The effect of music listening style on music-induced analgesia.

Music listening may decrease pain via psychobiological mechanisms. Music listening style (MLS) influences music processing: Music empathizers (ME) focus on emotional aspects of music, whereas music systemizers (MS) focus on structural aspects, potentially affecting processes of music-induced analgesia. The effects of the MLS on music-induced analgesia might depend on the source of music selection (i.

Heat Stress Drives Rapid Viral and Antiviral Innate Immunity Activation in Hexacorallia.

The class Hexacorallia, encompassing stony corals and sea anemones, plays a critical role in marine ecosystems. Coral bleaching, the disruption of the symbiosis between stony corals and zooxanthellate algae, is driven by seawater warming and further exacerbated by pathogenic microbes. However, how pathogens, especially viruses, contribute to accelerated bleaching remains poorly understood.

Many plants naturalized as aliens abroad have also become more common within their native regions.

Due to anthropogenic pressure some species have declined whereas others have increased within their native ranges. Simultaneously, many species introduced by humans have established self-sustaining populations elsewhere (i.e.

variants drive chromosomal fission and accelerate speciation in zokors.

Chromosomal fissions and fusions are common, yet the molecular mechanisms and implications in speciation remain poorly understood. Here, we confirm a fission event in one zokor species through multiple-omics and functional analyses. We traced this event to a mutation in a splicing enhancer of the DNA repair gene in the fission-bearing species, which caused exon skipping and produced a truncated protein that disrupted DNA repair.

The Earth Hologenome Initiative: Data Release 1.

Background: The Earth Hologenome Initiative (EHI) is a global endeavor dedicated to revisit fundamental ecological and evolutionary questions from the systemic host-microbiota perspective, through the standardized generation and analysis of joint animal genomic and associated microbial metagenomic data.

Results: The first data release of the EHI contains 968 shotgun DNA sequencing read files containing 5.2 TB of raw genomic and metagenomic data derived from 21 vertebrate species sampled across 12 countries, as well as 17,666 metagenome-assembled genomes reconstructed from these data.

Density-dependent network structuring within and across wild animal systems.

Theory predicts that high population density leads to more strongly connected spatial and social networks, but how local density drives individuals' positions within their networks is unclear. This gap reduces our ability to understand and predict density-dependent processes. Here we show that density drives greater network connectedness at the scale of individuals within wild animal populations.

Thermally resistant coral Stylophora pistillata survives but does not thrive under chronic elevated baseline temperature.

Coral reefs are threatened worldwide from unprecedented increases in ocean temperatures, resulting in corals gradually living closer to their maximum thermal threshold. With ocean temperatures expected to warm up to 3 °C by 2100, understanding the effects of chronic elevated baseline temperature is important in determining the thermal physiological limits of corals and developing realistic restoration strategies to ensure the future of coral reefs. Here, we tested the effects of 26 weeks (i.

Free Energy Projective Simulation (FEPS): Active inference with interpretability.

In the last decade, the free energy principle (FEP) and active inference (AIF) have achieved many successes connecting conceptual models of learning and cognition to mathematical models of perception and action. This effort is driven by a multidisciplinary interest in understanding aspects of self-organizing complex adaptive systems, including elements of agency. Various reinforcement learning (RL) models performing active inference have been proposed and trained on standard RL tasks using deep neural networks.

Selectivity profiles and substrate recognition of Rab-phosphorylating kinases.

The Rab GTPase switch-2 region is a hotspot for post-translational modifications. Its phosphorylation can determine whether individuals develop Parkinson's disease or not. Other modifications of the same region are catalyzed by enzymes from bacterial pathogens when they infect human cells.

Retention of increased maximum oxyregulation capacity in corals transplanted from an extreme mangrove environment to a reef flat.

Loss of oxygen (O) from the world's oceans to physiologically-critical levels ("hypoxia") is an important, yet understudied stressor for coral reefs. However, extreme reef-neighbouring ecosystems such as mangrove lagoons that are routinely subjected to frequent low-pO exposure (i.e.

Electrophysiological recordings reveal photoreceptor coupling in the dorsal rim areas of honeybee and bumblebee eyes.

Many insects rely on skylight polarization patterns to navigate their habitats. To perform this vital task, most insect species have evolved specialized ommatidia in the dorsal rim area (DRA) of their compound eyes, which are adapted to detect linearly polarized light in large patches of the sky. In this study, we conducted electrophysiological recordings of ultraviolet-sensitive photoreceptors in the DRA and other regions of the compound eyes in honeybees () and bumblebees () to map their receptive fields (RFs).

Prevalence and risk factors of mental health symptoms of individuals in different detention settings: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The prevalence of mental health symptoms is substantially higher in incarcerated individuals than in the general public. However, little is known how different types of incarceration, including pre-trial and correctional detention as well as detention exclusively for deportation proceedings (administrative detention), are associated with mental health symptoms. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of mental health symptoms in this vulnerable population and examine the impact of different types of detention as well as risk factors on their mental health symptoms.

Programmed seasonal brain shrinkage in the common shrew via water loss without cell death.

Brain plasticity, the brain's inherent ability to adapt its structure and function, is crucial for responding to environmental challenges but is usually not linked to a significant change in size. A striking exception to this is Dehnel's phenomenon, where seasonal reversible brain-size reduction occurs in some small mammals to decrease metabolic demands during resource-scarce winter months. Despite these volumetric changes being well documented, the specific microstructural alterations that facilitate this adaptation remain poorly understood.

Perceptions of Social Mobility, Gender, and Progressive Politics.

Extensive research explores the relationship between deepening conflict over socio-cultural issues and stagnating social mobility, typically focusing on men. Upwardly mobile women are routinely mentioned as belonging to the progressive "winners" of the knowledge-based society, yet their experiences and politics have received far less attention. This paper theorizes and investigates how women view their individual and collective trajectories and how these views relate to perceptions of future opportunities and political attitudes.

Children's Reasoning about Challenging Social Exclusion of Peers with Learning Difficulties.

Inclusive classrooms aim to promote the social participation of children with learning difficulties (LD). Research shows that children without LD view it as fair to include their peers with LD into the classroom community. Still, children with LD often face social exclusion.

Deciphering the underlying repercussions of cognitive overload on university students' fatigue, frustration and academic productivity: Implementation of stimulus-organism-response model.

Extant studies suggest that cognitive overload, as a nascent phenomenon, has become increasingly pervasive among university students, precipitating a multitude of detrimental consequences. Nevertheless, the adverse impacts of cognitive overload, particularly on Chinese higher education students, remain markedly underexplored in the extant literature. To improve academic understanding, this research combines quantitative data with the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) framework, constructing a robust theoretical model that elucidates the antecedents and sequelae of cognitive overload in relation to academic productivity in educational contexts.

Bioacoustic fundamental frequency estimation: a cross-species dataset and deep learning baseline.

The fundamental frequency (F0) is a key parameter for characterising structures in vertebrate vocalisations, for instance defining vocal repertoires and their variations at different biological scales ( population dialects, individual signatures). However, the task is too laborious to perform manually, and its automation is complex. Despite significant advancements in the fields of speech and music for automatic F0 estimation, similar progress in bioacoustics has been limited.

BioBricks.ai: a versioned data registry for life sciences data assets.

Introduction: Researchers in biomedicine and public health often spend weeks locating, cleansing, and integrating data from disparate sources before analysis can begin. This redundancy slows discovery and leads to inconsistent pipelines.

Methods: We created BioBricks.

Species-specific retention vs. recovery of coral thermal tolerance following nursery propagation.

Thermal screening of coral source material is likely crucial to enhancing long-term restoration success under ocean warming. It is unclear, however, whether reef-based donor colonies retain their thermal tolerance in a nursery environment. Here, we used CBASS acute thermal assays to compare standardized thermal tolerance thresholds (ED50s) of donor colonies from Acropora cytherea and Acropora florida from two sites in Pulau Lang Tengah, Malaysia to their 'nursery propagules' reared in a common garden coral nursery over 365 days.

Translational repression by 4E-T is crucial to maintain the prophase-I arrest in vertebrate oocytes.

Meiotic maturation of vertebrate oocytes occurs in the near-absence of transcription. Thus, female fertility relies on timely translational activation of maternal transcripts stockpiled in full-grown prophase-I-arrested oocytes. However, how expression of these mRNAs is suppressed to maintain the long-lasting prophase-I arrest remains mysterious.

Causal Inference Approaches Reveal Associations Between LDL Oxidation, NO Metabolism, Telomere Length and DNA Integrity Within the MARK-AGE Study.

Genomic instability markers are important hallmarks of aging, as previously evidenced within the European study of biomarkers of human aging, MARK-AGE; however, establishing the specific metabolic determinants of vascular aging is challenging. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the susceptibility to oxidation of serum LDL particles (LDLox) and the plasma metabolization products of nitric oxide (NOx) on relevant genomic instability markers. The analysis was performed on a MARK-AGE cohort of 1326 subjects (635 men and 691 women, 35-75 years old) randomly recruited from the general population.

Integrated behavioral and metabolically flexible responses of wild orangutans to ecologically driven dietary variation.

Diet and nutrition are critical factors influencing energetics and health. Laboratory studies show that organisms adjust to changes in nutrient intake through flexible metabolic responses such as fuel switching. While the physiological effects of nutrient balance in humans have been studied, data from closely related species living in nature are lacking.

Investigating the Interaction Profile of Unconjugated Ubiquitin: Chemical Biology and Affinity Enrichment Mass Spectrometric Approaches.

The covalent attachment of ubiquitin (Ub) to target proteins (ubiquitylation) represents one of the most versatile post-translational modifications (PTM) in eukaryotic cells. Substrate modifications range from a single Ub moiety being attached to a target protein to complex Ub chains that can also contain Ubls (Ub-like proteins) or chemical modifications like acetylation or phosphorylation. The entirety of this complex system is entitled as "the Ub code".

Staying sharp: Gendered work-family life courses and later-life cognitive functioning across four European welfare states.

Cognitive functioning in later life is influenced by reserves accumulated through employment and family roles over the life course. This study examined men's and women's combined employment, parenthood, and partnership roles between ages 15 and 49, and their associations with later-life memory. We used retrospective and prospective data from nine waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) for 5,638 men (24,199 observations) and 6,371 women (27,114 observations) in Italy, France, the Netherlands, and Sweden.

Replication-associated mechanisms contribute to an increased CpG > TpG mutation burden in mismatch repair-deficient cancers.

Background: Single base substitution (SBS) mutations, particularly C > T and T > C, are increased owing to unrepaired DNA replication errors in mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd) cancers. Excess CpG > TpG mutations have been reported in MMRd cancers defective in mismatch detection (dMutSα), but not in mismatch correction (dMutLα). Somatic CpG > TpG mutations conventionally result from unrepaired spontaneous deamination of 5'-methylcytosine throughout the cell cycle, causing T:G mismatches and signature SBS1.