Phase-Reconstruction of S-Doped (NiCo)WC for Efficient and Stable Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysis.

Developing highly active and stable nonprecious electrocatalysts toward sluggish alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for large-scale green hydrogen production via electrochemical water splitting. Here we report phase and surface co-reconstruction of S-doped (NiCo)WC nanoparticles into (NiCo)C with amorphous electroactive NiCoOOH layer for highly efficient alkaline OER by W dissolution and NiCo surface oxidation. The W dissolution results in the formation of Brønsted base WO ions, which electrostatically accumulate around electrode to promote water dissociation into abundant OH* intermediates, in situ constructing a locally strong alkaline microenvironment to facilitate OH* adsorption on NiCoOOH sites and trigger lattice-oxygen oxidation path.

Untangling teacher burnout: a network analysis of demands, resources, and out-of-field teaching challenges in rural China.

Introduction: Teacher burnout poses a significant threat to the sustainability of rural education. However, the effect of out-of-field teaching as a job demand remains understudied. This study applies the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model to explore how job demands, job resources, and personal resources interact with burnout among rural teachers.

2D Tellurene-Based Optoelectronic Memristor with Temporal Dynamics for Multimodal Reservoir Computing System.

Neuromorphic multimodal perception of sensory systems can integrate the stimulation from different senses, thus enhancing the perception accuracy of organisms to understand the external environment. An optoelectronic memristor with the capability to combine multidimensional sensing and processing functions is highly desirable for developing efficient neuromorphic multimodal sensory systems (MSSs). In this work, a tellurene (Te) nanoflake-based optoelectronic memristor relying on solution plasma process (SPP) treatment is demonstrated for the first time, which is capable of combining infrared (IR) optical and electrical stimuli in a single synaptic device for a multisensory integration function.

Regulating cell stress responses by nitric oxide to enhance calcium overload-mediated tumor therapy.

Amino acid (AA)-based nanoparticles (NPs) hold promise in cancer therapy due to their excellent biocompatibility and the various therapeutic functions derived from AA monomers. Here, we developed a universal one-step method to synthesize AA-based NPs. We then constructed L-Arginine (L-Arg)/calcium phosphate (CaP) NPs to enhance cancer therapy through synergistic calcium overload to induce apoptosis and immunogenic cell death.

Olfactory Molecular Mechanism Study on the Recognition of the Danger Signal 1-Octen-3-ol in the Parasitic Wasp .

The odor-driven behavior of parasitoids critically determines their efficacy as biological control agents. Although host-seeking mechanisms are well studied, little is known about their danger signal detection capacity. Here, we studied the synergistic action of odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and odorant receptors (ORs) while detecting the repellence of 1-octen-3-ol in .

Engineering Aggregation-Induced Emission Photosensitizers through a Counterion-Modulation Strategy for Enhanced Photodynamic Immunotherapy.

The intersystem crossing (ISC) process of photosensitizers (PSs) is crucial for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in photodynamic immunotherapy. Herein, a counterion-regulation strategy is applied to enhance ISC efficiency in aggregation-induced emission (AIE) PSs, optimizing type-I ROS production. Three PSs with the same cationic donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) structure, ,-diphenyl-4-(7-(pyridin-4-yl)benzo[][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl)aniline (TBP), were synthesized with different counterions: iodide (I), hexafluorophosphate (PF), and tetraphenylborate (PhB).

[Study on the method of estimating upper limb reachable workspace based on shoulder joint dynamic positioning].

To propose a functional method for locating the shoulder joint center of rotation aimed at rapid estimation of the upper limb reachable domain envelope, thereby informing ergonomic design and task optimization. In March 2024, shoulder kinematics during gait were recorded from ten adults using a three-dimensional motion-capture system. Assuming the existence of a point near the glenohumeral joint that maintains a fixed spatial relationship to the humerus and the acromion, we estimated both static and dynamic centers of rotation.

Benefit-harm trade-offs of intensive blood pressure control versus standard blood pressure control on cardiovascular and renal outcomes: an individual participant data analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Although intensive blood pressure control is recommended by major guidelines, its overall benefit-harm balance remains uncertain. In particular, it is unclear how net clinical benefit varies by blood pressure target and patient characteristics. We aimed to quantify the benefit-harm trade-offs of intensive blood pressure control versus standard blood pressure control.

The spatiotemporal differentiation and influencing factors of urban vitality in the border areas of China.

Based on the concept of urban vitality and the unique geographical location of border areas, an evaluation framework for urban vitality in border areas was constructed from four dimensions: economy, society, openness, and culture. The entropy weight method was used to calculate the urban vitality levels of 45 border cities in 2000, 2010, 2019, and 2022, and the influencing factors were quantitatively analyzed. The results indicated that from 2000-2022, the vitality level of China's border cities continued to rise, from 1.

Chromosomal-level genome assembly of Trichogramma japonicum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae).

Trichogramma japonicum is one of the successfully industrialized Trichogramma species in China and holds significant application value for controlling the rice pests Chilo suppressalis. However, progress in exploring its gene functions to enhance parasitic efficiency has been hindered by the lack of a known genomic landscape. In this study, we assembled a chromosome-level genome of T.

Increased snowpack enhances ecological functions of cold-region constructed wetlands via plant-microbe interactions.

Snowpack variations in cold regions exert profound influences on the ecological functioning of constructed wetlands (CWs), particularly with respect to GHG emissions and nutrient removal. However, the underlying mechanisms have yet to be clarified. This study established pilot-scale vertical subsurface flow CWs in Northeast China, with Phragmites australis and Iris sibirica, and applied doubled snowpack (DS) and natural snow cover (CK) during winter.

Low lattice thermal conductivity driven by weak interlayer interaction and acoustic-optical coupling in the SrZnSbF thermoelectric material.

The thermoelectric performance of the SrZnSbF compound is comprehensively evaluated using first-principles calculations and Boltzmann transport theory in present study. The electronic band structure shows that the SrZnSbF compound is semiconductor with a direct bandgap of 0.64 eV.

Modeling teacher education students' adoption of large language models through an extended technology acceptance framework.

With the deepening integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the education sector, large language models (LLMs) have become essential tools for supporting writing tasks. As the future backbone of the teaching profession, the acceptance of these technologies by teacher education students not only influences their professional development but also plays a critical role in the digital transformation of future educational practices. However, existing research has yet to fully uncover the underlying mechanisms and influencing factors driving technology adoption behaviors within this group.

High-sensitivity and fast-response solar-blind photodetectors via band offset engineering for motion tracking.

Single-pixel imaging is emerging as a promising alternative to traditional focal plane array technologies, offering advantages in compactness and cost-effectiveness. However, the lack of solar-blind photodetectors combining fast-response and high-sensitivity has constrained their application in the deep ultraviolet spectrum. This work introduces a self-powered solar-blind photodetector based on a heterostructure comprising a GaO photosensitive layer, an AlN barrier layer, and an N-polar AlGaN:Si contact layer.

Application of N stable isotope techniques to biological nitrogen fixation in terrestrial ecosystems.

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an important nitrogen source in terrestrial ecosystems. Accurate estimation of BNF rate is essential to accurately quantify atmospheric nitrogen input to natural ecosystems. N natural abundance is commonly used to measure the BNF in symbiotic and associative nitrogen fixing plants, but are highly dependent on the choice of the reference plants.

Molecular Mechanism of a Conserved Odorant Receptor in Detecting a Repellent Signal in the Rice Moth .

The rice moth , a highly destructive pest found worldwide, with a wide-ranging diet and robust reproduction, severely damages various stored foods. A sensitive olfactory system is essential for insect behavioral perception, odorant receptors (ORs) play a crucial role in detecting volatile chemical cues in the living environment of insects. However, the reports on the identification and functional analyses of ORs in are currently lacking.

Heritable Knock-on Consequences of Transient Heterozygous Chromosomal Translocation on Phenotype, Transcriptome, and Metabolome in a Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat.

Newly formed polyploidy is intrinsically associated with compromised meiosis stability, resulting in structural chromosomal variations (SCVs). However, not all SCVs that occurred in nascent polyploidy are retained in evolved polyploid species. Here, we investigated whether the otherwise 'ephemeral SCVs' may have transgenerational impacts by using a complete cohort of plant samples of a synthetic hexaploid wheat, which contains occurred unidirectional and reciprocal heterozygous translocations, three successive generations of revertant euploidy progenies descended from the translocations, and wild-type euploidy.

Change of soil labile organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities during peatland restoration in Changbai Mountains, Northeast China.

Peatlands are one of the most important terrestrial carbon storage reservoirs. The response of soil labile organic carbon fractions to environmental changes is a pivotal indicator for assessing the stability of soil organic carbon pools. Soil enzymes act as primary participants in the biogeochemical processes of peatlands, significantly influence the material cycling and energy flow.

Meta-analysis of the acute effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation on athletic performance.

Objective: Systematically evaluate the acute effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) on athletes' sport-specific performance and identify the optimal stimulation parameters and target brain regions for enhancing sport-specific performance.

Methods: Search PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and other databases to include randomized controlled trials studying the effects of anodal tDCS on sports performance in healthy athletes. Use a random-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD), assess heterogeneity, and evaluate influencing factors.

Dual-Cation Solvation Polymer Gel for Ultra-Stable Zn Anodes in Rechargeable Flexible Zn-Air Batteries.

In semi-open rechargeable flexible zinc-air batteries (RFZABs), the polymer gel electrolyte, influenced by high-water-activity solvation structures during cycling, experiences slow ion conduction and severe dendrite growth, significantly reducing the durability of the zinc anode. This limits its application and development in wearable RFZABs. Thus, modifying the traditional single Zn solvation structure is crucial for enhancing anode stability.

Molecular insights into drought tolerance in wheat through in-silico genome-wide analysis of DREB1 transcription factor and peroxidase interactions.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a staple food crop providing essential nutrition to global population. However, water scarcity and increasing drought stress, because of climate change, threaten its productivity. Oxidative stress increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to drought which damages the plant cellular metabolism.

Differences in Diversity of Collembola Communities Between Primary and Secondary Forests and Driving Factors.

Primary forests harbor extraordinary biodiversity, but conversion from primary forests to secondary forests often leads to biodiversity loss and diminished ecosystem functioning. While much of the existing research has focused on plants and vertebrates, soil fauna-particularly Collembola-remain underexplored in this context. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of the Collembola diversity and community composition in primary and secondary forests across two regions in northeastern China.

Effectiveness of different exercise interventions on balance and cognitive functions in stroke patients: A network meta-analysis.

Background: Exercise interventions are proven to improve functional outcomes in stroke patients, yet the optimal and safest exercise modalities remain uncertain. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aims to systematically compare the effects of various exercise interventions on balance and cognitive functions, providing robust evidence to guide clinical decision-making.

Methods: Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched up to September 2024.

Self-compassion in the prospective associations with the coexisting patterns of posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth during the pandemic: a regression mixture analysis.

Background: Previous research has highlighted the diverse range of posttraumatic psychological responses observed during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the prospective associations between different dimensions of self-compassion and the concurrent patterns of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among college students during the pandemic.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted using an online survey administered to college students in mainland China.

Science mapping of root ecology: a bibliometric review covering 2015-2024.

Background And Aims: Root ecology has rapidly advanced as a key discipline for understanding plant adaptive strategies and ecosystem functioning. However, comprehensive assessments of its overarching framework remain limited. This study provides a global perspective by systematically analyzing research power, intellectual bases, and research frontiers in root ecology.