ComplexDnet: A Network-Based Strategy to Discover Critical Targets and Screen Active Compounds for Complex Diseases.

The etiology of complex diseases such as metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) presents significant challenges for therapeutic discovery. Here, we developed ComplexDnet, a transcriptome- and network-integrated framework to prioritize disease-relevant targets. Applied across eight cancer types, ComplexDnet achieved an average recall of 77.

High entropy rare-earth Prussian blue analogues for boosting oxygen evolution catalysis.

The development of high-performance, stable, and cost-effective catalysts is crucial for advancing the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline environments. In this study, we report the successful introduction of high-entropy technology into metal-organic frameworks using a facile and tunable one-step room-temperature co-precipitation method to enhance the OER performance. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and elemental mapping data indicated the successful incorporation of the metal elements into the metal-organic frameworks.

Uncovering hidden risks: metabolic and inflammatory insights in normoalbuminuric chronic kidney disease.

Objectives: While elevated levels of albuminuria beyond 30 mg/g are linked to adverse outcomes, recent studies have revealed an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and cardiovascular events within the normoalbuminuric range (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, UACR < 30 mg/g). This study aims to examine metabolite levels and inflammatory markers among CKD patients in the normal albuminuria groups.

Methods: We recruited 24 patients diagnosed with CKD exhibiting normoalbuminuria from The Kidney Precision Medicine Project (KPMP).

An elite allele TaDT1-A enhances drought tolerance via mediating autophagic pathways in wheat.

Drought stress constitutes a major threat to global wheat production. Identification of the genetic components underlying drought tolerance in wheat is highly important. Through a genome-wide association study, we identify a natural allele of the zinc finger-type transcription factor TaDT1-A on chromosome 2 A of the wheat genome that confers drought tolerance without imposing trade-offs between tolerance and yield.

Opportunities to Mitigate PM and Nitrogen Deposition through Agricultural NH Control Strategies in China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region.

High ammonia (NH) emissions mostly from agricultural sources have contributed to PM air pollution and excess nitrogen deposition harmful to human and ecosystem health in China. Here we develop an assessment framework combining an agricultural management technology database and evaluate technology combinations for their potentials in NH emission reductions and consequent air quality and ecosystem benefits for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region. Results show that BTH agricultural NH emissions can be reduced by up to 57% (274 Gg of N per year) in 2019.

Suppression of TaHDA8-mediated lysine deacetylation of TaAREB3 acts as a drought-adaptive mechanism in wheat root development.

Wheat root systems undergo dynamic and adaptive changes to mitigate adverse effects through sophisticated regulatory mechanisms under drought stress. Elucidating and utilizing these mechanisms is highly important for breeding drought-resistant wheat varieties. Here, we identify histone deacetylase TaHDA8 as a critical component that negatively regulates wheat root elongation and drought tolerance.

Activation of CB1R alleviates autism spectrum disorder-like behavior and synaptic impairments.

We previously found that enhancing the levels of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and anandamide (AEA) could improve autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms. This study investigated the effect of cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) in ASD with pharmacological, genetic and brain-targeted intervention and the underlying mechanisms. Results showed that blocking CB1R counteracted the beneficial effects of boosting 2-AG or AEA on ASD-like behaviors in valproic acid (VPA)-exposed mice.

Soil water and carbon distribution characteristics and their coupling relationship in plantations with different densities.

We measured total carbon content, organic carbon content, inorganic carbon content and water content of 0-5 m soil layers in five stands with densities of 1000, 1800, 2700, 3600 and 4500 plants·hm in the loess region of western Shanxi Province, to understand the responses of soil water and carbon at different soil layers to stand density. We used an improved coupling coordination degree model to quantify the intensity of the water-carbon trade-off/synergistic response to stand density. The results showed that soil organic carbon content exhibited surface aggregation (0-20 cm), and gradually decreased as soil depth increased.

Boosting 2-arachidonoylglycerol, but not N-acylethanolamine, ameliorates autism symptoms in VPA-exposed rats by modulating abnormal neuroinflammation.

Research has implicated endocannabinoids (eCBs) as significant regulators of neuroinflammation that may contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study investigated the effect of the main eCBs, namely N-acylethanolamine (NAE) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), on ASD and their underlying mechanisms through in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results showed that elevating NAE or 2-AG ameliorated social deficits and restricted and repetitive behaviors and corrected neuropathological damage.

Isolated Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Deficiency Associated with Sintilimab in the Treatment of Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency, a rare condition associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, can manifest with symptoms such as fatigue, poor appetite, dizziness, hypotension, and hyponatremia. We present a case of a 52-year-old Chinese woman with stage IB lung adenocarcinoma who developed these symptoms after 8 months of treatment with sintilimab. Laboratory tests revealed hyponatremia, low ACTH and cortisol levels, and thyrotoxicosis.

Co-benefit of forestation on ozone air quality and carbon storage in South China.

Substantial forestation-induced greening has occurred over South China, affecting the terrestrial carbon storage and atmospheric chemistry. However, these effects have not been systematically quantified due to complex biosphere-atmosphere interactions. Here we integrate satellite observations, forestry statistics, and an improved atmospheric chemistry model to investigate the impacts of forestation on both carbon storage and ozone air quality.

Managing Ammonia for Multiple Benefits Based on Verified High-Resolution Emission Inventory in China.

Atmospheric ammonia (NH) has multiple impacts on the environment, climate change, and human health. China is the largest emitter of NH globally, with the dynamic inventory of NH emissions remaining uncertain. Here, we use the second national agricultural pollution source censuses, integrated satellite data, N isotope source apportionment, and multiple models to better understand those key features of NH emissions and its environmental impacts in China.

Performance Improvement for Discretely Modulated Continuous-Variable Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution with Imbalanced Modulation.

The modulation mode at the transmitters plays a crucial role in the continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI-QKD) protocol. However, in practical applications, differences in the modulation schemes between two transmitters can inevitably impact protocol performance, particularly when using discrete modulation with four-state or eight-state formats. This work primarily investigates the effect of imbalanced modulation at the transmitters on the security of the CV-MDI-QKD protocol under both symmetric and asymmetric distance scenarios.

Lysine deacetylase TaSRT1 mediates wheat drought tolerance by deacetylating TaDT-A to reduce its protein stability and transcriptional activity.

Drought is one of the major environmental stresses limiting crop growth and yield. Epigenetic regulations play crucial roles in plant adaptation to environmental changes, whereas the epigenetic mechanism of drought resistance in crops remains largely elusive. Here, we report that the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylase TaSRT1 negatively regulates drought tolerance in wheat.

Rational Design of an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Vaccine: Immunogenicity and Antitumor Research.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed in a variety of human epithelial tumors, and its aberrant activation plays a pivotal role in promoting tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. The clinically approved passive EGFR-related therapies have numerous limitations. Seven EGFR-ECD epitope peptides (EG1-7) were selected through bioinformatics epitope prediction tools including NetMHCpan-4.

The association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism FokI and type 2 diabetic kidney disease and its molecular mechanism: a case control study.

Background: The role of the vitamin D receptor single nucleotide polymorphism FOKI (VDR-FOKI) (rs2228570) in genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetic kidney disease (T2DKD) remains uncertain. This study investigated the relationship between VDR-FOKI and T2DKD within the Chinese Plateau Han population and analyzed the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: A total of 316 subjects were enrolled, including 44 healthy adults, 114 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 158 patients with T2DKD.

Therapeutic Efficacy of a Synthetic Brain-Targeted HS Donor Cross-Linked Nanomicelle in Autism Spectrum Disorder Rats through Aerobic Glycolysis.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by cognitive inflexibility and social deficits, with a notably limited range of brain-targeted medications, particularly in the field of nanomedicine. Herein, we introduce the brain-targeted HS donor cross-linked nanomicelle, named mannose-PEG600-lipoic acid (Man-LA). Man-LA demonstrates enhanced stability and precise brain delivery by interacting with glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in astrocytes, facilitating a gradual release of HS that is modulated by glutathione (GSH).

Resting-State EEG Microstates Dynamics Associated with Interindividual Vulnerability to Sleep Deprivation.

Purpose: Sleep deprivation can induce severe deficits in vigilant maintenance and alternation in large-scale networks. However, differences in the dynamic brain networks after sleep deprivation across individuals have rarely been investigated. In the present study, we used EEG microstate analysis to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation and how it differentially affects resting-state brain activity in different individuals.

The Role of Female and Male Genes in Regulating Pollen Tube Guidance in Flowering Plants.

In flowering plants, fertilization is a complex process governed by precise communication between the male and female gametophytes. This review focuses on the roles of various female gametophyte cells-synergid, central, and egg cells-in facilitating pollen tube guidance and ensuring successful fertilization. Synergid cells play a crucial role in attracting the pollen tube, while the central cell influences the direction of pollen tube growth, and the egg cell is responsible for preventing polyspermy, ensuring correct fertilization.

Interfacial coupling of NiSe in heterostructures promotes electrocatalytic hydrolysis of MoS.

Molybdenum sulfide (MoS) has attracted much attention as a potential catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), but its unique low activity and low edge active centers limit its electrocatalytic activity. In this study, catalysts were prepared by growing NiSe nanoclusters onto MoS substrates electrodeposition; ultrathin MoS nanosheets and NiSe nanoclusters were cross-linked with each other to form a unique three-dimensional rosette structure; and MoS@NiSe catalysts were successfully synthesised, which significantly improved bifunctional catalytic performance. The synthesised MoS@NiSe catalysts exhibited good electrochemical performance: overpotentials required to satisfy the HER and OER processes at a current density of 10 mA cm in 1 M KOH were 80 mV and 254 mV, respectively.