[Significance of respiratory event duration in evaluating nocturnal hypoxemia and disease severity in adults with obstructive sleep apnea].

To analyze the correlation between respiratory event duration and nocturnal oxygen saturation (SpO) in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to explore its significance in assessing nocturnal hypoxemia and OSA severity. A prospective study was conducted on adult OSA patients diagnosed via overnight standard polysomnography (PSG) at the Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June 2019 to December 2023. Data collected included demographic information, PSG reports, scale scores, and comorbidities.

Alterations in diaphragmatic activity preceding and during intermittent hypoxaemia events in preterm infants.

Objective: To assess the activity of the diaphragm using electromyography (dEMG) prior and during apnoea-induced intermittent hypoxaemia (IH) events in preterm infants DESIGN: A single-centre observational study.

Setting: Neonatal intensive care unit.

Patients: Preterm infants (<32 weeks of gestation) experiencing IH events with a frequency of >1/hour METHODS: Heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO) and dEMG were measured for 24 hours.

Dual-Probe Strategy-Enabled Multiplex Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Highly Sensitive Screening of Diabetes and Related Complications.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing has emerged as a vital tool in disease surveillance and therapeutic monitoring. However, most current PEC platforms are constrained to single biomarker detection, limiting their utility in comprehensive disease management. In this study, we report the development of a dual-target PEC biosensor by integrating silane molecules and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with carbon nitride materials, specifically designed for monitoring diabetes and its associated complication, uremia.

Importance of screening for contrast sensitivity, falls, and mobility limitations in older adults with maculopathy.

Objective: Assess the potential value of adding questions on falls/balance difficulties due to vision loss and testing contrast sensitivity in patients with maculopathy (mainly age-related macular degeneration, AMD) to help guide referral for mobility rehabilitation.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: 125 patients over 55 years old with binocular maculopathy and intact peripheral vision presenting for a low vision rehabilitation consultation.

Network analysis of proactive health behaviors, parent-adolescent communication, and depressive symptoms among adolescents in China.

Background: Prior research has suggested that depressive symptoms are associated with proactive health behaviors and parent-adolescent communication in adolescents. However, few studies have examined the dynamic interplay among these constructs. This study aimed to explore the complex network relationships among adolescents' proactive health behaviors, parent-adolescent communication, and depressive symptoms.

A hydrogel-based nanoparticles sustained-release system selectively targeting pro-inflammatory microglia for spinal cord injury repair.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in irreversible neurological deficits, primarily due to chronic neuroinflammation driven by activated proinflammatory microglia. Effective therapeutic interventions require both precise targeting of pathological immune cells and sustained modulation of the inflammatory microenvironment. Here, we present a cell specific, hydrogel-based nanoparticle system (MG1-MM@Candesartan-Gel) designed for the selective and prolonged delivery of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) antagonist Candesartan to proinflammatory microglia.

Mechanisms for fibrate lipid-lowering drugs in enhancing bladder cancer immunotherapy by inhibiting CD276 expression.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the growth-inhibitory effects of fibrate lipid-lowering drugs on bladder cancer cells and their underlying mechanisms, with a focus on exploring how fenofibrate (FNF) exerts antitumor effects by regulating mitochondrial function, the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, and the immune regulatory molecule CD276.

Methods: The CCK-8 assay was used to determine the growth inhibition rates of FNF, bezafibrate (BZF), and clofibric acid (CLF) on MB49 cells and calculate their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activity assays, ADP/ATP ratio analysis, DCFH-DA fluorescent probe staining, and JC-1 staining were employed to evaluate the effects of FNF on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress.

Evaluation of SO₂ removal efficiency using a series non-thermal plasma reactor coupled with Ti₂ and ZnO photocatalysts.

SO is one of the major air pollutants affecting both the environment and human health. Controlling its emissions has become a critical goal for many countries. This study evaluates the performance of a combined system utilizing non-thermal plasma and photocatalysts for SO removal, with data analyzed through SPSS and R software.

Source apportionment and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of Dongping lake based on PCA-PMF model.

Accurately characterizing the spatial distribution of heavy metals in lake surface sediments, analyzing their sources, and identifying potential ecological risks are important scientific supports for lake ecosystem management. This study selected Dongping Lake, a typical inland shallow lake in the eastern region, as the research object. It systematically analyzed the distribution characteristics, source identification, and ecological risks of eight heavy metals (As, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Cr) in the sediments of Dongping Lake by employing a combination of statistical analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and positive matrix factorization (PMF) models, along with the enrichment factor method, geoaccumulation index method, and potential ecological risk assessment method.

Arterial stiffness and vascular aging: mechanisms, prevention, and therapy.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The central underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases are vascular aging and associated arterial stiffness. Arterial stiffness is characterized by structural (e.

Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities.

Rationale: Falls in care facilities are common events, causing considerable morbidity and mortality for older people. This is an update of a review on interventions in care facilities and hospitals first published in 2010 and updated in 2012 and 2018 on interventions in care facilities and hospitals. This review has now been split into separate reviews for each setting.

What role do traditional pharmacology textbooks play in medical students' education and exam preparation?

Textbooks have traditionally been a central component of medical education. However, with the rise of digital learning platforms such as AMBOSS and Via Medici, questions have arisen regarding the current relevance of traditional pharmacology textbooks in the study habits of medical students. This study aims to assess the extent to which textbooks are used for exam preparation, identify the most frequently used titles, and explore the factors influencing a shift toward alternative learning methods.

Enhanced One-Pot Cas12a-Based Nucleic Acid Detection via Epitope Insertion and Recruitment of Rad51.

The CRISPR-Cas12a system has emerged as a promising tool for nucleic acid-based diagnostics. However, its multi-step workflow and limited sensitivity hinder its integration into point-of-care testing (POCT). Here, the ECOT system (Engineered Cas12a for One-pot Test), a novel approach that combines protein engineering with one-pot detection, offering high sensitivity, specificity, and rapid response is introduced.

Design Strategies and Advanced Methods for Cathode Engineering in Aqueous Zinc-Iodine Batteries.

Aqueous zinc-iodine batteries (AZIBs) have attracted increasing attention as a safe, cost-effective, and sustainable energy storage solution. As the key component determining capacity and energy density, the iodine cathode faces persistent challenges, including polyiodide shuttling, high-valence iodine species hydrolysis, sluggish redox kinetics, and poor multi-electron utilization. Recent research efforts have focused on rational design of iodine cathodes to enhance iodine species confinement, promote reversible multi-electron redox reactions, and improve reaction kinetics.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Inhibition Alleviates Tourniquet-Induced Limb Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Tourniquet-induced limb ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can cause significant skeletal muscle damage, yet the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in this context remains poorly understood. In this study, a mouse model of hindlimb I/R injury was established by applying an orthodontic rubber band for 4 h, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. To investigate the involvement of ER stress and the therapeutic potential of sodium 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), a clinically available ER stress inhibitor, mice were pretreated with 4-PBA (40 or 100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) before ischemia.

Dual Doping of Ruthenium and Iridium in Octahedral Sites of Spinel CoO Nanoflowers for Enhanced PEM Water Electrolysis.

In acid proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), exploring highly active and durable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts remains a great challenge. Herein, a durable Ru and Ir co-doped spinel cobalt oxide (RuIr-CoO) nanoflower electrocatalyst with low precious metal loading (Ru 2.7 wt% and Ir 0.

Morphological changes in microglia in the mouse brain during postnatal development and obesity.

Microglia are innate immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and play critical roles in proper brain development and function. During postnatal development, microglia have a highly plastic morphology and change rapidly in response to the temporal brain environment. However, their dynamics and phenotypes during this period are still not fully elucidated.

Multi-Parametric MRI for Early Detection of Renal Fibrosis and Evaluation of Therapeutic Effect of Asiatic Acid in an Experimental Rat.

Objectives: Early diagnosis and timely treatment of renal fibrosis can improve the prognosis of patients with nephropathy. We aim to investigate the utility of multi-parametric MRI for evaluating early renal fibrosis and therapeutic efficacy in a rat model.

Methods: Eighty-four male SD rats receiving tail vein injection of adriamycin doxorubicin (ADR) to establish renal fibrosis models were utilized.

CircRERE promotes myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by increasing UHRF1 mRNA decay through targeting PUM2 to reduce Drp1 promoter methylation.

Background: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury contributes significantly to cardiac dysfunction following myocardial infarction, mainly due to excessive oxidative stress and mitochondrial injury. Despite advances in reperfusion therapies, secondary injuries remain a challenge, necessitating deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying I/R injury. In the present study, we aim to investigate the roles of circular ribonucleic acid (circRNA) RERE (circRERE) in myocardial I/R injury.

Adaptive Hydration Chemistry Enables Fast and Durable Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage; however, uncontrolled interfacial water remains a major hurdle, limiting both anode stability and ion transport. In this study, 2-picolinaldehyde (2PA) was chosen as a reversible hydration modulator (RHM) that enables dynamic regulation of interfacial free water. Spectroscopic and computational analyses revealed that RHM captures excess water during plating to suppress hydrogen evolution and corrosion while releasing water during stripping to facilitate Zn solvation and migration.

[Research on hybrid brain-computer interface based on imperceptible visual and auditory stimulation responses].

In recent years, hybrid brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have gained significant attention due to their demonstrated advantages in increasing the number of targets and enhancing robustness of the systems. However, Existing studies usually construct BCI systems using intense auditory stimulation and strong central visual stimulation, which lead to poor user experience and indicate a need for improving system comfort. Studies have proved that the use of peripheral visual stimulation and lower intensity of auditory stimulation can effectively boost the user's comfort.

Genome-Wide Identification and Evolution of Core Cell Cycle Genes in Marchantia polymorpha: Insights Into Redundancy, Stress, and Functional Evolution.

The cell cycle is a fundamental process of plant growth, development, and reproduction, in which cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins (CYCs) play central roles in regulating the progression through various stages. These proteins are coordinated with multiple interacting partners to ensure the accurate execution of essential biological events such as DNA replication, chromosome segregation, and cell division. Marchantia polymorpha, one of the earliest diverging land plant species, has emerged as a key model for exploring fundamental mechanisms in plant biology and evolution.

Prevalence and risk factors of childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms - comparison study of Central-Eastern European countries: Poland, Slovakia, and Lithuania.

Background: Some women perceive childbirth as a traumatic experience, which can lead to development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research has identified numerous risk factors for childbirth-related PTSD (CB-PTSD), essential for identifying women at risk.

Aim: In a cross-sectional comparative study, we aim to assess the prevalence of CB-PTSD among women from Central-Eastern European countries: Poland, Slovakia, and Lithuania and identify psychological, obstetric and sociodemographic factors associated with the development of CB-PTSD symptom in a cross-national perspective.

Endocannabinoid signaling in epilepsy.

Epilepsy, characterized by recurrent abnormal neuronal discharges, can lead to severe manifestations, including prolonged seizures that may become life-threatening. Despite the availability of numerous antiseizure drugs, many patients remain refractory to existing treatments, prompting the urgent search for novel therapeutic strategies. One pivotal factor driving epileptogenesis is the disruption of the excitatory-inhibitory balance, resulting in excessive neuronal firing and hyperexcitability.

Maternal and early postnatal antibiotic exposure may increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder with regression.

Purpose: To analyze if exposure to antibiotics during maternal pregnancy and early postnatal period increases the risk of autism spectrum disorder with regression (ASD-R).

Methods: A total of 483 children with ASD were categorized into ASD-R and ASD without regression (ASD-NR) groups. The caregivers of children completed questionnaires regarding use of antibiotics during maternal pregnancy and early postnatal period.