Association of dietary creatine intake from meat protein sources with different types of intestinal problems: insights from NHANES 2005-2010.

Background: Given the growing interest in gut health, particularly in the context of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), this study investigates the potential effects of dietary creatine intake on measures of gut health. Additionally, in response to anecdotal reports on the internet that have not been corroborated by clinical trials, this research examines the relationship between creatine consumption and gastrointestinal outcomes, aiming to address the existing knowledge gap in this area.

Methods: This study utilized data from the 2005-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

T cell-related diagnostic model and the underlying mechanism related to PRF1-mediated glycolysis in sepsis: evidences from single-cell, bulk transcriptomics, and experiment validation.

Aim: Sepsis is a serious systemic inflammatory response. We aimed to construct a T cell-related diagnostic model for sepsis and uncover the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Through downloading the single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and RNA-seq data from online source, a series of bioinformatics methods including principal component analysis (PCA), differential expression analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used for selection of the T cell-related signatures.

Late steps of allelic break-induced replication suppress tandem duplication associated with BRCA1 deficiency.

Microhomology-mediated tandem duplication (TD) is a distinct mutational signature in BRCA1-deficient tumors. While several mechanisms have been proposed for its generation, much understanding comes from repeat-based reporters, which may not represent the region of the human genome lacking neighboring repeats. To address this limitation, we developed a repeat-less TD reporter and a PCR-based endogenous site-specific TD assay to examine TDs induced by replication-coupled single-ended DNA double-strand breaks (seDSBs) in Brca1-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells.

Data-driven approach for potential iron-based half-Heusler thermoelectrics with chemical bonding characteristics.

Chemical bonding influences various physical properties and holds promise for guiding the discovery of high-performance materials. In half-Heusler (HH) compounds, complex interactions between constituent atoms, featuring both covalent and ionic characters, are supposed to affect mechanical and thermoelectric behavior. We use a data-driven approach based on first-principles calculations to identify promising HH compounds and explore the correlations between bonding-related features and functional properties.

Radiotherapy enhances anticancer CD8 T cell responses by cGAMP transfer through LRRC8A/C volume-regulated anion channels.

The volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs) transport osmolytes, neurotransmitters, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) across the cell membrane to regulate cell volume and host defense. We report that the leucine-rich repeat-containing 8A/C (LRRC8A/C) VRAC plays a crucial role in immune responses to radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cancer. VRACs transfer cGAMP from irradiated cancer cells to infiltrating CD4 and CD8 T cells, thus enhancing their effector functions.

An artificial intelligence malnutrition screening tool based on electronic medical records.

Background & Aims: Nutrition screening is a fundamental step to ensure appropriate intervention in patients with malnutrition. An automatic tool of nutritional risk screening based on electronic health records will improve efficiency and elevate the malnutrition diagnosis rate. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) malnutrition screening tool based on electronic medical records and compare it with the patient interview-based tool.

Clinicopathologic and Genomic Characteristics of Minute Pulmonary Meningothelial-like Nodules.

Minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules (MPMNs) are benign lung lesions with histologic characteristics similar to meningeal epithelium. MPMNs often lead to misdiagnosis for their similar radiologic characteristics to malignant nodules. The pathogenesis of MPMNs remains unclear, and this research primarily focused on mutations in a limited number of genes, lacking a comprehensive analysis of their mutational landscape.

Development and internal validation of predictive models for spread through air spaces in clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: Spread through air spaces (STAS) in lung adenocarcinoma impacted prognosis and treatment decisions, but lacked reliable preoperative prediction. We aimed to construct an easy-to-use model for clinical stage IA adenocarcinoma patients.

Methods: This study analyzed 1212 patients with clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma undergoing lung resections from November 2020 to January 2022.

The Earlier Apoptosis in Human Sperm: Its Correlation with Semen Parameters and Assisted Reproduction Outcome.

The combination of Syto16/7-AAD allows the detection of apoptosis at an earlier stage than that of annexin V/7-AAD. The effects of the earlier apoptosis of spermatozoa on fertilization rate and post-embryonic development have not been investigated systematically. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between the earlier apoptosis of spermatozoa in IVF patients and seminal parameters (concentration and morphology), to assess the effect of the earlier apoptosis of spermatozoa on ART outcomes, especially with regard to clinical pregnancy.

The alkylglycerone phosphate synthase sustains the resistance of gastric cancer cells to ferroptosis induced by Apatinib.

Background: Apatinib is a targeted therapy used in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. However, many gastric cancer patients develop resistance to Apatinib, and the mechanisms underlying this resistance remain unclear. Previous studies have shown that Apatinib can induce ferroptosis in gastric cancer cells.

Stress Analysis and Stiffness Degradation of Open Cracks Composite Laminates Subjected to External Loads.

Composite laminated structures have extensive applications in the field of bionic engineering. Proficient comprehension of the mechanical properties of these structures is instrumental in the advancement of bionic composite materials. The objective of this study is to investigate the stress distribution and degradation of stiffness in composite laminates exhibiting open smooth surface cracks under varying external loads and structural parameters.

Dislocation Introduction via Domain Engineering in MgSn Single Crystal to Improve its Thermoelectric Properties.

Dislocations have increasingly become important for improving the thermoelectric properties of thermoelectric materials due to their more pronounced scattering effect on phonons than on carriers. This study combined the introduction of the dislocation cores through domain engineering with the generation of Mg vacancies (V) by controlling point defects to achieve low lattice thermal conductivity and high power factor in n-type and p-type MgSn single crystals (SCs). The V domain with ordered atomic arrangements allowed carrier transport with minimal scattering, while the high dislocation density at the interface effectively scattered phonons, thereby decoupling carrier-phonon transport.

Transcriptomic Profiles for Elucidating Response of Bladder Intracavitary Hyperthermic Perfusion Chemotherapy in High-Risk Nonmuscular Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: Bladder intracavitary hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a promising treatment for non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the response to HIPEC remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the transcriptomic profiles associated with the response to HIPEC in NMIBC patients.

Necklace-Structured PVA Sponges for Fast Bleeding Control in the Punctured Femoral Artery Hemorrhage.

Uncontrollable hemorrhage from deep, narrow wounds poses a critical threat to life, as locating the bleeding arteries in such areas is challenging. Rapid bleeding control remains a significant challenge in pre-hospital care. Herein, an injectable hemostatic device filled with disc-like PVA sponges is developed for this objective.

Cell-free epigenomes enhanced fragmentomics-based model for early detection of lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality, highlighting the need for innovative non-invasive early detection methods. Although cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis shows promise, its sensitivity in early-stage lung cancer patients remains a challenge. This study aimed to integrate insights from epigenetic modifications and fragmentomic features of cfDNA using machine learning to develop a more accurate lung cancer detection model.

Effect of visceral fat area on prognosis of patients undergoing radical gastrectomy and construction of nomogram.

Background: We aim to investigate the impact of visceral fat area (VFA) on the prognosis of patients following radical gastric resection and develop a nomogram prediction model to forecast the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 156 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer in the 900th hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force from April 2018 to April 2020. We collected the CT image data and clinicopathological data one week prior to the operation and then used software to calculate the VFA, dividing it into two groups: a low VFA group (n = 71) and a high VFA group (n = 85).

A multilayered regulatory network mediated by protein phosphatase 4 controls carbon catabolite repression and de-repression in Magnaporthe oryzae.

Carbon catabolite repression (CCR) and de-repression (CCDR) are critical for fungal development and pathogenicity, yet the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood in pathogenic fungi. Here, we identify a serine/threonine protein phosphatase catalytic subunit, Pp4c, as essential for growth, conidiation, virulence, and the utilization of carbohydrates and lipids in Magnaporthe oryzae. We demonstrate that the protein phosphatase 4 complex (Pp4c and Smek1 subunits), the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) Snf1, and the transcriptional regulators CreA (repressor) and Crf1 (activator) collaboratively regulate the utilization of non-preferred carbon sources.

Correlations between 14-gene RNA-level assay and clinical and molecular features in resectable non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Accurate risk stratification is essential for optimizing treatment strategies. A 14-gene RNA-level assay of lung cancer, which involves quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples, offers a promising approach.

[Application of CT Radiomics in Predicting Differentiation Level of Lung Adenocarcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the value of prediction of the differentiation level in lung adenocarcinoma based on CT radiomics model.

Methods: Data from 507 patients with postoperative pathological confirmed lung adenocarcinoma and clearly defined differentiation level of lung adenocarcinoma were retrospective analyzed. The enrolled cases were divided into poorly differentiation group and moderate-to-high differentiation group based on the grading criteria.

Evaluating safety and efficacy of plastic versus metal stenting in malignant hilar biliary obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Stenting malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO) is challenging due to its complex structure, and it is less effective than blockages in the distal bile duct area. Plastic stents (PSs) and metal stents (MSs) are commonly used for stenting MHBO. This study aims to compare the outcomes of PSs and MSs in MHBO patients.

The endosomal-vacuolar transport system acts as a docking platform for the Pmk1 MAP kinase signaling pathway in Magnaporthe oryzae.

In Magnaporthe oryzae, the Pmk1 MAP kinase signaling pathway regulates appressorium formation, plant penetration, effector secretion, and invasive growth. While the Mst11-Mst7-Pmk1 cascade was characterized two decades ago, knowledge of its signaling in the intracellular network remains limited. In this study, we demonstrate that the endosomal surface scaffolds Pmk1 MAPK signaling and Msb2 activates Ras2 on endosomes in M.

Active Vibration Control and Parameter Optimization of Genetic Algorithm for Partially Damped Composites Beams.

The paper partially covered Active Constrained Layer Damping (ACLD) cantilever beams' dynamic modeling, active vibration control, and parameter optimization techniques as the main topic of this research. The dynamic model of the viscoelastic sandwich beam is created by merging the finite element approach with the Golla Hughes McTavish (GHM) model. The governing equation is constructed based on Hamilton's principle.

Role of respiratory system microbiota in development of lung cancer and clinical application.

Microbes play a significant role in human tumor development and profoundly impact treatment efficacy, particularly in immunotherapy. The respiratory tract extensively interacts with the external environment and possesses a mucosal immune system. This prompts consideration of the relationship between respiratory microbiota and lung cancer.