Risk factor identification mechanism for coronary artery disease based on multiple cross-filtering and binary cuckoo search.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major public health concern, necessitating accurate risk factor identification. However, existing methods often suffer from feature preference bias and insufficient multidimensional evaluation, limiting their reliability. To address this, we propose a novel two-stage mechanism integrating multiple cross-filtering and binary cuckoo search (BCS).

Gradual succession of dominant pathway from autotrophic to heterotrophic metabolism with the increment of C/N in pyrite-based biofilm-electrode reactor (PBER).

This study evaluated a pyrite-based biofilm-electrode reactor (PBER) for nitrate removal under varying C/N ratios. Optimal performance occurred at a C/N ratio of 3.0, achieving a NO-N removal efficiency (NRE) of 94.

Diurnal variation mapping of urban NO concentrations at high spatial resolution using mobile phone signaling data.

Atmospheric NO remains one of the primary pollutant gases in urban areas. However, current techniques such as ground-based measurements, remote sensing, and atmospheric chemistry models have persistently faced challenges in monitoring sub-daily NO concentrations at high spatial resolution. Mobile phone signaling data holds significant potential for characterizing human activity intensity, offering new opportunities to track near-surface NO concentrations with refined spatiotemporal precision.

A biopiezocatalyst harnessing mechanical energy to enhance bioplastic production from CO and organic carbon.

The sustainable bioproduction of chemicals from CO remains far from reaching its full potential. The productivity of autotrophic bioprocesses could benefit from harnessing ubiquitous mechanical energy sources, which are inaccessible for energizing bioproduction systems to this day. In this work, we develop a hybrid system where the efficient piezocatalyst zinc oxide (ZnO) harnesses mechanical vibration to stimulate the growth of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Cupriavidus necator and its production of the bioplastic polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) from CO.

Atomistic Insights into Topochemical Reactions in the BiFeO System.

Room-temperature multiferroic BiFeO (BFO) is a promising candidate for next-generation memory and spintronic devices, but its synthesis is hindered by metastability and complex phase evolution pathways. Achieving atomic-scale control over these pathways is critical for unlocking BFO's functional potential. Here, we integrate atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and density functional theory to dissect the BFO formation mechanism using annealed Bi/Fe thin-film model systems.

Discovery of Zharp1-163 as a dual inhibitor of ferroptosis and necroptosis for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and kidney injury.

Dysregulation of cell death plays a critical role in the onset and progression of numerous human diseases. Distinct forms of regulated cell death, such as necroptosis and ferroptosis, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders and acute kidney injury. Strategies that concurrently target both necroptosis and ferroptosis present significant potential for improving therapeutic outcomes.

Simulation-Based Design of an Electrically Tunable Beam-Steering Metasurface Driven by a Triboelectric Nanogenerator.

This study presents a simulation-based feasibility analysis of a beam steering metasurface, theoretically driven by mechanical energy harvested from human motion via a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). In the proposed model, the TENG converts biomechanical motion into alternating current (AC), which is rectified into direct current (DC) to bias varactor diodes integrated into each metasurface unit cell. These bias voltages are numerically applied to dynamically modulate the local reflection phase, enabling beam steering without external power.

YOLO-FFRD: Dynamic Small-Scale Pedestrian Detection Algorithm Based on Feature Fusion and Rediffusion Structure.

To address the challenges of detecting dynamic small targets such as pedestrians in complex dynamic environments for mobile robots, this paper proposes a dynamic small-target detection algorithm based on feature fusion and rediffusion structure, which is suitable for deployment on mobile robot platforms. Mobile robots can utilize depth camera information to identify and avoid small targets like pedestrians and vehicles in complex environments. Traditional deep learning-based object detection algorithms perform poorly when applied to the field of mobile robotics, especially in detecting dynamic small targets.

Temperature Field and Temperature Effects for Concrete Box Girder Bridges Based on Monitoring Data and Numerical Simulation.

The temperature field distribution and temperature effects of concrete box girder bridges were found to be critical to their long-term service safety. Based on long-term structural health monitoring data, the temperature field and temperature effects of a curved continuous concrete box girder bridge in Wuhan were investigated. A finite element model of the temperature field was established through the combined application of finite element software.

Aramid Fiber-Reinforced Plastics (AFRPs) in Aerospace: A Review of Recent Advancements and Future Perspectives.

This review examines the application of aramid fiber-reinforced plastics (AFRPs) in the aerospace industry, highlighting their significance in enhancing aircraft performance. Aramid fibers, such as Kevlar and Twaron, have emerged as key materials due to their exceptional tensile strength, low density, and thermal stability. However, challenges persist in manufacturing, durability, and multifunctionality.

The Effect of the Fresh Latex Ratio on the Composition and Properties of Bio-Coagulated Natural Rubber.

By proportionally blending fresh latex from PR107, Reyan 72059, and Reyan 73397, and employing both acid- and enzyme-assisted microbial coagulation methods, this study analyzed the effects of the specific latex formulation on the following: physicochemical properties, non-rubber components, molecular weight and distribution, vulcanization characteristics of compounded rubber, and physical-mechanical properties of vulcanized natural rubber. The results indicate that, compared to acid-coagulated natural rubber, enzyme-assisted microbial coagulated natural rubber exhibits slightly lower levels of volatile matter, impurities, plasticity retention index (PRI), nitrogen content, calcium ions (Ca), iron ions (Fe), and fatty acid content. Conversely, it demonstrates higher values in ash content, initial plasticity (P), Mooney viscosity (M), acetone extract, magnesium ions (Mg), copper ions (Cu), manganese ions (Mn), gel content, molecular weight and distribution, and glass transition temperature (Tg).

Reconstruction and Microstructure Characterization of Tailings Materials with Varying Particle Sizes.

With the continuous increase in mining activities, effective tailings management has become a critical concern in geotechnical and environmental engineering. This study systematically investigates the microstructural characteristics and 3D reconstruction behavior of copper tailings with different particle sizes using X-ray computed tomography (micro-CT), digital image processing, and 3D modeling techniques. Two particle size groups (fine: 0.

Modification of the Zeolite Heulandite with N-(3-Triethoxysilylpropyl)guanidines Offers an Effective Approach to Enhancing Its Adsorption Capacity for Heavy Metal Ions.

Zeolites are widely used as adsorbents due to their porous structure and ion-exchange capabilities. However, their adsorption efficiency for heavy metal ions remains limited. To enhance their performance, the natural zeolite heulandite () was functionalized with guanidine derivatives: N-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]guanidine (), -aminoguanidine (), and -acetyl-guanidine ().

Recent developments in nitroxide-mediated aerobic oxidations.

Alcohol oxidations are prevalent reactions in organic synthesis, at both industrial and laboratory scales. Nitroxyl radicals constitute a versatile class of reagents, finding extensive use as catalysts for the oxidation of organic molecules. The development of novel, versatile methodologies holds promise to enhance the efficiency of synthetic strategies relying on class-selective oxidation.

Waste-Free Closed-Loop-Recyclable and Thermally Superinsulating Polyimide Aerogels Utilizing Diels-Alder Chemistry.

Organic aerogels are an advanced class of lightweight materials with ultralow thermal conductivity and high porosity, widely used in applications such as thermal insulation, energy storage, and aerospace engineering. Among them, polyimide aerogels stand out for their excellent thermal stability, mechanical strength, and chemical resistance. However, their permanently cross-linked networks make them non-recyclable, posing a significant sustainability challenge.

Engineering noncentrosymmetry in 2D atomic crystals chemical vapor deposition.

In contrast to extensively studied centrosymmetric 2D materials, noncentrosymmetric 2D atomic crystals (2DACs) exhibit unique properties-such as nonlinear optical responses, ferroelectricity, and piezoelectricity-making them promising for next-generation optoelectronics and quantum devices. Despite their potential, the controlled synthesis and scalable fabrication of these materials remain challenging, limiting further exploration of their physics and applications. This Feature Article highlights our group's recent advances in engineering noncentrosymmetry in 2DACs chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

Rapid construction of furan-linked bisheterocycles a palladium-catalyzed domino Heck/cross-coupling reaction.

A palladium-catalyzed domino Heck/cross-coupling reaction of alkene-tethered aryl iodides with β-chloroenones is reported. This reaction enables the formation of one C-O bond and two C-C bonds to construct bisheterocycles in a single operation an intramolecular carbopalladation, followed by a carbene-based cross-coupling with β-chloroenones as a non-diazo carbene precursor, providing an efficient method for synthesizing furan-linked dihydrobenzofurans/oxindoles in yields up to 98%.

Programmable Deoxychlorination/Aromatization of 1-Tetralones to Access Multisubstituted 1-Chloronaphthalenes via an Interrupted Vilsmeier-Haack Reaction.

An unprecedented programmable sequential orthogonal deoxychlorination/aromatization of various tetralones was successfully developed for the straightforward construction of valuable multisubstituted 1-chloronaphthalenes via an interrupted Vilsmeier-Haack reaction. High efficiency, excellent site selectivity, as well as good functional group compatibility were achieved under noble-metal-free inexpensive conditions. Aiming to realize precision chemistry goal, several artificially controllable sequences were further rationally designed to access a series of highly functionalized useful 1-chloronaphthalene derivatives, which were prepared costly by previously reported methods.

Predictive analysis of concrete tensile strength using metaheuristic algorithms helping a neural network.

In most construction projects, concrete is a widely used material in different structural elements due to its suitable mechanical behavior. Therefore, it is crucial to achieve a dependable estimation of the concrete mechanical parameters such as tensile strength. In this research, a well-known machine learning model-multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN)-is optimized by multi-tracker optimization algorithm (MTOA) to avoid computational insufficiencies.

High-Temperature Sintering of Garnet Solid Electrolyte LiLaZrO: A Comparative Study of Induction Hot Pressing and Spark Plasma Sintering.

Allsolidstate Li-metal batteries are emerging as a transformative energy storage technology, driven by the demand for higher energy density and enhanced safety in electric vehicles (EVs). Among myriad solid electrolytes, garnet-type LiLaZrO (LLZO) has attracted significant attention due to its high room-temperature (RT) Li-ion conductivity (>10 S cm) and chemical stability against metallic Li anodes. Nevertheless, achieving highly dense LLZO remains challenging, as conventional sintering methods, such as pressureless sintering or hot pressing (HP), require prolonged processing times, resulting in Li loss and low densification.

Reconfigurable Self-Assembling Photocatalytic Magnetic Liquid Metal Microrobot Swarm for Microplastic Capture and Degradation.

Microplastic pollution has emerged as a global environmental concern, requiring effective methods for its capture and removal from ecosystems. Inspired by natural swarming behaviors, micro/nanorobot swarms are developed to address challenges in fields such as environmental remediation. An innovative solution is presented designing reconfigurable and regenerable liquid metal microrobots (LiquidBots) made from bio-friendly gallium-based liquid metal.

Ionic Liquid Top Surface Engineering: In Situ GIWAXS Insights Into 1D/3D Heterojunction Perovskite Formation.

Low-dimensional perovskites have been demonstrated repeatedly to improve the performance of perovskite photovoltaic devices in both light-to-electricity conversion efficiency and device durability. In this work, the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (EMIMHSO) is innovatively introduced as a capping layer, which interacts with the residual PbI on the 3D perovskite top surface to generate the 1D perovskite, EMIMPbI. By adjusting the concentration of the IL, 1D perovskite formations with distinct morphologies is achieved.

Hybrid Hydrogel Evaporators Integrated with the BiOI/BiS Heterojunctions for Enhanced Solar Desalination and Photocatalytic Reduction.

Solar-driven water purification is a key strategy for freshwater production. In this study, BiOI/BiS poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel (BPH) that integrates photothermal and photocatalytic effects for synergistic desalination and heavy metal ion removal is reported. The hybrid hydrogel serves as an efficient platform for steam generation and Cr (VI) reduction due to its dynamic hydrophilic network.

Hierarchically porous UiO-67-bpy metal-organic gels for efficient tetracycline removal.

The existence of TC residues in the environment and the resultant development of opposition mechanisms constitute a serious menace to both ecological systems and human health. In the present study, UiO-67-bpy-X gels were prepared by the introduction of Hbpydc ligands and acetic acid modifiers, followed by a systematic evaluation of their TC adsorption capabilities. Characterization results revealed that UiO-67-bpy-2.

Robotic Removal and Collection of Screws in Collaborative Disassembly of End-of-Life Electric Vehicle Batteries.

The recycling and remanufacturing of end-of-life (EoL) electric vehicle (EV) batteries are urgent challenges for a circular economy. Disassembly is crucial for handling EoL EV batteries due to their inherent uncertainties and instability. The human-robot collaborative disassembly of EV batteries as a semi-automated approach has been investigated and implemented to increase flexibility and productivity.