Environmental Factors, Not Biotic Competitive Interactions, Drive the Relative Abundance of Diatoms and Chlorophyta in the Coastal Areas of the Beibu Gulf: Evidence From 18S rDNA Metabarcoding and Partial Least Squares-Path Modeling Analysis.

Diatoms and Chlorophyta are two major phyla of phytoplankton in marine ecosystems. The quantitative detection of the population succession and the interaction between them in natural marine ecosystems is a key challenge that ecologists face. In this study, using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) analysis, a negative correlation was found between Diatoms and Chlorophyta near the Dafeng River Estuary (DRE) and the Sanniang Bay (SNB) located in the Beibu Gulf, China.

High-precision and wide-range feature wavelength quantitative analysis (FWQA) method for fluorescent substances based on IFE-induced CDRS.

Conventional fluorescence spectrometry has a limited linear range and insufficient detection accuracy at high concentrations in wide-range analysis. To address this problem, a novel feature wavelength quantitative analysis method (FWQA) for fluorescent substances is proposed. This method integrates feature wavelength extraction which utilizes inner filter effect (IFE) induced concentration dependent red shift (CDRS) with a full-spectrum analysis.

CRISPR screening reveals that RNA helicase DDX41 triggers ribosome biogenesis and cancer progression through R-loop-mediated RPL/RPS transcription.

The RNA helicase DDX41 is a DEAD-box helicase that is well known as a virus sensor in dendritic cells and a tumor suppressor that is frequently mutated in myeloid neoplasms. However, the functions and relevance of DDX41 in solid tumors remain largely unexplored. In this study, through in vivo CRISPR screening, we demonstrate that DDX41 is highly expressed in various solid tumor types and promotes tumorigenicity in liver cancer.

Non-invasive bio-electromagnetic monitoring of cerebrovascular function: a novel conductivity reactivity index (CRx) for optimal cerebral perfusion pressure in acute brain injury models.

Introduction: The pressure reactivity index (PRx) is a key predictor of cerebrovascular function, widely used to guide and optimize therapeutic strategies in patients with acute brain injury. This study investigates a non-invasive bio-electromagnetic technique for monitoring and maintaining cerebrovascular function in a rabbit model of acute brain injury.

Methods: A coaxial parallel double-coil sensor was designed to detect changes in intracranial electromagnetic properties, measured as magnetic induction phase shifts (MIPS), which reflect cerebral blood volume fluctuations.

YOLOv8-DuckPluck: A lightweight target detection model for cherry valley duck feather pecking site detection.

The pecking phenomenon in poultry can lead to stress responses, feather loss, and even death. Therefore, precise and timely monitoring of pecking behavior in poultry is crucial for modern precision animal husbandry. Existing deep learning-based object detection models often face challenges such as slow processing speed, large parameter quantities and bulky model sizes when dealing with complex environments characterized by high density and multiple targets.

Nonlinear Optical Series A(VO)(SeO) (A = NH, K, and HO) with Large Birefringence Derived from High-Anisotropic VO Octahedra and SeO Pyramids.

With the increasing significance of the laser industry, especially in the 3-5 μm range, mid-infrared (mid-IR) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals have become crucial components to meet stringent requirements. Herein, a large birefringence is essential for a mid-IR NLO crystal, as it ensures the phase-matching condition for high-conversion efficiency in laser output operation. In this study, three vanadium selenites A(VO)(SeO) (A = NH, K, and HO) with hexagonal tungsten oxide-related structures were prepared, featuring two-dimensional layered structures composed of two second-order Jahn-Teller (SOJT) motifs: distorted VO octahedra and SeO pyramids.

Biomechanical analysis of posterior, transforaminal, extreme, oblique, and anterior lumbar interbody fusion surgical models: a finite element study.

Many lumbar interbody fusion methods have been proposed, but there is a relative scarcity of fundamental biomechanical research on these varied surgical procedures. In this study, a finite element model of an L4-L5 functional spinal unit was created and five interbody fusion methods were evaluated, including posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF), oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) and anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF). Static and harmonic vibration surgery analysis models were developed based on it, investigating the biomechanical properties, as well as the variation of strain energy.

Clinicopathologic and Genomic Characteristics of Minute Pulmonary Meningothelial-like Nodules.

Minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules (MPMNs) are benign lung lesions with histologic characteristics similar to meningeal epithelium. MPMNs often lead to misdiagnosis for their similar radiologic characteristics to malignant nodules. The pathogenesis of MPMNs remains unclear, and this research primarily focused on mutations in a limited number of genes, lacking a comprehensive analysis of their mutational landscape.

Photon-efficient camera with in-sensor computing.

Image sensors with internal computing capabilities fuse sensing and computing to significantly reduce the power consumption and latency of machine vision tasks. Linear photodetectors such as 2D semiconductors with tunable electrical and optical properties enable in-sensor computing for multiple functions. In-sensor computing at the single-photon level is much more plausible but has not yet been achieved.

Noise-tolerant LiDAR approaching the standard quantum-limited precision.

Quantum-inspired imaging techniques have been proven to be effective for LiDAR with the advances of single photon detectors and computational algorithms. However, due to the disturbance of background noise and the varies of signal in outdoor environment, the performance of LiDAR is still far from its ultimate limit set by the quantum fluctuations of coherent probe light. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a LiDAR from the detection perspective for approaching the standard quantum-limited performance.

Shaddock peels biochar doping with Fe-Co bimetal for peroxymonosulfate activation on the degradation of tetracycline: The influence of HCO and PO.

To reduce the negative impact of antibiotics on the water environment, shaddock peels biochar co-doped with iron and cobalt (Fe-Co@SPC) was employed in the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system to eliminate tetracycline (TC). The obtained Fe-Co@SPC could efficiently activate PMS and degrade 95.6 % of TC within 1 h at pH 9.

Biomechanical analysis of clear aligners for mandibular anterior teeth intrusion and its clinical application in the design of new aligner attachment.

Background: During the process of intruding the mandibular anterior teeth (MAT) with clear aligners (CA), the teeth are susceptible to undesigned buccal and lingual inclinations, leading to complications such as excessive alveolar bone resorption and root exposure that significantly compromise the treatment outcome. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the underlying causes and develop effective coping strategies.

Methods: We first statistically analyzed the clinical issues, then used FEA to explore their underlying mechanisms to guide the design of attachments in clinical practice.

Cell-free epigenomes enhanced fragmentomics-based model for early detection of lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality, highlighting the need for innovative non-invasive early detection methods. Although cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis shows promise, its sensitivity in early-stage lung cancer patients remains a challenge. This study aimed to integrate insights from epigenetic modifications and fragmentomic features of cfDNA using machine learning to develop a more accurate lung cancer detection model.

A Bacteria-Responsive Multifunctional Nanohydrogel for Recognition of Bacterial Infections and Activable Four-in-One Antibacterial Therapy.

Bacterial infections have long been a formidable challenge in global public health, further compounded by the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria resulting from the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. Intelligent antibacterial strategies are garnering escalating attention and concern due to their ability to accurately recognize bacterial infections, efficiently eliminate pathogens, and timely monitor infection end points in order to mitigate the adverse effects of excessive treatment on normal tissues. Hence, in this study, we developed a multifunctional antibacterial nanohydrogel that exhibited bacteria-triggered fluorescence activity, serving as a fluorescent indicator for bacterial infections.

Boric acid-substituted phthalocyanine/ciprofloxacin co-assembled nanoparticles for constructing bacteria-responsive intelligent wound dressings with synergistic therapy and recognition of bacterial infections.

In contemporary times, the waning effectiveness of antibiotics against bacterial infections is progressively giving rise to significant concerns in public health. Although photodynamic technology possesses a potent ability to deactivate bacteria, its non-selective attack on normal cells poses potential side effects. Hence, in this study, a boric acid-substituted phthalocyanine photosensitizer (BAPc) was synthesized, exhibiting remarkable bacterial targeting capability.

Single Na- and K-Ion-Conducting Sulfonated -NH-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Highly ion-conductive solid electrolytes of nonlithium ions (sodium or potassium ions) are necessary for pursuing a more cost-effective and sustainable energy storage. Here, two classes of sulfonated -NH-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs), specifically designed for sodium or potassium ion conduction (named i-COF-2 (Na or K) and i-COF-3 (Na or K)), were synthesized through a straightforward, one-step process using affordable starting materials. Remarkably, these COFs demonstrate high ionic conductivity at room temperature─3.

Sub-millikelvin-resolved superconducting nanowire single-photon detector operates with sub-pW infrared radiation power.

The noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) indicates the minimum temperature difference resolvable by using an infrared detector. The lower the NETD, the better the sensor can register small temperature differences. In this work, we proposed a strategy to achieve a high temperature resolution using a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) with ultra-high sensitivity.

Correlations between 14-gene RNA-level assay and clinical and molecular features in resectable non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Accurate risk stratification is essential for optimizing treatment strategies. A 14-gene RNA-level assay of lung cancer, which involves quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples, offers a promising approach.

Copper-doped orange peel biochar activated peroxydisulfate for efficient degrading tetracycline: The critical role of C-OH and Cu.

The usage of biomass waste has aroused great concern in water purification. In this study, copper-doped orange peel biochar (Cu-OPB) prepared by one-step carbonization was firstly used to activate peroxydisulfate (PDS) to eliminate tetracycline (TC). The optimized Cu-OPB showed great activation ability for PDS and could degrade 93.

Polar-Layer-Driven Reconstruction of a Noncentrosymmetric Vandate Mid-Infrared Nonlinear-Optical Crystal.

Noncentrosymmetry (NCS) is essential for a second-harmonic nonlinear-optical (NLO) crystal; however, the tailored synthesis of NCS materials has historically posed significant challenges because the adjacent dipole moments of constituted NLO-active units in the structure tend to align in opposite directions, resulting in the NLO effect being canceled as in a centrosymmetric (CS) crystal. In this work, we propose a polar-layer-driven strategy, wherein a polarization-layered framework is constructed to constrain the dipole moment to align in the same direction, thereby facilitating the formation of the NCS structure. Taking the layered structure CS KZnVO as a prototype compound, a novel vandate KZnVOBr (KZVB) was rationally synthesized via a multiple sites-oriented cosubstition method.

The influence of temperature and river runoff on phytoplankton community diversity in Beibu Gulf: insight from 18 S rDNA metabarcoding analysis.

Background: Sanniang Bay (SNB) and Dafeng River (DFR), located in the northern Beibu Gulf, is well-known as one of the eight habitats for humpback dolphins in China. This region is representative of typical estuarine and bay ecosystems and produce complex hydrodynamic seawater conditions. Moreover, anthropogenic pressure, such as eutrophication and large-scale infrastructure projects, have caused ongoing habitat deterioration and loss.