Unveiling the Environmental Characteristics of Sub-1000-nm Nanoplastics: A Comprehensive Review of the Preparation Methods for Nanoplastic Model Samples.

Nanoplastics (NPs, < 1 μm) are ubiquitous in the environment and pose potentially more severe ecological and health risks than microplastics (MPs, 1 μm-5 mm). Nearly almost research concerning NPs was limited to few types of nanospheres especially polystyrene (PS) due to the lack of environmentally relevant NP model samples. Preparation of diverse NP samples acts as a formidable barrier to deeply reveal environmental contamination of NPs.

miR-24-3p mediates Keap1/Nrf2 axis to promote autophagy and thereby inhibit lens epithelial cell early senescence.

Background: microRNA-24-3p (miR-24-3p) has been identified as a diagnostic biomarker for age-related cataracts (ARC) and is implicated in the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs). However, its role in LECs senescence and the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the functional involvement of miR-24-3p in ARC pathogenesis and elucidated its molecular mechanisms.

Exploring Coupling-Derived A'-Site Cations for Crystallization Delay and Defect Passivation in Quasi-2D Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Despite quasi-2D perovskite light-emitting diodes (quasi-2D PeLEDs) having shown great potential in the fields of light emission and display, the uncontrollable crystallization processes and substantial defects of perovskite emissive layer still limit their further development. Herein, we reported the design and in-situ synthesis of A'-site cations with oxygen-phosphorus-nitrogen-carbon (O─P─N─C) frameworks in perovskite precursor solutions by incorporating diphenylphosphinic chloride (DPCl), a bifunctional molecule containing both P─Cl and P═O functional groups. The P─Cl groups undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions with the ammonium terminals of formamidinium (FA) and phenethylammonium (PEA) cations, yielding large A'-site cations that regulate crystallization kinetics during spin-coating.

A Durable Sorbent to Unlock the Sustainable Future: Room Temperature and Scalable Production of Aluminium Formate through Mechanochemical Method for Efficient and Selective CO Capture.

Carbon dioxide (CO) capture is essential for addressing climate change, requiring the development of efficient, scalable, and sustainable sorbent materials. This study presents microporous aluminum formate (ALF) synthesized via a novel, room-temperature mechanochemical ball milling method. This green, solvent-free approach enables kilogram-scale production using inexpensive raw materials under ambient conditions.

Fabric-based composite membrane for simultaneous emulsion separation and self-powered real-time monitoring.

Membrane separation technology is widely used in emulsion separation due to its high efficiency, energy saving, and environmental protection. However, Membrane contamination issues are not identified on time, which affects separation efficiency and the overall process. Real-time monitoring of the membrane separation process is essential for timely detection of membrane performance degradation and cost savings.

Emergence of co-infection with Cryptococcus neoformans and Acinetobacter baumannii in older people with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common autoimmune disease affecting various organs. Cryptococcus neoformans, an environmental yeast that is heavily dependent on the complement cascade for natural host defense, is produced via inhalation in immunocompromised patients. The fungal pathogen, C.

Phosphorylation dynamics of RAF12 and PP2C control SnRK2 activity under hyperosmotic stress in Arabidopsis.

Hyperosmotic stress rapidly induces the activation of SNF1-related protein kinases 2 (SnRK2s) that orchestrate plant adaptive responses. However, prolonged activation can unbalance cellular homeostasis. Molecular mechanisms that manage the activation and subsequent deactivation of SnRK2s during osmotic stress signaling are poorly understood.

Case Report: ssp. bloodstream infections in patients with breast cancer after radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Bloodstream infections are life-threatening conditions in patients with breast cancer, especially among older individuals. Although the most common risk factor in these patients with tumors is the use of severe neutropenia secondary to myelosuppressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy, other factors are possibly associated with the invasive pathogenicity of microorganisms, including . ssp.

Global, regional, and national burdens of pancreatic cancer attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021 and the projections to 2035:a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Studies on global epidemiological patterns regarding the burden of pancreatic cancer (PC) attributable to smoking are limited. This study aimed to analyze the latest disease burden of PC attributable to smoking between 1990 and 2021, further analyze the main factors, and predict the trend in the coming period.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 was extracted and analyzed by different geographical levels, age, sex, and socio-demographic index (SDI).

Emergence and characterization of a ST852 clinical isolate coharboring and in China.

Objectives: To characterize a rare ST852 strain co-producing NDM-1 and KPC-2 isolated from a clinical patient.

Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were measured using a VITEK 2 compact system and broth microdilution. Conjugation experiments were conducted using film matings.

Structural remodeling of UiO-66(Ce) into oxygen vacancy defect-rich CeO: Enhancing selective adsorption of As(III).

Long-term exposure to arsenic-contaminated water endangers human health. Removing arsenite (As(III)) efficiently and selectively from water is challenging due to its higher toxicity and mobility than arsenate (As(V)). This study successfully synthesizes ultrasmall, defect-rich CeO (CeO-D) with abundant oxygen vacancy derived from metal organic framework (MOF) UiO-66(Ce) via simple acetate etching.

Icaritin Attenuates HSC Activation by Down-regulating the HIF-1α and TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathways to Ameliorate Liver Fibrosis.

Introduction: Icaritin is a bioactive flavonol isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Epimedium. The comprehensive understanding of antifibrotic effects and associated molecular mechanisms of icaritin remains incomplete. This study aims to explore the protective effects of icaritin against liver fibrosis and to further elucidate the mechanisms involved.

Overexpression of the GmERF071 gene confers resistance to soybean cyst nematode in soybean.

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is one of the most harmful pests, causing major reductions in soybean yield globally. The validation and functional characterization of SCN resistance genes are crucial to improving soybean yield worldwide. Herein, we describe an SCN resistance gene, GmERF071 (Glyma.

Transformative Impact of Nanocarrier-Mediated Drug Delivery: Overcoming Biological Barriers and Expanding Therapeutic Horizons.

Advancing therapeutic progress is centered on developing drug delivery systems (DDS) that control therapeutic molecule release, ensuring precise targeting and optimal concentrations. Targeted DDS enhances treatment efficacy and minimizes off-target effects, but struggles with drug degradation. Over the last three decades, nanopharmaceuticals have evolved from laboratory concepts into clinical products, highlighting the profound impact of nanotechnology in medicine.

Pharmacological targeting of the mitochondrial phosphatase PTPMT1 sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to ferroptosis.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase mitochondrial 1 (PTPMT1), is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase superfamily localized on the mitochondrial inner membrane, and regulates the biosynthesis of cardiolipin. Given the important position of PTPMT1 in mitochondrial function and metabolism, pharmacological targeting of PTPMT1 is considered a promising manner in disease treatments. In this study, we mainly investigated the role of PTPMT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ferroptosis, a new type of cell death accompanied by significant iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation.

Colchicine Inhibits Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switch and Aortic Dissection in Mice-Brief Report.

Background: Aortic dissection (AD) is a severe cardiovascular disorder characterized by intimal tearing and subsequent delamination of the aortic wall. The pathogenesis of AD primarily involves the phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), degradation of the extracellular matrix, and chronic vascular inflammation. Colchicine, an alkaloid derived from , is a Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-inflammatory drug with established therapeutic applications in cardiovascular diseases.

Iodine status of pregnant women in the Chinese plateau area - effects on thyroid function as well as adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes.

Background And Objectives: This study investigated the iodine status of pregnant women at an average altitude of approximately 2000 meters in Qujing, China. The relationship between iodine and thyroid function in different trimesters as well as adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes were also investigated.

Methods And Study Design: A total of 1,025 pregnant women who were admitted to Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2019 to August 2021 were included.

Boosting arsenic removal with metastable Fe/Mn redox process in MnFeO/rGO composites for high capacity and stability.

Fe-Mn oxides exhibit significant potential in the application of chemical and electrochemical remediation of groundwater arsenic contamination. However, the mechanism controlling the equilibrium between chemisorption inhibition and capacitive adsorption enhancement at ferromanganese oxide electrodes is unclear, posing significant challenges to achieving both electrochemical arsenic removal efficiency and cycle stability. Here, we introduce for the first time a defect engineering strategy to synthesize defect-rich, reduced graphene oxide-anchored MnFeO composites (MnFeO/rGO).

Gaudichaudione H Enhances the Sensitivity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Disulfidptosis via Regulating NRF2-SLC7A11 Signaling Pathway.

Gaudichaudione H (GH) is a naturally occurring small molecular compound derived from Garcinia oligantha Merr. (Clusiaceae), but the full pharmacological functions remain unclear. Herein, the potential of GH in disulfidptosis regulation, a novel form of programmed cell death induced by disulfide stress is explored.

Endothelial IGFBP6 suppresses vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Beyond dyslipidemia, inflammation contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. However, intrinsic factors that counteract vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis remain scarce. Here we identify insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 (IGFBP6) as a homeostasis-associated molecule that restrains endothelial inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Vascular dysfunction in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome.

Most patients with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) succumb to cardiovascular disease. Recent studies by Barettino et al., Cardoso et al.

The association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism FokI and type 2 diabetic kidney disease and its molecular mechanism: a case control study.

Background: The role of the vitamin D receptor single nucleotide polymorphism FOKI (VDR-FOKI) (rs2228570) in genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetic kidney disease (T2DKD) remains uncertain. This study investigated the relationship between VDR-FOKI and T2DKD within the Chinese Plateau Han population and analyzed the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: A total of 316 subjects were enrolled, including 44 healthy adults, 114 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 158 patients with T2DKD.