Design of a novel Ag-ZnO@ZIF-8 soda biscuit-like heterostructure for high-performance ethylene glycol sensing.

Soda biscuit-like Ag-ZnO@ZIF-8 heterostructures were successfully synthesized using a secondary hydrothermal method for the first time, demonstrating exceptional ethylene glycol sensing performance. The sample (2-Methylimidazol (MeIm) concentration of 0.04 g) exhibits a remarkable response value of 1325.

Dapagliflozin improves diabetic retinopathy in mice by inhibiting LAMA1 and regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is among the most prevalent complications linked to advanced diabetes. Capillary Basement membrane (CBM) thickening is an early clinical manifestation in DR, and Laminin α 1 (LAMA1) is one of the main extracellular matrix components involved in CBM formation. Dapagliflozin (DAPA) has demonstrated efficacy in ameliorating DR.

Safety-constrained transient control for aero-engines: A data-driven diffeomorphic ADP framework.

To enable safety-constrained control of aero-engines under wide-range transient conditions, a novel data-driven diffeomorphic adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) framework is developed to explicitly enforce the state and input safety constraints. The approach begins by employing diffeomorphic transformations coupled with a dynamic control law to effectively eliminate explicit state constraints. This transformation reformulates the original constrained problem into an optimal control framework subject solely to virtual input saturation.

Targeting YES1 enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy, targeted therapy and onco-immunotherapy.

YES1 (Yamaguchi sarcoma virus homolog 1), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase of the SRC family (SFK), has been abnormally amplified or mutated in several types of solid tumors. The alteration of YES1 impacted multiple biological processes, including promoting tumor progression and metastasis, especially, producing cancer therapy resistance via bypass pathways. Thus, YES1 can serve as a druggable target to overcome drug resistance and suppress tumor growth.

Design, synthesis, and biological activity of novel para-substituted phenylamino and phenyl derivatives of northebaine as selective delta opioid receptor agonists.

The delta opioid receptor (DOR) is a promising target for developing analgesics with fewer side effects compared to mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonists. However, non-peptidyl DOR-selective agonists remain limited. Using the "message-address" concept in opioid ligand design, we designed and synthesized a series of para-substituted N-cyclopropylmethyl-7α-phenyl-6,14-endoetheno-tetrahydronorthebaines to explore their binding affinity and selectivity for DOR over MOR and kappa opioid receptor (KOR).

Hydrogen Migration Mechanism: Hydrogen Spillover Effect Enables Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on MoC@MoN Heterostructure in a Wide pH Range.

It remains critical and challenging to synthesize non-noble metal catalysts with excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity in a wide pH range. High-temperature pyrolysis is one of the main methods for catalyst synthesis but can be time-consuming and leads to agglomeration easily. In view of this, molybdenum carbide and molybdenum nitride composite (MoC@MoN) was prepared via CO laser irradiation technology.

AMPK maintains the activation of hepatic stellate cells through mitophagy-induced metabolic reprogramming.

The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), characterized by transdifferentiation from a quiescent state to a fibrogenic phenotype, is a core process of liver fibrosis. The metabolic reprogramming of HSCs plays a major role in this process to meet the high energy demands of myofibroblastic HSCs with multiple functions, such as extracellular matrix synthesis, migration, and proliferation. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a gatekeeper of intracellular energy homeostasis, but its role in the activation of HSCs and the progression of liver fibrosis remains unclear.

Advances in therapeutic strategies for acute kidney injury.

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a complex clinical syndrome marked by a rapid decline in renal function, most commonly triggered by ischemia, hypoxia, or nephrotoxic insults, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in understanding its underlying mechanisms, current treatments remain predominantly supportive, with no effective therapies available to reverse or repair renal damage. Although biomarker-guided precision medicine holds promise, its clinical utility requires further validation through large-scale trials.

Climate-driven expansion of Takayama acrotrocha blooms: First outbreak along the north coast of Shandong, China linked to intense precipitation and warming.

In Summer 2024, a dinoflagellate bloom broke out in the Bohai Sea along the north coast of Shandong peninsula. By approaches of morphological observation, pigment analysis and targeted gene sequencing, the bloom causative species was identified as dinoflagellate Takayama acrotrocha. The satellite imagery indicated that the bloom lasted from August 24 to September 8, and distributed mainly in the coastal waters extending from the Yellow River estuary to Yantai and Weihai, marking the northward expansion of this algal species along the coast of China.

Synthesis of Amphiphilic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles to Stabilize Pickering Emulsions for Enhanced Oil Recovery.

Pickering emulsions stabilized by nanoparticles offer significant potential for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Nanoparticle morphology critically governs emulsion stability. This study successfully synthesized novel amphiphilic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) modified with alkyl chains (propyl, hexyl, octyl; denoted MSNs-Cn, = 3, 6, 8) via a two-step method and systematically investigated their structure-performance relationship in stabilizing Pickering emulsions for EOR.

New tetrahydrobenzocyclooctabenzofuranone and dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from Kadsura jaonica.

Phytochemical investigation of Kadsura japonica led to the isolation and characterization of six new lignans, including four tetrahydrobenzocyclooctabenzofuranone ones designated as kadjaponins A - D (1-4), and two dibenzocyclooctadiene ones named kadjaponins E and F (5 and 6), along with eighteen known analogues (7-24). The structural elucidation of these compounds was achieved through comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, including NMR, MS, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Notably, compounds 1 and 2 were found to feature an unprecedented epoxy moiety, prompting the expected structural revisions of three previously reported compounds, heteroclitin J, longipedlignan O, and longipedlignan P.

RFAGB model: A new machine learning model for microplastic inversion based on remotely sensed data in Bohai Sea.

Microplastic pollution has become a global environmental problem, posing a potential threat to ecosystems and human health. Traditionally, microplastic monitoring has relied on spectral methods, which have significant limitations in terms of cost and time efficiency. To achieve low cost, rapid and large-scale detection, remote sensing technology has been applied to microplastic monitoring, but its accuracy needs to be improved.

Multiomics Insights into the Mechanism and Enhanced Efficacy of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) Therapy in Glioblastoma.

Glioma is an aggressive brain tumor that requires challenging treatments. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields), an FDA-approved therapy for glioblastoma (GBM), pleural mesothelioma, and platinum-refractory metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer (in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors or docetaxel), employs specific frequency electric fields to disrupt cell division and enhance treatment efficacy. However, their molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Adhesion properties of soybean protein/transglutaminase/pectin composite adhesives improved by adjusting tannic acid content.

Background: Soy protein isolate is often used to make adhesives. Inspired by the adhesion mechanism of mussel proteins, this study developed a plant-based adhesive composed of soy protein isolate (SPI), low-ester pectin, tannic acid (TA), and transglutaminase (TGase) for bonding simulated fat and muscle in plant-based meat analogues.

Results: The results demonstrated that TA enhanced the viscosity, thermal stability, and fluidity of the adhesive by forming a cohesive network.

Identifying rosmarinic acid as a color stabilizer for tuna meat based on virtual screening and in vitro evaluation.

This paper aims to identify the potential of natural polyphenolic compounds as color stabilizers for tuna meat through virtual screening and in vitro study. A virtual screening database was constructed to identify polyphenols with high binding affinity to myoglobin (Mb), and the interaction mechanism between polyphenols and Mb was also studied. The results demonstrated that tuna meat treated with rosmarinic acid (RA), which exhibits strong binding force to Mb, showed a significantly higher a*/b* value of 0.

An undescribed phytyl melilotic acid ester and chromomoric acid derivatives from Artemisia anomala and their cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract from Artemisia anomala twigs and leaves led to the isolation and structural elucidation of four previously unreported compounds, including a phytyl melilotic acid ester designated as artemanoin A (1), and three chromomoric acid derivatives named anomalones E - G (2-4). Their structures, including the absolute configurations, were unambiguously established through extensive spectroscopic characterization (HRESIMS, 1D/2D NMR) coupled with chemical derivatization study and quantum chemical calculations (including ECD, optical rotation and NMR computations). Notably, artemanoin A (1) represents an acyclic diterpenoid featuring an unusual ester linkage with melilotic acid, a structural motif rarely encountered in natural products.

Prescribed-time control weak disturbance decoupling problems for strict-feedback-like systems with unknown control coefficients, disturbances and zero dynamics.

In many applications, such as manipulators for an assembly line, a prescribed-time controller is required to complete a task at prescribed-time and to continue operating for long time. However, the existing prescribed-time controllers are not well designed for long time operation because prescribed-time adjustment functions used in controllers are not well-defined in some publications and are not differentiable in others. In addition, disturbance decoupling has not been addressed for prescribed-time control.

Bloom Reshapes Microbial Community Structure, Interaction Networks, and Metabolism Patterns in Qinhuangdao Coastal Waters, China.

The coastal waters of Qinhuangdao are a major hotspot for harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the Bohai Sea, with being one of the primary algal species responsible for these events. A comprehensive understanding of the microbial community structure and functional responses to bloom events is crucial for elucidating their underlying mechanisms and ecological impacts. This study investigated the microbial community dynamics, metabolic shifts, and the environmental drivers associated with a bloom in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao, China, using high-throughput sequencing of 16S and 18S rRNA genes, co-occurrence network analysis, and metabolic pathway prediction.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Jackfruit Peel Carboxymethylcellulose/Graphene Oxide/Kaolin Composite Hydrogels.

This study presents an environmentally benign composite hydrogel system by combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with carboxymethyl cellulose derived from jackfruit peel waste (JCMC), subsequently reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) and Kaolin nanoparticles for enhanced Congo red (CR) adsorption. The structural properties of the synthesized hydrogels were comprehensively characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR analysis confirmed hydrogel formation through hydrogen bonding interactions, while XRD and SEM revealed the uniform dispersion of GO and Kaolin within the polymer matrix, resulting in an improved adsorption performance.

Genetic diversity and distribution patterns of Phaeocystis globosa in the eastern Chinese coastal seas: Significance of a global intraspecific re-examination.

Phaeocystis globosa is broadly distributed across tropical and temperate oceans, exhibiting substantial genetic and phenotypic diversity. This species plays a critical role in the global carbon and sulfur biogeochemical cycles, and is associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs) in eutrophic waters, particularly in Southeast Asia and the North Sea. Although extensively studied in the South China Sea due to recurrent HAB events, its genetic diversity, geographic distribution and environmental adaptations remain poorly understood in other coastal regions of China.

Membrane fusion deficits of acutely isolated synaptic vesicles from the brains of depression-like mice.

Depression is a common and debilitating psychiatric disorder increasingly associated with presynaptic dysfunction, particularly impairments in synaptic vesicle (SV)-mediated neurotransmitter release, yet its underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain largely unresolved. In this study, we investigated SV morphology and fusion capability in a chronic variable stress (CVS)-induced mouse model of depression. To enable this analysis, we established an optimized protocol integrating differential centrifugation, density gradient ultracentrifugation, and size exclusion chromatography to isolate high-purity SVs from mouse brain tissue.

Hydroxyl-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol films reinforced with nanocellulose and tea polyphenols for antibacterial preservation of dried tofu.

Conventional plastic packaging and chemical preservatives pose risks to both the environment and human health. Consequently, increasing research efforts are directed toward the development of environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and safe packaging materials. In this study, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / pullulan (PUL) / soy hull nanocellulose (SHNC) composite film incorporating 2 % (w/w) tea polyphenols (TP) was prepared.

Impact of chlorpyrifos on growth and community structure of diatoms and dinoflagellates in the Bohai Sea, China.

The diatom/dinoflagellate ratio in the Bohai Sea is influenced by various environmental factors, potentially including the increasing input of agricultural pesticides. This study investigated the effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on phytoplankton growth and community structure through field-based culture experiments. The results showed that at a concentration of 30.