the enantiomer level. In this study, lizards were repeatedly exposed to rac-EPX, (+)-EPX, and (-)-EPX at doses of 10 and 100 mg/kg bw for 21 days.