Potential clinical benefits of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics for depression the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Background: Depression is a common mental-health disorder worldwide. Several studies have demonstrated the effects of gut microbiota-targeting interventions, such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics (PPSP), on depression.

Aim: To assess the potential benefits of PPSP on patients diagnosed with depressive disorder.

Clinical and Molecular Landscape of GLRA2 in X-Linked Early-Onset High Myopia.

Purpose: Variants in the GLRA2 gene have been linked to early-onset and nonsyndromic high myopia with a X-linked inheritance. This study aimed to elucidate clinical and genetic characteristics of GLRA2-associated early-onset high myopia (eoHM).

Methods: Variants in 17 genes reported to contribute to eoHM, including GLRA2, were evaluated for pathogenic level based on in silico prediction, associated phenotypes, and cosegregation analysis.

The language we speak amid COVID-19.

The language we speak shapes our perceptions of reality. In this paper, we shed light on the fact that by inventing and normalizing phrases such as the "UK variant", "Chinese virus", or the "Spanish flu", along with the widespread use of war metaphors, we are not only endorsing narratives that could undermine international collaborations and deepen divisions within society, harming people's mental health, but also distracting the public's attention from the most important issue amid pandemics-how to stall or stem transmission in a timely matter. Furthermore, we also make a call to action for media professionals, health experts, and government officials to stop creating and popularizing discriminative terms related to COVID-19 and future outbreaks, so that we can reduce the divisions between societies and better focus on controlling pandemics.

HMGB1 mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis in silicosis via RAGE/β-catenin signaling.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is implicated in the pathogenesis of silicosis. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been found to induce EMT in fibrotic diseases. Previous studies have revealed a critical role of HMGB1 in silicosis, whereas the detail mechanisms still obscure.

Insight into the microbial diversity and community in the sacrificial pits of Sanxingdui site (Sichuan, China).

Introduction: The Sanxingdui site (Sichuan, China) is the typical representative of the ancient Shu culture, which lasts from the late Neolithic to early Western Zhou. The sacrificial pits are located in the core region of Sanxingdui site, and numerous artifacts are unearthed including ivory, seashells, bronzes, pottery, jade, stone, gold, bone, and horn products. The function of the pits and buried artifacts has always been the focus, but the microbiome around artifacts attracts less attention.

A Call for Rigorous Research Investment in women's Health.

Worldwide, women face a disproportionately heavy health burden than their male counterparts. Yet there is a chronic lack of research attention and investment in women's health, which may explain the absence of women-inclusive, let alone women-centred, understanding of the causes, consequences, and confounding factors that shape individuals' health and quality of life. In this manuscript, by analysing the U.

Prognostic Prediction and Immune Microenvironment Characterization in Uveal Melanoma: A Novel Mitochondrial Metabolism-Related Gene Signature.

Uveal Melanoma (UM), a highly aggressive and metastatic intraocular cancer with a strong propensity for liver metastasis, presents limited therapeutic alternatives and unfavorable survival outcomes. Despite its low incidence, the underlying mechanisms of UM pathogenesis and the precise role of mitochondrial metabolism in UM remain inadequately understood. Utilizing Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to assess prognostic relevance, and consensus clustering was employed for molecular subtyping.

Visualizing Catalytic Dynamics of Single-Cu-Atom-Modified SnS in CO Electroreduction via Rapid Freeze-Quench Mössbauer Spectroscopy.

Effective design and engineering of catalysts for an optimal performance depend extensively on a profound understanding of the intricate catalytic dynamics under reaction conditions. In this work, we showcase rapid freeze-quench (RFQ) Mössbauer spectroscopy as a powerful technique for quantitatively monitoring the catalytic dynamics of single-Cu-atom-modified SnS (Cu/SnS) in the electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR). Utilizing the newly established RFQ Sn Mössbauer methodology, we clearly identified the dynamic transformation of Cu/SnS to Cu/SnS and Cu/Sn during the CORR, resulting in an outstanding Faradaic efficiency for formate production (∼90.

Identification of common stria vascularis cellular alteration in sensorineural hearing loss based on ScRNA-seq.

Background: The stria vascularis (SV), located in the lateral wall of the cochlea, maintains cochlear fluid homeostasis and mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) activity required for sound wave conduction. The pathogenesis of a number of human inheritable deafness syndromes, age related hearing loss, drug-induced ototoxicity and noise-induced hearing loss results from the morphological changes and functional impairments in the development of the SV. In this study, we investigate the implications of intercellular communication within the SV in the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).

The corneal biomechanical differences after wearing orthokeratology lenses and multifocal soft lenses in children: A self-control study.

Background: To compare the changes in corneal biomechanics after orthokeratology (OK) lens and Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact (DISC) lens treatment.

Methods: Of 28 myopic children were recruited, with one eye wearing OK lens and the other eye wearing DISC lens for one year, and the data after discontinued for 4 weeks were also collected. Major outcomes were corneal biomechanics and axial length (AL) elongation.

Mössbauer Spectroscopic Tracking the Metastable State of Atomically Dispersed Tin in Copper Oxide for Selective CO Electroreduction.

Metastable state is the most active catalyst state that dictates the overall catalytic performance and rules of catalytic behaviors; however, identification and stabilization of the metastable state of catalyst are still highly challenging due to the continuous evolution of catalytic sites during the reaction process. In this work, Sn Mössbauer measurements and theoretical simulations were performed to track and identify the metastable state of single-atom Sn in copper oxide (Sn-CuO) for highly selective CO electroreduction to CO. A maximum CO Faradaic efficiency of around 98% at -0.

Reliability and Agreement of an Integrated Platform for Intelligent Visual Function Measurement.

Introduction: Phoropters are widely accepted for clinical use in refraction examination and visual function assessment. This study assessed the reliability of the new Inspection Platform of Visual Function (IPVF) in comparison with the conventional equipment phoropter (TOPCON VT-10) in visual function assessment.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 80 eyes of 80 healthy subjects.

Precision (repeatability and reproducibility) of papillary and peripapillary vascular density measurements using optical coherence tomography angiography in children.

Importance: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has been widely applied into children, however, few studies have assessed the repeatability and reproducibility of papillary and peripapillary VD in healthy children.

Objective: To assess the precision of papillary and peripapillary vascular density (VD) measurements using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and analyze the effects of the signal strength index (SSI) and axial length (AL) on precision estimates.

Design Setting And Participants: This was a prospective observational study.

Pairing with Enriched Sound Exposure Restores Auditory Processing Degraded by an Antidepressant.

Antidepressants, while effective in treating depression and anxiety disorders, also induce deficits in sensory (particularly auditory) processing, which in turn may exacerbate psychiatric symptoms. How antidepressants cause auditory signature deficits remains largely unknown. Here, we found that fluoxetine-treated adult female rats were significantly less accurate when performing a tone-frequency discrimination task compared with age-matched control rats.

Spectroscopic Analysis of Axial Oxygen-Coordinated Single-Sn-Atom Sites for Electrochemical CO Reduction.

Sn-based materials have been demonstrated as promising catalysts for the selective electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR). However, the detailed structures of catalytic intermediates and the key surface species remain to be identified. In this work, a series of single-Sn-atom catalysts with well-defined structures is developed as model systems to explore their electrochemical reactivity toward CORR.

Integrative taxonomy of the subfamily Orbioninae (Crustacea: Isopoda) based on mitochondrial and nuclear data with evidence that supports Epicaridea as a suborder.

Epicaridea is a group of isopods with high morphological diversity, reduction and loss of characters, and strong sexual dimorphism due to their parasitic lifestyles but their systematics is not well understood. Despite the use of nuclear and mitochondrial genes to test the phylogeny of many invertebrate groups, few molecular data from epicarideans are known, especially from the subfamily Orbioninae. Species in this group are obligate penaeoid shrimp parasites and the lack molecular data has hampered studies on the phylogeny of Orbioninae.

Normative Data and Determinants of Macular, Disc, and Peripapillary Vascular Density in Healthy Myopic Children Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Objective: To establish a normative database for the vascular density (VD) in macular, disc, and peripapillary regions in healthy myopic children and to evaluate associated ocular features with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This was an observational, prospective and cross-sectional study. 776 Chinese healthy myopic children (375 boys and 401 girls) were enrolled, mean (±SD) age 9.

Distributed implantation of a flexible microelectrode array for neural recording.

Flexible multichannel electrode arrays (fMEAs) with multiple filaments can be flexibly implanted in various patterns. It is necessary to develop a method for implanting the fMEA in different locations and at various depths based on the recording demands. This study proposed a strategy for reducing the microelectrode volume with integrated packaging.

Comparison of Two Main Orthokeratology Lens Designs in Efficacy and Safety for Myopia Control.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of corneal refractive therapy (CRT) lenses and vision shaping treatment (VST) lenses for myopia control in children.

Methods: Medical records of 1,001 children (2,002 eyes) who had been fitted with orthokeratology lenses for over 1.5 years were retrospectively reviewed.

BrainBase: a curated knowledgebase for brain diseases.

Brain is the central organ of the nervous system and any brain disease can seriously affect human health. Here we present BrainBase (https://ngdc.cncb.