The interaction between common genetic mutations in AML and the immune landscape: mechanisms and implications for immune response.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy driven by diverse genetic mutations that shape tumor progression, immune evasion, and clinical outcomes. While molecular profiling has improved AML classification, the precise impact of specific mutations on immune cell infiltration and dysregulation remains insufficiently understood. This review examines the immunologic consequences of common AML mutations-including , , , , , and -and their role in remodeling the immune microenvironment.

Analysis of Individual Patient Data Demonstrates that Sublobar Resection Followed by Adjuvant Chemotherapy has Equivalent Prognosis to Lobectomy in Patients with Stage I NSCLC with Spread through Air Spaces.

Background: Lobectomy (LOB) remains the standard treatment for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), though sublobar resection (SLR) has emerged as a potential alternative with comparable outcomes. Spread through air spaces (STAS) has been confirmed as an independent risk factor after lung cancer surgery. The prognosis differences between LOB and SLR in patients with stage I NSCLC with STAS are controversial.

Recent Advances in Multi-Atom Catalysts for Sustainable Energy Applications.

Single-atom catalysts characterized by their novel electronic configurations and exceptional atomic utilization efficiency have emerged as potential alternatives to costly noble metal catalysts, garnering extensive research attention in various electrocatalytic fields. However, the inherent characteristics of single metal centers constrain their further application in catalyzing multi-electron reactions. In contrast, multi-atom catalysts (MACs), particularly dual-atom catalysts (DACs), possess multiple active metal sites that can significantly enhance catalytic performance through synergistic effects.

Artificial capnothorax versus single-lung ventilation in minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Artificial capnothorax during surgery potentially increases the risk of tumor cell dissemination and impacts survival. This trial aimed to investigate the effect of artificial capnothorax on the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer who underwent minimally invasive esophagectomy.

Methods: This prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted in two high-volume hospitals in China.

Synergistic Effects of Magnetic Fields and Magnetite on Anaerobic Digestion: Enhancing Methane Production and Microbial Activity.

Methane production rate has been a major obstacle hindering the widespread adoption of anaerobic digestion (AD) process. This study investigated the synergistic effects of magnetite and an external magnetic field on anaerobic sludge, with a focus on methane production, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and microbial community structure. The group treated with both magnetite and a magnetic field (DM) exhibited the highest methane yield (69.

fermentation potential of diet-derived fermentable proteins of thirty-one human foods.

Protein fermentation in the human gut is often associated with adverse health effects. Hence, understanding the fermentation characteristics of dietary undigested proteins is important for a comprehensive nutritional value of foods. This study investigated the protein fermentation kinetics of diet-derived proteins from thirty-one different foods using an model and human faecal inoculum.

In vitro fermentation potential of undigested dietary protein.

This study aimed to investigate the in vitro fermentation potential of ileal digesta from pigs fed 7 protein sources with different batches-maize germ meal (MGM), cottonseed meal (CSM), rapeseed cake (RSC), rapeseed meal (RSM), peanut meal, soybean meal (SBM), and sunflower meal (SFM)-to assess their potential impact on hindgut protein fermentation, which can be harmful to animals. Ileal digesta samples were incubated with porcine fecal inoculum under N-free conditions, with whey protein isolate (WPI) as a control. Gas production (GP) resulting from protein fermentation was monitored over 48 h and analyzed using a modified biphasic model to assess substrate fermentation and microbiota turnover dynamics.

Synchronous carcinomas of the esophagus: Influence of prognosis and staging.

Objective: Synchronous carcinomas of the esophagus (SCEs), occurring at multiple locations in the esophagus or the esophagogastric junction, are uncommon. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed patients with SCEs, focusing on the types of SCEs and their influence on staging and prognosis.

Methods: Data of patients treated surgically for esophageal carcinoma between January 2009 and January 2016 were retrieved from the database in the thoracic surgery department of our hospital.

digested ingredients as substitute for ileal digesta in assessing protein fermentation potential in growing pigs.

Understanding protein fermentation in the hindgut of pigs is essential due to its implications for health, and ileal digesta is commonly used to study this process . This study aimed to assess the feasibility of utilising digested residues as a replacement for ileal digesta in evaluating the protein fermentation potential. residues from cottonseed meal, maize germ meal, peanut meal, rapeseed cake, rapeseed meal, soyabean meal and sunflower meal were analysed using a modified gas production (GP) technique and curve fitting model to determine their fermentation dynamics and compare with the use of ileal digesta.

The Role of Exosomes in Central Immune Tolerance and Myasthenia Gravis.

Background: Immune homeostasis plays a crucial role in immunology andis dependent on both central and peripheral tolerance. Centraltolerance and peripheral tolerance occur in the thymus and thesecondary lymphoid tissues, respectively. Tolerance breakdown andimmune regulation defects can lead to autoimmune disorders.

Unraveling the impact of irritability on esophageal diseases: Insights from multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Previous studies have suggested a potential association between irritability and the risk of various diseases. However, establishing a causal relationship has remained a significant challenge. To address this issue, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR), a sophisticated approach that leverages genotype data to emulate the conditions of randomized controlled trials.

The prognostic value of controlling nutritional status score on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with neoadjuvant therapy followed by esophagectomy-a retrospective research.

Background: A variety of nutritional evaluation parameters has been documented as prognostic indicators in some malignancies. However, the prognostic significance of the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, as one of these nutritional indices, in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear and warrants investigation. Our study sought to elucidate the prognostic value of this nutritional index in ESCC patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy followed by esophagectomy.

In vitro fermentation potential of gut endogenous protein losses of growing pigs.

Fermentation of dietary and endogenous protein in the hindgut is generally considered detrimental to the health of pigs. We investigated the in vitro fermentation potential of porcine endogenous protein in ileal digesta and colonic mucus, using a N-free buffer with an excess of fermentable carbohydrates. Urea, whey protein isolate (WPI, positive control), WPI hydrolysate (WPIH), and combinations of the latter two were used to validate the assay.

Identification of a Novel Aflatoxin B-Degrading Strain, DDC-4, and Its Response Mechanisms to Aflatoxin B.

Aflatoxin B (AFB) contamination is a food safety issue threatening human health globally. Biodegradation is an effective method for overcoming this problem, and many microorganisms have been identified as AFB-degrading strains. However, the response mechanisms of these microbes to AFB remain unclear.

Mapping of lymph node metastasis from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant treatment: a prospective analysis from a high-volume institution in China.

The study aimed to describe the prevalence of lymph node metastases per lymph node station for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after neoadjuvant treatment. Clinicopathological variables of ESCC patients were retrieved from the prospective database of the Surgical Esophageal Cancer Patient Registry in West China Hospital, Sichuan University. A two-field lymphadenectomy was routinely performed, and an extensive three-field lymphadenectomy was performed if cervical lymph node metastasis was suspected.

Substitute or coexistence? Mediastinoscopy-assisted versus thoracoscope-assisted esophagectomy in esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis of perioperative outcomes and long-term survival.

Background: Currently, mediastinoscopy-assisted esophagectomy (MAE) and thoracoscope-assisted esophagectomy (TAE) represent two prevalent forms of minimally invasive esophagectomy extensively employed in the management of esophageal cancer (EC). The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess and compare these two surgical approaches concerning perioperative outcomes and long-term survival, offering valuable insights for refining surgical strategies and enhancing patient outcomes in this field.

Methods: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, the authors systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CNKI databases until 1 March 2024, for studies comparing MAE and TAE.

Recent advances and mechanism of plasmonic metal-semiconductor photocatalysis.

Benefiting from the unique surface plasmon properties, plasmonic metal nanoparticles can convert light energy into chemical energy, which is considered as a potential technique for enhancing plasmon-induced semiconductor photocatalytic reactions. Due to the shortcomings of large bandgap and high carrier recombination rate of semiconductors, their applications are limited in the field of sustainable and clean energy sources. Different forms of plasmonic nanoparticles have been reported to improve the photocatalytic reactions of adjacent semiconductors, such as water splitting, carbon dioxide reduction, and organic pollutant degradation.

A radiomics strategy based on CT intra-tumoral and peritumoral regions for preoperative prediction of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer.

Objective: Develop a method for selecting esophageal cancer patients achieving pathological complete response with pre-neoadjuvant therapy chest-enhanced CT scans.

Methods: Two hundred and one patients from center 1 were enrolled, split into training and testing sets (7:3 ratio), with an external validation set of 30 patients from center 2. Radiomics features from intra-tumoral and peritumoral images were extracted and dimensionally reduced using Student's t-test and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator.

Increased resected lymph node stations improved survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and surgery have been recommended as the standard treatments for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In addition, nodal metastases decreased in frequency and changed in distribution after neoadjuvant therapy. This study aimed to examine the optimal strategy for lymph node dissection (LND) in patients with ESCC who underwent nCRT.

Impact of deep muscle invasion on nodal status and survival in patients with pT2 esophageal squamous cancer.

Background: Whether T2 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma should be subclassified remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the impact of the depth of muscularis propria invasion on nodal status and survival outcomes.

Methods: We identified patients with pT2 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent primary surgery from January 2009 to June 2017.

Mendelian randomization analysis of atopic dermatitis and esophageal cancer in East Asian and European populations.

Background: Emerging observational studies showed an association between atopic dermatitis (AD) and gastrointestinal cancers. However, it remains unclear whether this association is causal, particularly in the case of cancers like esophageal cancer, which exhibit ancestral genetic traits.

Methods: To assess the potential causal relationship between AD and esophageal cancer across diverse ancestral backgrounds, we conducted a 2-sample Mendelian randomization study.