A Novel CHRM3-Driven Preclinical Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder that significantly reduces patients' quality of life. However, current animal models have limitations in replicating the complex pathophysiology of IBS. In this study, we successfully developed a mouse model by mating intestinal epithelium-specific Cre tool mice with chemically modified human muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 (hCHRM3) mice, resulting in specific expression of the hCHRM3 in the intestinal epithelial cells.

Effect of albumin infusion in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although previous studies have shown the potential advantages of albumin administration in critically ill patients, it has not been tested in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.

Methods: In this single-center trial, we randomly assigned 60 patients with acute pancreatitis in the intensive care unit (ICU) to receive 5 % albumin and crystalloid solution or crystalloid solution alone. Patients in the albumin group received 30 g of 5 % albumin daily within the first 3 days of admission.

Deep Learning Radiomics Model Based on Computed Tomography Image for Predicting the Classification of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures: Algorithm Development and Validation.

Background: Osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) are common in older adults and often lead to disability if not properly diagnosed and classified. With the increased use of computed tomography (CT) imaging and the development of radiomics and deep learning technologies, there is potential to improve the classification accuracy of OVFs.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a deep learning radiomics model, derived from CT imaging, in accurately classifying OVFs.

Effectiveness of different exercise interventions on balance and cognitive functions in stroke patients: A network meta-analysis.

Background: Exercise interventions are proven to improve functional outcomes in stroke patients, yet the optimal and safest exercise modalities remain uncertain. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aims to systematically compare the effects of various exercise interventions on balance and cognitive functions, providing robust evidence to guide clinical decision-making.

Methods: Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched up to September 2024.

Discovery of bromobenzyl phenyl ether derivative YPD-29B: a novel pre-clinical compound targeting the programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) interaction.

Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway with small molecules has exhibited great promise. Herein, to develop the inhibitors with good activity, pharmacokinetic properties and druggability, a novel series of halogens substituted derivatives at the 2-position of the biphenyl group were synthesized, screened, and their inhibitory activity against the PD-1/PD-L1 protein-protein interaction (PPI) was evaluated through a HTRF assay. Among them, YPD-29B exhibited potent activity with IC value of less than 1 pM.

Progress in stem cells mitochondrial proteomics research: A review.

This review summarizes the latest advancements in stem cell (SC) mitochondrial proteomics. With the rapid development of biotechnology, mitochondrial proteomics has emerged as a pivotal area in SC research. The research methods used in mitochondrial proteomics include mass spectrometry (MS), with pre-MS sample processing, MS data acquisition employing both qualitative and quantitative approaches, and bioinformatics analysis to annotate and explore protein functions.

Super-Resolution Ultrasound Radiomics Can Predict the Upstaging of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.

Introduction: Preoperatively distinguishing pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) from upstaged DCIS is important for deciding optimal surgical strategies. However, it is hard to preoperatively predict the upstaging of biopsy-proven DCIS. This study aims to develop an effective radiomics model for predicting the upstaging of DCIS based on super-resolution (SR) ultrasound images.

Thermal Transport of Amorphous Hafnia Across the Glass Transition.

Heat transport in glasses over a wide temperature range is critical for applications in gate dielectrics and thermal insulators but remains poorly understood due to the challenges in modeling vibrational anharmonicity and configurational dynamics across the glass transition. Recent predictions show an unusual decrease in thermal conductivity (κ) with temperature in amorphous hafnia (a-HfO), contrasting with the typical trend in glasses. Using molecular dynamics with a machine-learning-based neuroevolution potential, we compute κ of a-HfO from 50 K to 2000 K.

Evaluation of the quality and reliability of Chinese content about orthognathic surgery on BiliBili and TikTok: a cross-sectional study.

Orthognathic surgery is commonly used to correct dentofacial deformities for both functional and aesthetic reasons. As social media increasingly becomes a source of health information, concerns have arisen regarding the quality and reliability of such content. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the quality and reliability of orthognathic surgery-related videos on BiliBili and TikTok, and to identify factors influencing video quality.

Perfluorobutane CEUS for early-stage cervical lymphoma: diagnostic value of the postvascular phase starfield sign.

Early differentiation of cervical lymphoma from benign lymphadenopathy remains challenging on conventional imaging. This study assesses the diagnostic efficacy of perfluorobutane contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating early-stage cervical lymphoma from benign lymph nodes (LNs). From November 2023 to January 2025 we prospectively enrolled patients suspected of having cervical lymphoma based on ultrasound (US) findings and scheduled for LN biopsy.

Roles of JUN and MMP1 in lung cancer brain metastases.

Lung cancer brain metastases refer to intracranial space-occupying lesions formed by the metastasis of tumor cells from the lung to the brain parenchyma or dissemination in the meninges. The datasets GSE200563 and GSE126548 for lung cancer brain metastasis were obtained from gene expression omnibus database with the platform files GPL21697 and GPL16791. Differentially expressed genes analysis was conducted, followed by weighted gene co-expression network analysis, construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction networks, functional enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, comparative toxicogenomics database analysis.

Etiological shifts and clinical outcomes of acute pancreatitis between urban and rural areas: evidence from a 20-year retrospective database.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a well-recognized digestive emergency with established clinical significance. However, current evidence regarding urban-rural distribution patterns of AP patients remains relatively limited. Through large-scale data analysis, this study aims to provide preliminary epidemiological references for this understudied area.

Ascites characteristics in acute pancreatitis: A prognostic indicator of organ failure and mortality.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe condition, and abdominal effusion is a significant predictor of its severity and prognosis. However, the relationship between ascites characteristics and AP outcomes remains undefined.

Aim: To assess the correlation between ascites characteristics and clinical prognosis in AP patients by comparing color depth and turbidity of early ascites.

Notch2 improves granulosa cell functions in premature ovarian failure by activating the Wnt2/β-catenin pathway.

Background: Notch2 and Wnt2/β-catenin pathway improve granulosa cell (GC) functions, and there are interactions between Notch and Wnt/β-catenin in some cells. We aimed to investigate whether Notch2 improves GC functions in premature ovarian failure (POF) by activating the Wnt2/β-catenin pathway.

Methods: Notch2 expression was interfered in mice or KGN cells, then, mice were treated with cyclophosphamide and busulfan intraperitoneally, and KGN cells were exposed to cyclophosphamide to establish POF models.

Efficacy and safety of intensive triglyceride-lowering therapy on reducing recurrence of hypertriglyceridemia-associated pancreatitis (REDUCE): protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Recurrence of hypertriglyceridaemia-associated acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) is common. Uncontrolled HTG after hospital discharge is an important risk factor for recurrence. However, the optimal triglyceride (TG) goal of lipid-lowering therapy for outpatients remains unclear.

Early versus delayed catheter drainage for patients with necrotizing pancreatitis and early persistent organ failure (TIMING): a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Acute necrotic collection (ANC) is an early, local complication of necrotizing pancreatitis, and guidelines recommend a deliberate delay in treating ANC. In patients with early persistent organ failure, such delay may be harmful. This study aimed to assess whether early intervention for ANC confers clinical benefits in this patient population.

In the context of the era of targeted therapy: evaluation of the survival benefits of different local treatment modalities for patients with 1-3 brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.

Advances in molecular biology have extended survival for lung cancer patients with brain metastases. However, radiotherapy and surgery remain standard for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastases. Existing studies assess surgical and radiotherapeutic outcomes using outdated data and lack relevant subgroup analyses.

Pouch versus non-pouch technique for repairing the maxillary sinus membrane large perforation in rhesus monkey.

Background: Sinus membrane perforations occasionally occur during sinus lifting procedures. This study utilized rhesus monkey models to compare the effectiveness of two techniques (pouch and non-pouch methods) in repairing large perforations, with a focus on their impact on bone regeneration.

Methods: In five male rhesus monkeys, both sides of the sinus membrane were elevated and perforated.

Efficacy and prognostic analysis of venetoclax combined with hypomethylating agents for induction therapy in acute myeloid leukemia: a multi-center real-world study on indication-specific stratification, molecular markers, and hematologic toxicities.

The combination of venetoclax and hypomethylating agents (VEN + HMAs) has shown significant progress in treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML), especially for patients not suitable for intensive chemotherapy. However, outcomes for relapsed/refractory AML remain uncertain, and factors influencing VEN + HMAs efficacy are not yet conclusively determined. A retrospective analysis of 181 AML patients treated with VEN + HMAs from October 2020 to January 2024 revealed a CR rate of 39.

Risk factors and clinical risk stratification of distant metastasis in early-stage lung cancer in never smokers.

Background: Risk factors for distant metastasis in early-stage lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify key risk factors and to develop a clinical risk stratification model for early-stage LCINS.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed with early-stage LCINS at West China Hospital, Sichuan University, from 2015 to 2020.

HPC-DMN integration at neural event boundary affects across-boundary BOLD representations and memory recollection.

Humans naturally divide their continuous experiences into discrete events, with event boundaries playing a critical role in this segmentation process. These boundaries are marked by significant shifts in brain activity, particularly in the hippocampal complex (HPC) and default mode network (DMN), which are key to learning and memory formation. We hypothesized that neural event boundaries in specific HPC-DMN regions contribute to episode recollection through across-boundary BOLD pattern shifts and neural event network formation, which may be influenced by two factors: network integration and boundary alignment.

Enhanced plant diversity reduces nitrous oxide emissions in forest soils worldwide.

Forests are recognized as the largest natural source of nitrous oxide (NO) emissions on land, with deforestation drastically reducing the cover and biodiversity of native forests worldwide. Yet, how losses in forest biodiversity affect soil NO fluxes remains poorly understood. Here, we combined a global tree diversity-forest soil NO data set, including 201 paired comparable observations from global forests, with a three-year field survey of flux data gathered from a long-term plant diversity field experiment.

Using a Large Language Model for Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Classification and Malignancy Prediction to Enhance Breast Ultrasound Diagnosis: Retrospective Study.

Background: Breast ultrasound is essential for evaluating breast nodules, with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) providing standardized classification. However, interobserver variability among radiologists can affect diagnostic accuracy. Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT-4 have shown potential in medical imaging interpretation.