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Low-dimensional perovskites have been demonstrated repeatedly to improve the performance of perovskite photovoltaic devices in both light-to-electricity conversion efficiency and device durability. In this work, the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (EMIMHSO) is innovatively introduced as a capping layer, which interacts with the residual PbI on the 3D perovskite top surface to generate the 1D perovskite, EMIMPbI. By adjusting the concentration of the IL, 1D perovskite formations with distinct morphologies is achieved. Time-resolved GIWAXS studies allows to track the formation process of 1D perovskite on the 3D perovskite top surface. Moreover, GIWAXS at varying angles provide insights into the IL's role in the management of PbI distribution. Further analyses, including in situ PL and ICP-MS, demonstrates that the 1D perovskite layer effectively enhances the stability of the final 3D perovskite. This stabilization, combines with defect passivation of the 1D perovskite and its effective management of residual PbI, enables the 1D/3D device to achieve a PCE of 25.01%, a marked improvement over the pristine 3D device. Additionally, the 1D/3D device displays superior long-term durability, retaining 94% of its initial PCE after 2000 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, while the 3D device maintains only 66% of its initial PCE.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202401852 | DOI Listing |
Small Methods
September 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
Monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem (PST) solar cells are rapidly emerging as next-generation solar cells with significant potential for commercialization. This study presents a proof of concept for a silicon diffused junction-based PST cell, utilizing a passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) cell with a low-temperature (<200 °C) laser-fired contact process to minimize thermal damage. By introducing amorphous silicon to the emitter surface of PERC bottom cell, the open circuit voltage (V) improve from 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Soc Echocardiogr
September 2025
Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Background: The shape of the continuous wave Doppler (CWD) envelope in functional tricuspid valve regurgitation (fTR) results from the dynamic interplay between flow, pressure gradient and impedance. Although the v-wave cut-off shape in fTR is a well-recognized feature of severe TR, the complete spectrum of TR CWD shapes across the different fTR severity ranges has not been thoroughly explored, which is the scope of the present study.
Methods: In 245 patients with fTR, TR was graded with transthoracic echocardiography using the corrected proximal isovelocity surface area method and CWD shapes were scored, both qualitatively (using visual scoring into parabolic, triangular or v-wave cut-off categories) and quantitatively using a novel Vmax/Vmean parameter and time-to-peak velocity corrected for TR duration (TTP/TRD).
Sci Adv
September 2025
Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
Surface-emitting lasers featuring optical bound states in the continuum (BICs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative to vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers. However, structural damage caused by top-down fabrication processes remains as a major obstacle that limits device performance. Here, we overcome this bottleneck by demonstrating surface-emitting quasi-BIC lasers fabricated with a bottom-up, etching-free process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Research Group of Optical Properties of Materials (GPOM), Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, León, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico.
This study presents a systematic analysis of the impact of polymer hole transport layers (HTLs) in inverted MAPbI perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Devices were fully fabricated under regular atmospheric conditions (≈40% humidity) and low temperature (100 °C) by using Field's Metal (FM) as an alternative top electrode. The widely known π-conjugated polymers P3HT, PTB7-Th, PBDB-T, and MEH-PPV were used as HTLs, and all of them show suitable energy alignment to MAPbI, offering good moisture stability, solution processability, low cost, and attractiveness for large area and flexible PSCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
September 2025
Center of Reproductive Medicine, Yulin Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yulin, China.
Background: The incidence of thin endometrium in assisted reproductive technology (ART) is between 1% and 2.5%, yet its treatment options are varied and often show limited efficacy. There is an urgent need to delineate the relative effectiveness of various interventions to guide clinical practice.
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