A comprehensive framework of health risk assessment for antibiotic resistance in aquatic environments: Status, progress, and perspectives.

Antibiotic resistance (AR), driven by antibiotics as emerging pollutants, has become a critical global health threat, jeopardizing both environmental and human health. The persistence and spread of AR in aquatic ecosystems are governed by the intricate interplay between antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), which collectively influences its occurrence, transportation, and fate in aquatic ecosystems. However, most assessments focus primarily on antibiotics and ARGs, often relying on single-factor criteria while overlooking critical influence factors such as ARG forms, non-antibiotic chemicals, antibiotic pressure, and microbial competition.

Many plants naturalized as aliens abroad have also become more common within their native regions.

Due to anthropogenic pressure some species have declined whereas others have increased within their native ranges. Simultaneously, many species introduced by humans have established self-sustaining populations elsewhere (i.e.

OsSPT38 encodes a novel SUMO E3 ligase that enhances rice stress resilience and grain yield.

Abiotic stresses severely threaten global food security, underscoring the need for resilient crop varieties. We identified OsSPT38, a previously uncharacterized SUMO E3 ligase in rice, and discovered a rare gain-of-function mutation (Gly212Asp) that enhances both stress resilience and yield. This phenotype was validated in 18 additional independent mutants and by base editing in the elite indica cultivar Huanghuazhan.

Agricultural disturbance reduces arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity and biomass by excluding specialist species.

This study investigates how agricultural disturbance influences arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal diversity, biomass, and community niche structure. Utilizing niche concepts, we show that the AM fungal communities in intensively managed soils exhibited larger niche volumes and an increased proportion of culturable taxa, which negatively impacted biomass production. This process was primarily driven by the reduction in specialist taxa, indicating a functional homogenization of the community.

Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction optimization of Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides, and combined analysis of the relationship between polysaccharide structure and activity by liquid chromatography and GC-MS.

Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide (CDPS) serves as a key active component in both medicinal and edible functional foods. By optimizing the enzyme ratio and ultrasonic extraction parameters, the extraction yield was raised to 23.83 %, and four fractions (CDPS-1 to CDPS-4) were obtained through graded purification.

Light-Signalling Regulators GmSTF3/4 Enhance Soybean Susceptibility to Cyst Nematodes via Activation of Sugar Transporters.

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a plant-parasitic nematode that causes substantial yield losses in soybean production. Light signalling is a critical environmental factor that influences photomorphogenesis and carbohydrate metabolism. However, its transcriptional regulation under pathogen-induced stress remains unclear.

Increased snowpack enhances ecological functions of cold-region constructed wetlands via plant-microbe interactions.

Snowpack variations in cold regions exert profound influences on the ecological functioning of constructed wetlands (CWs), particularly with respect to GHG emissions and nutrient removal. However, the underlying mechanisms have yet to be clarified. This study established pilot-scale vertical subsurface flow CWs in Northeast China, with Phragmites australis and Iris sibirica, and applied doubled snowpack (DS) and natural snow cover (CK) during winter.

Size effects of microplastics on competition between crop and weed via soil microbes.

Microplastics (MPs) are widespread contaminants in agroecosystems, with potential implications for soil microbial communities, plant growth, and crop-weed interactions. This study investigates how MPs of different particle sizes influence crop-weed competition by altering soil microbial communities. Through a controlled greenhouse experiment, we examined the effects of 50 μm and 500 μm polyethylene (PE) MPs on competition between Eruca sativa (crop) and Amaranthus retroflexus (weed).

Construction effect of fertile cultivated layer in albic soil. Ⅱ. Effects of deep tillage with organic materials on nutrient contents and pH in tillage layer of albic soil.

White slurry layer of albic soil has low fertility and poor nutrient availability. Organic material return to fields is a primary agricultural management practice for enhancing soil fertility. We examined the variations of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient contents and pH of the topsoil layer (0-15 cm) and subsoil (15-35 cm) layers of albic soil under different treatments, including deep tillage at 35 cm without organic materials (T), straw deep mixing at 35 cm (T+S), organic fertilizer deep mixing at 35 cm (T+M), combined straw and organic fertilizer deep mixing at 35 cm (T+M+S), and conventional tillage at 15 cm without organic materials as the control (CK).

Tire wear particles (TWPs) induced toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by affecting osmotic regulation, redox homeostasis, photosynthesis, and microbial density.

Tire wear particles (TWPs) are commonly found in soil environments; however, their impacts on soil ecosystems, particularly on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) physiology, remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TWPs at concentrations of T0 (control), T1 (0.

Global thermal tolerance compilation for freshwater invertebrates and fish.

Scientists have investigated the thermal tolerance of organisms for centuries, yet the field has not lost relevance as the environmental threats of thermal pollution and global change sharpen the need to understand the thermal vulnerability of organisms in landscapes increasingly subjected to multiple stressors. Freshwater fish and invertebrates are greatly underrepresented in recent large-scale compilations of thermal tolerance, despite the importance of freshwaters as a crucial resource and as havens for biodiversity. Therefore we compiled ThermoFresh, a thermal tolerance database for these organisms that includes literature from 1900 until the present, sourced from five languages to counteract geographic bias.

Impact of Reactive Chlorine on Atmospheric Oxidative Capacity in a Snowy Polluted Environment.

Reactive chlorine species can significantly influence the formation of secondary air pollutants. Due to limited observational data, their contribution to haze formation in cold environments remains poorly constrained. In this study, we conducted field measurements of reactive chlorine species in snowy Northeast China, a region frequently affected by wintertime haze events.

New insights into cadmium-modulated relationships of phosphorus-nitrogen functions under herbicide disturbance in cornfields.

Metallic micronutrients probably mediate the nutrient functions in soils with long-term herbicide application. However, will hazardous metal cadmium have a synergistic effect with herbicides, which amplifies the interference on soil nitrogen and phosphorus cycling functions? This study conducted a nationwide investigation to characterize the accumulation patterns of two typical herbicides (atrazine and nicosulfuron), cadmium, and metal micronutrients (iron, manganese, copper, and zinc) in maize fields. It specifically elucidated the individual disruptive effects of herbicides, the interaction mechanisms between herbicides and metals (particularly cadmium), and the key pathways and drivers influencing soil nitrogen-phosphorus functional linkages.

Differences in Diversity of Collembola Communities Between Primary and Secondary Forests and Driving Factors.

Primary forests harbor extraordinary biodiversity, but conversion from primary forests to secondary forests often leads to biodiversity loss and diminished ecosystem functioning. While much of the existing research has focused on plants and vertebrates, soil fauna-particularly Collembola-remain underexplored in this context. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of the Collembola diversity and community composition in primary and secondary forests across two regions in northeastern China.

Role of CclA Loss in Parametarhizium changbaiense in Enhancing Priming Resistance of Mung Bean Against Damping Off Induced by Rhizoctonia solani.

Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne pathogen causing destructive diseases on various economically important crops. Beneficial plant and fungus interactions are well acknowledged to enhance plant resistance to biotic stresses. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, especially the contribution of fungal epigenetic regulation remains poorly understood.

The small nucleolar RNA NON-CODING RNA 1 negatively regulates drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) function in ribosome biogenesis, and many ribosome biogenesis-related genes were downregulated by osmotic stress, implying a negative role of snoRNAs in drought tolerance. A snoRNA, namely, the NON-CODING RNA 1 (NCR1) was studied for its roles in drought tolerance in Arabidopsis. In comparison with wild-type (WT) plants, the loss-of-function ncr1 mutant plants showed enhanced drought tolerance, which was restored in the NCR1-complemented plants, whereas the NCR1-overexpressing plants revealed a drought-sensitive phenotype.

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) in a marine food web of the Yellow Sea, China: Bioaccumulation, trophodynamics, and model prediction.

In recent years, an increasing concern has been paid on the bioaccumulation and trophodynamics of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in marine food webs. In the present study, a total of 13 species of marine organisms (n = 165) was collected from Zifu Bay, the Yellow Sea of China for the determination of 8 OPEs. ∑OPEs in the organisms ranged from 8.

Mechanistic roles of GmSWEET10a/b and GmSUT1 in the oil-protein balance in soybean mature seeds at transcriptional and metabolic levels.

Previous investigations indicated that the soybean (Glycine max) SUGARS WILL EVENTUALLY BE EXPORTED TRANSPORTER10a/b (GmSWEET10a/b) genes promote oil accumulation, while inhibiting protein accumulation in seeds. To clarify the mechanisms modulated by GmSWEET10a/b in mediating the oil and protein accumulations in soybean seeds, an integrated comparative multiomics was conducted using the double gmsweet10a,b mutant and wild-type (WT) embryos. Spatial metabolomic analysis revealed that gmsweet10a,b embryos were surrounded by a sugar-reduced seed coat and experienced a sugar-starvation state in embryonic tissues in vivo.

Using CN Labeling Technology to Reveal the Fate of Maize Straw in Soil Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic Matter under Different Exogenous Microorganism-Mediated Conditions.

Understanding the fate of maize straw in soil organic matter (SOM) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) is essential for identifying key processes in plant residue (PRe) decomposition. This study quantified the distribution of maize straw-derived carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in SOM and DOM under different exogenous microorganisms using CN labeling. Treatments included fungi (, , and ), bacteria (), and combinations.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal association regulates global root-seed coordination.

Terrestrial plants exhibit immense variation in their form and function among species. Coordination between resource acquisition by roots and reproduction through seeds could promote the fitness of plant populations. How root and seed traits covary has remained unclear until our analysis of the largest-ever compiled joint global dataset of root traits and seed mass.

Alkaline stress suppresses soybean waterlogging tolerance by exacerbating energy expenditure and ROS accumulation.

To clarify the synergistic inhibition mechanisms of saline-alkali and waterlogging combined stress on soybean physiology, this study systematically analyzed phenotypic traits, photosynthetic characteristics, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and energy metabolism under saline-alkali (A + NW), waterlogging (NA + W), and combined stress (A + W). Results demonstrated that saline-alkali stress significantly impaired waterlogging-induced morphological adaptations, with A + W reducing dry weight and adventitious root number compared to W alone. Synergistic photosynthetic damage was observed: net photosynthetic rate (Pn) under A + W decreased markedly versus controls, while chlorophyll b content increased, suggesting PSII light-harvesting complex reorganization to mitigate photoinhibition.

Landscape changes elevate the risk of avian influenza virus diversification and emergence in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) persistently threaten wild waterfowl, domestic poultry, and public health. The East Asian-Australasian Flyway plays a crucial role in HPAIV dynamics due to its large populations of migratory waterfowl and poultry. Over recent decades, this flyway has undergone substantial landscape changes, including both losses and gains of waterfowl habitats.

Evaluation and genome-wide association study of saline-alkali tolerance in high-latitude rice resource populations.

Introduction: China is the world's third largest saline-alkali land country, and the breeding of salt-tolerant rice varieties has always been a key focus of rice breeders. Screening and identifying salt-tolerant varieties and exploring related genes are essential for breeding.

Methods: In this study, 450 high-latitude resource populations were planted on natural saline-alkali soil for 2 years under 2 treatments.