Enhanced Calibration Method for Robotic Flexible 3D Scanning System.

Large-sized components with numerous small key local features are essential in advanced manufacturing. Achieving high-precision quality control necessitates accurate and highly efficient three-dimensional (3D) measurement techniques. A flexible measurement system integrating a fringe-projection-based 3D scanner with an industrial robot is developed to enable the rapid measurement of large object surfaces.

Efficient Tetracycline Hydrochloride Degradation by Urchin-Like Structured MoS@CoFeO Derived from Steel Pickling Sludge via Peroxymonosulfate Activation.

Steel pickling sludge serves as a valuable iron source for synthesizing Fe-based catalysts in heterogeneous advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Here, MoS@CoFeO catalyst derived from steel pickling sludge was prepared via a facile solvothermal approach and utilized to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) degradation. Comprehensive characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the supported microstructure, composition, and crystalline structure of the catalyst.

Triple emission ratiometric fluorescence and colorimetric dual-mode sensing of glutathione based on multi-function Cu-CDs.

Herein, a method was developed for triple emission ratiometric fluorescence/colorimetric dual-mode detection of glutathione (GSH) based on multifunctional copper-doped carbon dots (Cu-CDs). Cu-CDs displayed dual emission at 465 nm and 650 nm, along with oxidase-like (OXD) and peroxidase-like (POD) activities. The Cu-CDs effectively catalyzed the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) to 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP), which emitted yellow fluorescence at 550 nm and selectively quenched the blue fluorescence of Cu-CDs at 465 nm through an inner filter effect (IFE), while the red fluorescence at 650 nm unaffected.

Engineering Dual-Mode-Responsive Probes for Real-Time HClO Monitoring in Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

Given the critical role of HClO in drug-induced liver injury (DILI), it is essential to establish an accurate and reliable technique for the in situ monitoring of its dynamic changes. Herein, by integrating a phenothiazinecoumarin and a leucomethylene moiety through an aliphatic diamine, a robust dual-mode-responsive HClO probe, , has been judiciously developed. For the first time, can simultaneously respond to HClO through fantastic ratiometric (from 630 to 500 nm) and NIR fluorescence (690 nm) turn-on modes with excellent sensitivity and selectivity, thereby effectively overcoming the limitations of currently reported single-response-mode HClO probes.

Multifunctional gold nanoclusters as next-generation theranostic platforms for disease management.

Gold nanoclusters (GNCs), typically consisting of a few to a few hundred gold atoms with a core size below 3 nm, have emerged as revolutionary nanomaterials due to their diverse and tunable molecule-like properties, high photostability, and excellent biocompatibility. These advantages establish GNCs as next-generation theranostic platforms for precise nanomedicine applications. In this review, we summarize the typical synthesis methodologies, focus on their latest cutting-edge applications in disease management, including bioimaging, sensing, drug delivery, cancer, and other diseases.

Michael-addition reaction triggering sensitive and facile detection of glutathione employing LSPR-photonic crystals.

Glutathione (GSH) plays a crucial role in various cellular functions, and its abnormal levels often indicate numerous diseases. Therefore, it's essential to develop a simple, rapid, and sensitive method to monitor GSH levels in serum for real-time tracking disease. In this work, a Michael-Addition reaction triggering GSH detection method was constructed based on a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance enhanced opal Photonic Crystal (LSPR-PC).

Access to -Diindolylcyclopropanes via Double Indolylation of -Difluorocyclopropanes.

gem-Difluorocyclopropanes (-DFCPs) have gained significant attention as versatile fluorinated synthons in organic synthesis due to their unique structural and electronic properties. Recent advancements have demonstrated the utility of -DFCPs in transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with indoles, enabling the synthesis of monofluoroallylic indole derivatives. In this study, a transition-metal-free double indolylation of -DFCPs was developed, preserving the cyclopropane core and facilitating the direct incorporation of two indole units.

A visible-light-promoted perfluoroalkylation/cyclization cascade towards perfluoroalkyl-substituted iminoisobenzofurans using the EDA complex.

Perfluoroalkyl-functionalized heterocycles exhibit profoundly modified bioactivities, motivating the development of efficient methods for precise perfluoroalkyl group installation. A new metal-free photoinduced radical-initiated cascade reaction was developed for the rapid synthesis of perfluoroalkyl-substituted iminoisobenzofurans by reacting various perfluoroalkyl iodides (R-I) under mild reaction conditions. In this reaction system, the formation of electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes is pivotal for the visible-light promoted transformation in the absence of additional photocatalytic species.

Olfactory recognition and transduction mechanism in Small-tailed Han Sheep.

In mammals, the olfactory system is essential for detecting odors and inducing responses associated with social behaviors, attraction, aversion, and fear. While the behavioral responses of sheep to predator stimuli have been intensively studied, knowledge regarding olfactory processing remains limited. In this study, we used leopard feces as a predator stimulus to explore the mechanisms involved in olfactory transduction in sheep.

Low-molecular-weight fucoidan ameliorates ferroptosis in diabetic kidney disease through SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 activation.

Ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and it is closely associated with oxidative stress. Low-molecular-weight fucoidan (LMWF) has been shown to exert an inhibitory action on oxidative stress. Herein, we investigated whether using LMWF to treat DKD is associated with ferroptosis and evaluated the action of LMWF on DKD using both in vivo and in vitro models.

Novel antioxidative and hypoglycemic collagen peptides from Apostichopus japonicus: in silico preparation, functional mechanism, and structure-activity relationship study.

The sea cucumber collagen contains a high content of hydrophobic amino acids, which play essential roles in various bioactivities. A total of 2647 unknown active peptide fragments (2-20 amino acids) were obtained via virtual enzymolysis from 16 known collagen sequences in Apostichopus japonicus. Then, the novel bifunctional hexapeptide (DCDPRL, 717.

Projected future changes in extreme climate indices affecting rice production in China using a multi-model ensemble of CMIP6 projections.

Assessing and predicting the spatial-temporal characteristics of extreme climate events can effectively identify the impacts of climate change on crop production and propose targeted measures. This study systematically evaluates the intensity and spatiotemporal evolution of extreme climate events during critical phenological stages in China's major rice-growing regions based on 11 extreme climate indices (ECIs). The future climate data were obtained from 18 Global Climate Models (GCMs) integrated in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) with four shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) to project the future changes of ECIs related rice production.

Functional and genomic analysis of Enterococcus phage A155: a potential agent for reducing VRE gut colonization.

The high-level colonization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) in the gastrointestinal tract could lead to systemic infections such as bacteremia, endocarditis, and urinary tract infections, particularly in hospitalized patients. Given the potent bactericidal activity and host specificity of bacteriophages, phage therapy represents a promising alternative strategy for controlling VRE infections. In this study, we isolated and characterized phage A155, which targets vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VR-Efs) V583.

Carob Pod Nanoparticles: enhancing physicochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of innovative functional frozen yogurt.

The study investigates the advantages of incorporating carob pod nanoparticles (CPNs) into frozen yogurt production. CPNs, abundant in carbohydrates, polyphenols, and antioxidants, were utilized as a multifunctional ingredient, serving as a sugar substitute, thickening agent, stabilizer, and natural colorant to enhance the manufacturing process of frozen yogurt. The research compared a control group (Ctrl) containing 15% sucrose in plain frozen yogurt with three groups where CPNs partially replaced sucrose at concentrations of 4% (FYC), 8% (FYC), and 12% (FYC).

HSF-YOLO: A Multi-Scale and Gradient-Aware Network for Small Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images.

Small object detection (SOD) in remote sensing images (RSIs) is a challenging task due to scale variation, severe occlusion, and complex backgrounds, often leading to high miss and false detection rates. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel detection framework named HSF-YOLO, which is designed to jointly enhance feature encoding, attention interaction, and localization precision within the YOLOv8 backbone. Specifically, we introduce three tailored modules: Hybrid Atrous Enhanced Convolution (HAEC), a Spatial-Interactive-Shuffle attention module (C2f_SIS), and a Focal Gradient Refinement Loss (FGR-Loss).

Discovery of 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrothieno [3,2-b] Pyridine as Novel Fungicide Lead Scaffold.

To identify fungicide lead compounds with novel scaffold and high efficacy, a library of 4,5-dihydrotetrazolo [1,5-a]thieno [2,3-e]pyridine derivatives, consisting of 10 newly synthesized compounds and 12 previously reported compounds, was evaluated for their potential as fungicide agents. In vitro bioassay results indicated that some target compounds exhibited certain antifungal activity against the tested fungi at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. Especially, compounds , , , and demonstrated promising antifungal activity against , , and , with EC values ranging from 4.

Genome Mining of Terpene Synthases from Fourteen Strains.

Terpenoids are the most structurally diverse class of natural products (NPs). Despite their abundance, the functional diversity of bacterial terpene synthases (TPSs), particularly from species, remains largely unexplored. In this study, fourteen strains were subjected to genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis to systematically mine class I TPSs.

Pretraining-improved Spatiotemporal graph network for the generalization performance enhancement of traffic forecasting.

Traffic forecasting is considered a cornerstone of smart city development. A key challenge is capturing the long-term spatiotemporal dependencies of traffic data while improving the model's generalization ability. To address these issues, various sophisticated modules are embedded into different models.

Characterization of the YCjN ABC Transporter in Escherichia coli: Role in Maltose and Ethidium Bromide Transport.

This study investigated the functional role of the ycjN gene in Escherichia coli, hypothesizing that its encoded protein, YcjN, functions as a carbohydrate transporter. Bioinformatics analysis confirmed YcjN as a solute-binding protein (SBP). The construction of a ΔycjN deletion strain revealed that ycjN is not essential for bacterial viability.

Identification of compounds from the egg volatiles of Asia corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, that attract egg parasitoid, Trichogramma ostriniae.

Background: The egg parasitoids, Trichogramma ostriniae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), is an important biological control agent against the Asia corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, a destructive maize pest. These short-lived wasps (adult longevity of several to tens of days) have to locate their host within a limited time by exploiting reliable cues related to their hosts, for example, host egg volatiles. This study identified specific compounds in O.

Combined effects of microplastics and copper on antioxidant capacity, gut microbiome, and metabolomics of Pseudorasbora parva.

Microplastics (MPs) and metal pollutants such as copper (Cu) are common pollutants in aquatic environments worldwide, posing a potential threat to the health of aquatic organisms and ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the effects of single and combined exposures of MPs (1 mg/L) and Cu (50 μg/L) on the antioxidant capacity, histopathology, gut microbiota, and metabolomics of Pseudorasbora parva which was used as a model organism. Results showed that exposure to both Cu and MPs in combination reduced Cu accumulation in tissues, mitigating the effects of Cu-induced oxidative damage.

Vegetation greening and driving factors in the Eurasian drylands under sustained drought conditions over recent two decades.

Eurasian drylands constitute the largest contiguous arid and semi-arid region globally, where the ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to environmental changes and anthropogenic activities, posing threats to the sustainability of the regional vegetation. Therefore, quantifying vegetation dynamics and identifying their driving factors is crucial in environmental management and regulation. In this study, we evaluated the spatio-temporal dynamics of vegetation and their underlying drivers across Eurasian drylands during 2003-2020.

Developing Dynamic Ion Transport Channels in Polymer Solid Electrolytes for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are promising for next-generation solid-state lithium metal batteries owing to their electrochemical stability and high safety. However, limited ionic conductivity and poor interfacial stability have hindered their practical applications. To address these challenges, we propose a novel approach by incorporating trace amounts of sulfone (SL) into polyacrylic-based SPEs, purposely creating ".

Nitrate sensing and response in Plants: From calcium signaling to phytohormone regulation.

Plants need to acquire sufficient nitrogen (N) from the soil for their growth and development. Nitrate (NO) is the major source of N for plants in aerobic soils. In addition to its role as a nutrient, nitrate also acts as a signaling molecule to reprogram plant metabolism and trigger changes in plant architecture.

A novel AuPt@CeVO bifunctional nanozyme with strong cascade SOD/POD-like catalytic activity enhances microfluidic photoelectrochemical signal amplification for ultrasensitive neuron-specific enolase detection.

A newly designed and highly effective cascade difunctional nanozyme, AuPt@CeVO, has been developed to function as a microfluidic photoelectrochemical (PEC) signal label, enabling the highly sensitive identification of bioproteins. This study utilized Z-scheme CuI/BiOI photoactive nanocomposites by applying CuI onto the BiOI nanoarray's surface, which serves as a sensor matrix to obtain an improved and stable photocurrent. The nanoarray arrangement in BiOI greatly improves the consistency and durability of the sensing platform.