Correlations between 14-gene RNA-level assay and clinical and molecular features in resectable non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Accurate risk stratification is essential for optimizing treatment strategies. A 14-gene RNA-level assay of lung cancer, which involves quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples, offers a promising approach.

A Microfluidic Chip-Based Automated System for Whole-Course Monitoring the Drug Responses of Organoids.

Tumor patients-derived organoids, as a promising preclinical prediction model, have been utilized to evaluate drug responses for formulating optimal therapeutic strategies. Detecting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has been widely used in existing organoid-based drug response tests. However, all commercial ATP detection kits containing the cell lysis procedure can only be applied for single time point ATP detection, resulting in the neglect of dynamic ATP variations in living cells.

Clonal expansion of shared T cell receptors reveals the existence of immune commonality among different lesions of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer.

The increase in the detection rate of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) has posed remarkable clinical challenges due to the limited understanding of its pathogenesis and molecular features. Here, comprehensive comparisons of genomic and immunologic features between MPLC and solitary lung cancer nodule (SN), as well as different lesions of the same patient, were performed. Compared with SN, MPLC displayed a lower rate of EGFR mutation but higher rates of BRAF, MAP2K1, and MTOR mutation, which function exactly in the upstream and downstream of the same signaling pathway.

A dual-functional microfluidic chip for guiding personalized lung cancer medicine: combining EGFR mutation detection and organoid-based drug response test.

Many efforts have been paid to advance the effectiveness of personalized medicine for lung cancer patients. Sequencing-based molecular diagnosis of EGFR mutations has been widely used to guide the selection of anti-lung-cancer drugs. Organoid-based assays have also been developed to test individual responses to anti-lung-cancer drugs.

Adjuvant crizotinib treatment selected by patient-derived organoids in a patient with stage IIIA adenocarcinoma with novel fusion: a case report.

Background: Over 90 different anaplastic lymphoma kinase () fusions have been reported, and patients with different ALK fusion partners exhibit different responses to targeted therapy. Patient-derived organoid (PDO), a kind of 3-dimensional culture, is a promising model for drug-sensitivity testing for personalized treatment decision-making. It further has the potential to provide treatment strategy for patients with novel mutations, rare mutations, and concomitant mutations, serving as a supplement to evidence-based medicine.

Rapid determination of the presence of EGFR mutations with DNA-based nanocalipers.

Selecting 1st-line treatment for lung cancer is currently a binary choice, either chemotherapy or targeted medicine, depending on whether EGFR mutations exist. Next-generation sequencing is fully capable of accurately identifying EGFR mutations and guiding the usage of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but it is highly expensive. Moreover, as the sequencing is not helpful for patients with wild-type EGFR, the long wait for sequencing may delay the chemotherapy and correspondingly increase the risks of cancer progression.

Real-time monitoring ATP variation in human cancer organoids for a long term by DNA-based nanosensor.

Cancer organoids have become promising tools for predicting drug responses on many different types of cancer. Detecting the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has currently been considered as a decisive test to profile the growth status and drug responses of organoids. ATP profiling using commercial ATP detection kits, which involve cell lysis, can be performed at a single time spot, causing a clinical dilemma of selecting the optimal time spot to adopt diverse cancer types and patients.

Dual targeting PET tracer [Ga]Ga-FAPI-RGD in patients with lung neoplasms: a pilot exploratory study.

Early discovery, accurate diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer is essential for patients to receive appropriate treatment. PET/CT has become increasingly recognized as a valuable imaging modality for these patients, but there remains room for improvement in PET tracers. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using [Ga]Ga-FAPI-RGD, a dual-targeting heterodimeric PET tracer that recognizes both fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and integrin αβ for detecting lung neoplasms, by comparing it with [F]FDG and single-targeting tracers [Ga]Ga-RGD and [Ga]Ga-FAPI.

Comprehensive analysis of T cell receptor repertoire in patients with mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog () is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The administration of immunotherapy has demonstrated significant efficacy in prolonging the overall survival of patients with mutation in recent years. However, the efficacy of immunotherapy in mutant NSCLC is variable.

Efficacy and Safety of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Combination Therapy as First-Line Treatment for Patients with Advanced -Mutated, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

(1) Background: Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted in combination with Efficacy and Safety of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor(EGFR)-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) for the first-line treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer; however, head-to-head comparisons of combination therapies are still lacking. Therefore, this study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of various combination treatments. (2) Methods: We conducted a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, and COCHRANE for relevant RCTs.

[Research Progress of Angiogenesis Inhibitors Plus EGFR-TKI in EGFR-mutated Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) have become the standard treatment for EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, drug resistance is inevitable in most cases.

Machine Learning-Assisted Dual-Marker Detection in Serum Small Extracellular Vesicles for the Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) carry molecular information from their source cells and are desired biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. We establish a machine learning-assisted dual-marker detection method to analyze the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in serum sEVs for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We find that the serum sEV EGFR and CXCR4 are significantly higher in advanced stage NSCLC (A/NSCLC) patients compared to early stage NSCLC (E/NSCLC) patients and the healthy donors (HDs).

Fatal Tumour Lysis Syndrome Induced by Brigatinib in a Lung Adenocarcinoma Patient Treated With Sequential ALK Inhibitors: A Case Report.

Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) represents a group of fatal metabolic derangements resulting from the rapid breakdown of tumour cells. TLS typically occurs soon after the administration of chemotherapy in haematologic malignancies but is rarely observed in solid tumours. Here, we report a case of brigatinib-induced TLS after treatment with sequential anaplastic lymphoma kinase () inhibitors in a patient with advanced -rearranged lung adenocarcinoma.

DNA methylation patterns at and beyond the histological margin of early-stage invasive lung adenocarcinoma radiologically manifested as pure ground-glass opacity.

Background: Early-stage lung cancers radiologically manifested as ground-glass opacities (GGOs) have been increasingly identified, among which pure GGO (pGGO) has a good prognosis after local resection. However, the optimal surgical margin is still under debate. Precancerous lesions exist in tumor-adjacent tissues beyond the histological margin.

Pathological complete response to neoadjuvant ceritinib of a crizotinib-resistant, stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer with ALK rearrangement: A case report.

The treatment of stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is complicated, the best strategy is chosen individually and surgery is usually not recommended. A 50-year-old female was diagnosed with locally advanced lung adenocarcinoma (stage IIIB, T2bN3M0). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed an ALK rearrangement.

transmembrane domain mutation: comprehensive characteristics and real-world evidence of treatment response in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: transmembrane domain (TMD) mutation has been reported as a rare driver mutation associated with advanced stage disease and a poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We aimed to comprehensively profile the genetic landscape and treatment response information of TMD-mutant LUAD.

Methods: An in-house database of 7,812 LUAD patients was screened for mutation prevalence.