Development and validation of a machine learning-based prediction model for frailty in older adults with diabetes: a study protocol for a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Frailty is a common condition in older adults with diabetes, which significantly increases the risk of adverse health outcomes. Early identification of frailty in this population is crucial for implementing timely interventions. However, there is a lack of specific prediction models for frailty in older adults with diabetes.

Suppression of Spin-Orbit Torque Switching by the Magnetic Proximity Effect.

Functional magnetic multilayers are particularly interesting for enabling many emerging spintronic physics, including spin-orbit torque (SOT), magnetic proximity effect (MPE), and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), among many others. A comprehension of these spintronic phenomena is vital for the development of advanced spintronic materials and devices. Here, we investigate the interplay between the MPE and the current-induced SOT switching in the perpendicularly magnetized Pt/[Co/Pd] multilayers (with being the number of repetitions).

Transcriptomic analysis identifies key genes associated with nutrient deprivation responses in infectious bursal disease virus infection.

Unlabelled: Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes a highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease that severely impacts the poultry industry. However, the molecular basis of IBDV-induced immunosuppression remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigate key genes implicated in this process, focusing on the interplay between metabolism and immune regulation.

Circulating metabolic biomarkers predict incident sepsis: a large-scale population study in the UK Biobank.

Background: Currently, there is an absence of large-scale research focusing on the metabolome profiles of individuals prior to the development of sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of circulating Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) metabolic biomarkers with the risk of incident sepsis and the predictive ability of these metabolites for sepsis.

Methods: The analysis utilized plasma metabolomic data measuring through NMR from the UK Biobank, which involved baseline plasma samples of 106,533 participants.

Identification of genes and lncRNAs for intramuscular and subcutaneous fat deposition in ducks by transcriptome analysis.

The purpose of this study was to identify key lncRNAs and mRNAs involved in fat deposition of meat ducks based on whole transcriptome sequencing for intramuscular preadipocyte (IMP-0), intramuscular adipocyte after 4 days of induction (IMP-4), subcutaneous preadipocyte (SCP-0), and subcutaneous adipocyte after 4 days of induction (SCP-4). We found 1419 and 697 differentially expressed genes and lncRNAs in the IMP-0-vs-IMP-4 group, respectively. There were 2307 and 1180 differentially expressed genes and differential lncRNAs, respectively, in the SCP-0-vs-SCP-4 group.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Annexin Gene Family in Vitis vinifera and Functional Analysis of VvANN8 Under Salt Stress.

Grapes are economically significant fruit trees cultivated globally, but they are often affected by various abiotic stresses. Plant annexins are a class of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins that play crucial roles in regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the functions of grape annexins (VvANNs) remain relatively poorly understood.

The practical impact of indoor temperature on the productivity of prefabricated construction workers using electroencephalogram data.

Comprehending the optimal indoor temperature to augment the productivity and cognitive well-being of prefabricated construction workers (PCWs) is essential for enhancing efficiency and safety in construction. Twenty-four workers participated in experiments conducted at indoor temperatures of 24℃, 27℃, 30℃, and 33℃. During the experiments, workers underwent neurobehavioral tests at different indoor temperatures, and thermal sensation and comfort questionnaires were administered post-test to evaluate thermal comfort.

Targeting epigenetic regulators as a promising avenue to overcome cancer therapy resistance.

Cancer remains one of the leading health threats globally, with therapeutic resistance being a long-standing challenge across chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. In recent years, the association between epigenetic modification abnormalities and therapeutic resistance in tumors has garnered widespread attention, spurring interest in the development of approaches to target epigenetic factors. In this review, we explore the widespread dysregulation and crosstalk of various types of epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA changes, which interact through complex regulatory networks in tumors.

Spontaneous Perforated Uterine Pyometra Presenting With Abdominal Pain and Nausea.

Pyometra perforation is a rare and severe gynecological acute abdomen. If diagnosis and treatment are not timely, it can lead to septic shock and even endanger the patient's life. Here, we present a 68-year-old postmenopausal woman who presented with symptoms of upper abdominal pain accompanied by nausea.

Comparative analysis of duck meat quality in different breeds and age.

Meat quality of ducks is influenced by factors such as breed, age, genotype and growing conditions. This study investigated growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, amino acid, nucleotide and fatty acid composition in ducks of different breeds and ages. Cherry Valley ducks showed superior feed efficiency, body weight, and meat yield.

Cytoskeletal signaling as a shared pathway for convergent genetic mechanisms underlying loss of flight in birds.

Loss of flight in birds is an adaptive feature of evolutionary processes. Morphological and physiological differences are known among flightless bird species; however, the genetic mechanisms behind them are largely unexplored. Notably, wild birds and poultry that have lost flight owing to evolution and domestication, respectively, show phenotypic convergence, suggesting that different selective pressures through the same genetic pathways may cause loss of flight in birds; however, little is known about the genetic basis of this potential commonality.

In Situ Cross-Linked Porous Starch Microencapsulation Enhances the Colonization of In Vivo.

In this study, we developed novel porous starch (PS)/ (LS) microcapsules via in situ cross-linking with sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), using (LJ), (LA), and (LGG) as representative strains. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the cross-linked microcapsules (designated as PS/LS-CL: PS/LJ-CL, PS/LA-CL, PS/LGG-CL) formed aggregated structures with denser microarchitecture compared to uncross-linked porous starch/ microcapsules (designated as PS/LS: PS/LJ, PS/LA, PS/LGG). The encapsulation efficiencies of PS/LJ-CL, PS/LA-CL, and PS/LGG-CL (79.

Adherence to life's essential 8 and progression trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score, developed by the American Heart Association to evaluate cardiovascular health (CVH), was recently updated. Few studies have explored its effect on the incidence, progression, and prognosis of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM). This study examines the association between the LE8 and the progress of CMM.

Mechanism of circRNA_4083 Circularization and Its Role in Regulating Cell Viability.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of covalently closed non-coding RNAs, are pivotal regulators of gene expression and contributors to disease pathogenesis. This study elucidated the biogenesis, functional significance, and regulatory network of circRNA_4083, a novel exon-derived circRNA originating from exons 22 and 23 of the gene in chicken. Through comprehensive molecular characterization-including Sanger sequencing, RNase R digestion assays, and subcellular localization-we confirmed the robust stability and predominant cytoplasmic localization of circRNA_4083 across diverse chicken tissues.

LncRNA CA13/EFTUD2/CA13 caused crossed beak by regulating the mandibular calcification in chicken.

Crossed beak is a beak deformity that reduces feeding and drinking in affected chickens, thereby diminishing chicken production performance. Previous studies have shown that long non-coding RNA CA13 (lncRNA CA13), as an upstream regulator of carbonic anhydrase 13 (CA13), exhibited down-regulated expression in the lateral mandibular condyles of the short bone branch in cross-beaked chickens along with CA13. The study investigated the expression characteristics of lncRNA CA13 and its regulatory relationship with CA13 and elongation factor Tu GTP-binding domain-containing protein 2 (EFTUD2), laying the groundwork for the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA CA13 in chicken mandibular mineralization.

Interferon regulatory factor-1-expressing astrocytes are epigenetically controlled and exacerbate TBI-associated pathology in mice.

Astrocyte heterogeneity is closely associated with the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly in the development of cerebral edema, which is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with TBI. However, little is known about how certain astrocyte subpopulations contribute to the development of cerebral edema after acute brain injury. Using multiomics approaches, we identified a proinflammatory interferon regulatory factor-1-positive (IRF1) astrocyte cluster that correlates with clinical severity and outcomes in patients with TBI.

Association between triglyceride-glucose related indicators, genetic risk, and incident breast cancer among postmenopausal women in UK Biobank.

Background: The potential links between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) related indicators and breast cancer incidence after menopause have been less well studied, and the joint associations between genetic risk, TyG related indicators, and breast cancer are unknown.

Methods: Simple surrogate indicators of insulin resistance including TyG, TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), TyG-waist to height ratio (TyG-WHtR), TyG-waist to hip ratio (TyG-WHR), TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI). Genetic susceptibility in breast cancer was estimated by categorizing polygenic risk scores (PRS).

EccDNA-Driven VPS41 Amplification Alleviates Genotoxic Stress via Lysosomal KAI1 Degradation.

Genotoxic therapies such as ionizing radiation eliminate cancer cells by inducing extensive DNA damage but often cause normal tissue toxicity, including cutaneous injury. Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) refers to circular DNA fragments outside the chromosomal context, with their formation and persistence linked to DNA damage repair and genomic instability. Despite growing recognition of eccDNA in oncogenesis, its role under genotoxic stress in normal tissues remains poorly understood.

Association of rotating shift work with incident irritable bowel syndrome: a large population-based prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Limited epidemiological study has examined the association between rotating shift work and risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aimed to investigate the association between shift work and risk of IBS and explore the potential mediating factors for the association.

Methods: A total of 268,290 participants from the UK Biobank were included.

Identification of key genes associated with residual feed intake in small-sized meat ducks through integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA transcriptomes.

As a major producer and consumer of duck meat, China faces industry challenges due to low feed conversion efficiency. Residual feed intake (RFI), a key metric for poultry feed utilization, remains poorly characterized in small-sized meat ducks. We raised 1,000 ducklings with similar initial body weight (BW) under controlled conditions until 63 days of age.

Advances in Ice-Templated Graphene Aerogels: Fabrication, Properties, and Applications.

Graphene has been one of the most widely explored two-dimensional (2D) assemblies due to its outstanding mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties resulting from its unique characteristics of high anisotropy and strong carbon-carbon bonds. Aerogels, characterized by their ultralow density and ultrahigh specific surface area, stand out as leading porous materials. Therefore, the integration of graphene and aerogels would boost the development of multifunctional porous materials.

Envelope spectrum knowledge-guided domain invariant representation learning strategy for intelligent fault diagnosis of bearing.

Deep learning has significantly advanced bearing fault diagnosis. Traditional models rely on the assumption of independent and identically distributed, which is frequently violated due to variations in rotational speeds and loads during bearing fault diagnosis. The fault diagnosis of the bearing based on representation learning lacks the consideration of spectrum knowledge and representation diversity under multiple working conditions.

ISFET Biosensor with Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Electronic Rapid Detection of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is the main culprit of community-acquired pneumonia. Commonly used laboratory testing methods have many shortcomings. Serological diagnosis has low sensitivity, causing false negatives, while a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) requires large equipment and professional staff.