High-fidelity dual-wavelength phase retrieval for lensless wavelength-multiplexed microscopy.

Lensless wavelength-multiplexed microscopy provides an effective imaging solution for single-frame wavefield recovery, in which three lasers with different wavelengths simultaneously illuminate a sample to capture a color hologram. In data processing, the recorded color hologram is divided into three intensity images and then input into multi-wavelength phase retrieval (MWPR) for image recovery. However, the performance of MWPR on data-reduced measurements, such as dual-wavelength imaging, is undermined by the stagnant convergence.

Comparison between compositional data analysis and principal component analysis for identifying dietary patterns associated with hyperuricemia.

Background/objectives: Dietary patterns play an important role in regulating serum uric acid (SUA) levels in the body. Recently, compositional data analysis (CoDA) has been proposed as an alternative technique in identifying dietary patterns. However, the relative advantages of CoDA, particularly in identifying dietary patterns associated with hyperuricemia have not been investigated.

Protease mimicry: Dissecting the ester bond crosslinking mechanics in bacterial adhesin proteins.

The ester bond crosslink discovered within bacterial adhesin proteins offers a captivating insight into the convergent evolution of enzyme-like machinery. Crystal structures reveal a putative catalytic triad comprising an acid-base-nucleophile combination and an oxyanion-like site that suggests a serine protease-like mechanism drives the crosslinking process. We now provide confirmation of the mechanism, revealing functional catalytic dyads or triads, and the recapitulation of protease machinery from a Pseudomonas bacterium and a human cytomegalovirus related only by convergent evolution.

Zinc complex-based multifunctional binders for lithium sulfide-based lithium-sulfur batteries.

Lithium sulfide (LiS) is a promising cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) due to its compatibility with lithium-free anodes and commercial electrode processing. However, its high moisture sensitivity and processing difficulties pose challenges, particularly in identifying suitable binders. Here, we report a fluorine-free binder based on a zinc acetate triethanolamine (Zn(OAc)·TEA) complex, which exhibits enhanced specific capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability compared to the commonly used PVDF binder.

Advances in Polypyrrole Nanofiber Composites: Design, Synthesis, and Performance in Tissue Engineering.

This review is different from previous studies focusing on polypyrrole (PPy) in universal fields such as sensors and supercapacitors. It is the first TO systematically review the specific applications of PPy-based electrospun nanofiber composites in the biomedical field, focusing on its biocompatibility regulation mechanism and tissue repair function. Although PPy exhibits exceptional electrical conductivity, redox activity, and biocompatibility, its clinical translation is hindered by processing challenges and poor degradability.

Widely Targeted Metabolomics Reveals the Quality Characteristics of a New Tea Cultivar, 'Baiyun 0495'.

To explore the taste characteristics and flavor characteristics of Baiyun 0492 white tea, Fuyun 6 was used as a comparison to describe and analyze the taste of the tea by the standard tea sensory evaluation method and quantitative descriptive analysis. A total of 1083 nonvolatile metabolites were identified by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS). N-Feruloyl tyramine, with strong biological activity, may be the specific metabolite of Baiyun 0492 white tea, and 3,4,5-tricaffeoylquinic acid, with a bitter taste, may be the specific metabolite of Fuyun 6 white tea.

BARD: A seamless two-stage dose optimization design integrating backfill and adaptive randomization.

One common approach for dose optimization is a two-stage design, which initially conducts dose escalation to identify the maximum tolerated dose, followed by a randomization stage where patients are assigned to two or more doses to further assess and compare their risk-benefit profiles to identify the optimal dose. A limitation of this approach is its requirement for a relatively large sample size. To address this challenge, we propose a seamless two-stage design, BARD (Backfill and Adaptive Randomization for Dose Optimization), which incorporates two key features to reduce sample size and shorten trial duration.

Diagnosis and recombinant human growth hormone treatment of Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome: discovery of novel KMT2A variants and review of existing literature.

Purpose: Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WDSTS) is an autosomal dominant disorder with broad and variable phenotypes including short stature. This study aims to determine the long-term effect of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment on WDSTS and summarize the phenotypes and genotypes of WDSTS.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical and genetic features of five patients with WDSTS, and comprehensively reviewed reported WDSTS diagnostic features.

Winding vibration caused by Lorentz force in shunt reactor and its control strategy.

In each vibration source of shunt reactor, the winding vibration caused by Lorentz force should not be ignored. In this paper, the electromagnetic-mechanical coupling field simulation model was established based on the structure of disks and blocks of shunt reactor, and the simulation modeling method was verified by an actual reactor manufactured according to the scaled model. The vibration caused by the alternating Lorentz force acting on the winding was simulated and analyzed.

Unveiling the nexus of p53 and PD-L1: insights into immunotherapy resistance mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the predominant form of primary liver cancer worldwide, continues to pose a substantial health challenge with limited treatment options for advanced stages. Despite progress in therapies such as surgery, transplantation, and targeted treatments, prognosis remains bleak for many patients. The advent of immunotherapy has revolutionized the landscape of advanced HCC treatment, offering hope for improved outcomes.

Principles for fabricating moisture barrier films via stacked Janus graphene layers.

The excellent impermeability makes graphene film an ideal candidate for thin film encapsulation technology. However, current chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene-based barrier films can not provide sufficient moisture barrier performance, suggesting a lack of understanding in mechanism that dominates water diffusion in/through graphene stacks. Herein, we fabricate large-area graphene barrier films with a record-low water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of 5 × 10g/(m·day), two orders of magnitude lower than previous works, in which two stacked Janus graphene films are intercalated by toluidine blue O (TBO) sub-monolayer: one side of graphene is decorated with fluorine- and oxygen-containing groups to allow crack-free transfer, while the other side is functionalized with hydroxyl groups to trap water.

White adipose tissue in type 2 diabetes and the effect of antidiabetic drugs.

White adipose tissue (WAT) is highly flexible and was previously considered a passive location for energy storage. Its endocrine function has been established for several years, earning it the title of an "endocrine organ" due to its ability to secrete many adipokines that regulate metabolism. WAT is one of the core tissues that influence insulin sensitivity.

Metabolic engineering to facilitate anti-tumor immunity.

Fructose consumption is elevated in western diets, but its impact on anti-tumor immunity is unclear. Fructose is metabolized in the liver and small intestine, where fructose transporters are highly expressed. Most tumors are unable to drive glycolytic flux using fructose, enriching fructose in the tumor microenvironment (TME).

ALKBH3-Mediated MA Demethylation of METTL3 Endows Pathological Fibrosis:Interplay Between MA and MA RNA Methylation.

Epigenetic modifications serve as crucial molecular switches for pathological fibrosis; howbeit the role of mA in this condition remains enigmatic. Herein, it is found that ALKBH3 exerts a pro-fibrotic effect in pathological skin fibrosis by reshaping N6-methyladenosine (mA) RNA modification pattern. First, ALKBH3 exhibited specific upregulation within hypertrophic scars (HTS), accompanied by N1-methyladenosine (mA) hypomethylation.

The MdWRKY17 positively regulates nitrate uptake by promoting MdNRT2.5 expression under long-term low N stress in apple.

Nitrogen (N) supply is critical for apple yield and quality. Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) could reduce fertilizer application for maintaining apple yield at the cost of environmental pollution in infertile soil. The molecular mechanisms underlying nitrate (NO) uptake are foundational for breeding high NUE cultivars.

Acceptability and Feasibility of the English Version of Elevida, a Self-Guided Online Fatigue Intervention for People With Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Fatigue is common in multiple sclerosis (MS); it significantly impairs quality of life, and treatment options are limited. A randomized controlled trial of Elevida, a self-guided, online German fatigue intervention, showed significant benefit. We tested an English version of Elevida with people with MS in Australia.

Confrontation with kidney inflammation through a HMGB1-targeted peptide augments anti-fibrosis therapy.

Damage to the renal tubular epithelial cells (TEC) is a key cellular event in kidney inflammation and subsequent fibrosis. However, drugs targeting renal TEC (RTEC) are limited to the alleviation of kidney fibrosis. Lethal giant larvae 1 (Lgl1) plays a key role in epithelial cell polarity and proliferation.

Herqupenoid A, an Unparalleled Sesquiterpene-Quinone Hybrid Featuring a Multicyclic Caged 2,7-Dioxatetracyclo[5.4.0.0.0]Hendecane Fragment from .

Herqupenoid A (), a sesquiterpene-quinone hybrid with an unparalleled 5/5/6/5-fused ring skeleton based on a multicyclic caged 2,7-dioxatetracyclo[5.4.0.

Surface Electromyography and Gait Features in Patients after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Objective: An important reason for the poor recovery of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries is the poor recovery of muscle function. Therefore, we used surface electromyography (sEMG) and gait analysis to explore the muscle activation patterns and gait characteristics between lower limbs under different exercise states in patients, following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: Forty-one adults with unilateral ACL injuries in Binzhou Medical University Hospital from October 2022 to June 2023 were allocated to three groups according to the time after ACL reconstruction: group A (≤3 months, 16), group B (3 months-1 year, 13), and group C (>1 year, 12).

ALKBH5-mediated mA demethylation ameliorates extracellular matrix deposition in cutaneous pathological fibrosis.

Background: Elevated extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation is a major contributing factor to the pathogenesis of fibrotic diseases. Recent studies have indicated that N6-methyladenosine (mA) RNA modification plays a pivotal role in modulating RNA stability and contribute to the initiation of various pathological conditions. Howbeit, the precise mechanism by which mA influences ECM deposition remains unclear.

In Situ Formed 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine-Cu(I/II) Charge-Transfer Complex Intermediates Promoting Colorimetric Assay of Cr.

Developing a synthesis-free, multifunctional, and effective colorimetric assay system based on 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) oxidation is attractive yet challenging. Herein, we established a synergetic Cu/Cr-promoting strategy for TMB-based colorimetric detection of Cr. By introducing Cu, critical TMB····Cu(I/II)···TMB charge transfer complex (TMC) intermediates were in situ formed to reduce the activation energy of TMB oxidation, thereby accelerating Cr-mediated TMB oxidation.

Low-condensation diesel use contributes to winter haze in cold regions of China.

The application of low-condensation diesel in cold regions with extremely low ambient temperatures (-14 to -29 °C) has enabled the operation of diesel vehicles. Still, it may contribute to heavy haze pollution in cold regions during winter. Here we examine pollutant emissions from low-condensation diesel in China.