Surgical treatment of small-cell lung cancer: long-term prognosis and patterns of adjuvant therapy.

Background: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy predominantly treated with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The role of surgical intervention in SCLC, however, remains inadequately defined. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the clinical data of patients with SCLC who underwent surgical treatment to assess the impact of surgery combined with perioperative adjuvant therapy on long-term prognosis, with the goal of informing future treatment strategies.

Artificial capnothorax versus single-lung ventilation in minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Artificial capnothorax during surgery potentially increases the risk of tumor cell dissemination and impacts survival. This trial aimed to investigate the effect of artificial capnothorax on the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer who underwent minimally invasive esophagectomy.

Methods: This prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted in two high-volume hospitals in China.

Risk factors and clinical risk stratification of distant metastasis in early-stage lung cancer in never smokers.

Background: Risk factors for distant metastasis in early-stage lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify key risk factors and to develop a clinical risk stratification model for early-stage LCINS.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed with early-stage LCINS at West China Hospital, Sichuan University, from 2015 to 2020.

Deep Learning in Barrett's Esophagus Diagnosis: Current Status and Future Directions.

Barrett's esophagus (BE) represents a pre-malignant condition characterized by abnormal cellular proliferation in the distal esophagus. A timely and accurate diagnosis of BE is imperative to prevent its progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma, a malignancy associated with a significantly reduced survival rate. In this digital age, deep learning (DL) has emerged as a powerful tool for medical image analysis and diagnostic applications, showcasing vast potential across various medical disciplines.

Feasibility and safety of secondary video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for ipsilateral lung cancer after prior pulmonary resection.

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is the preferred treatment for resectable non-small cell lung cancer. The increased survival of patients after a first operation has caused increases in the incidence of locoregional recurrence or second primary lung cancer and a concomitant increase in the number of patients who require secondary surgery. Ipsilateral secondary operation is also commonly practiced, albeit with enhanced difficulty.

What does radiomics do in PD-L1 blockade therapy of NSCLC patients?

With the in-depth understanding of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), PD-L1 has become a vital immunotherapy target and a significant biomarker. The clinical utility of detecting PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry or next-generation sequencing has been written into guidelines. However, the application of these methods is limited in some circumstances where the biopsy size is small or not accessible, or a dynamic monitor is needed.