Mechanism of for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease based on network pharmacology.

Background: Although has been used for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the relevant mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential targets and mechanisms of in treating DKD, utilizing network pharmacology.

Methods: Active compounds of were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform database.

Hydroxyl-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol films reinforced with nanocellulose and tea polyphenols for antibacterial preservation of dried tofu.

Conventional plastic packaging and chemical preservatives pose risks to both the environment and human health. Consequently, increasing research efforts are directed toward the development of environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and safe packaging materials. In this study, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) / pullulan (PUL) / soy hull nanocellulose (SHNC) composite film incorporating 2 % (w/w) tea polyphenols (TP) was prepared.

Predictive value of ibutilide response for postoperative recurrence following catheter ablation in persistent atrial fibrillation: a retrospective study.

Objective: This study investigated efficacy of intraoperative ibutilide administration for cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) during catheter ablation and evaluated predictive factors for postoperative AF recurrence.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted involving 111 patients with persistent AF who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation. Patients who failed to restore sinus rhythm after ablation received intravenous ibutilide (1-2 mg).

Region-Specific Metabolic Alterations in the Tryptophan Pathway in Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.

Cisplatin (DDP) is widely utilized in the clinical treatment of malignant tumors, but its effectiveness is significantly compromised by the adverse effects of acute kidney injury (AKI). Renal tubular cells are primarily responsible for DDP-induced AKI (DDP-AKI); however, the responses of heterogeneous renal tubular cells to DDP exposure have not been thoroughly explored. In this study, we employed a targeted metabolomics approach to investigate the metabolic responses of renal tubular cells in DDP-AKI rats.

Preparation of size-controlled soy hull polysaccharide nanomicelles and evaluation of hypoglycaemic activity in type 2 diabetes zebrafish.

This study investigated the effect of particle size on the hypoglycaemic activity of polysaccharide nanomicelles. Different sizes of soy hull polysaccharide (SHP) nanomicelles were prepared through sonication-assisted self-assembly. These nanomicelles were characterized through nanoparticle sizing, dynamic light scattering, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and thermal analysis.

Discovery of 1-Difluoromethyl-3-(3-cyanophenyl)-6-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]imidazo[1,5-]pyrazin-8-(7)-one as a Potent P2Y Antagonist for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke and Myocardial Infarction.

The P2Y receptor is a promising target for treating an ischemic stroke. Herein, a conformational restriction strategy was applied to improve the brain exposure of our previously reported P2Y antagonist HNW001. Compound , containing an imidazo[1,5-]pyrazine scaffold, turned out to be a remarkable P2Y antagonist (IC = 1.

Crop rotation alleviates continuous cropping obstacles in Chrysanthemum morifolium production by regulating rhizosphere soil microbial communities and metabolites.

Background: Crop rotation is a well-established agricultural practice that enhances biodiversity in medicinal crop fields, thereby improving agroecosystem sustainability and efficiency. However, the impact of crop rotation involving Chrysanthemum morifolium on soil microbiomes and their correlation with key soil physicochemical factors remains insufficiently understood. This study investigates the effects of a rotation system (Prunella vulgaris-C.

Uncovering Diagnostic Correlations Between Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Using Instrumental Variable Models in Cardiometabolic Patients: Evidence from 1.2 Million Records.

Background: Little is known about the relationship between syndromes in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and chronic diseases coded by Western Medicine (WM). TCM hospitals where both WM and TCM are practiced offer an opportunity to assess this relationship. TCM, based on syndrome differentiation and treatment, may aid in guiding treatment and predicting length of stay and healthcare costs.

CD70: An emerging target for integrated cancer diagnosis and therapy.

CD70, which is a ligand belonging to tumour necrosis factors, exhibits aberrant overexpression among multiple hematologic and solid malignancies and has drawn extensive research enthusiasm as a target to treat and diagnose cancers. CD70-targeted immuno-PET/CT is an emerging approach for cancer diagnosis, with the potential to improve tumour detection, assist disease staging, and monitor therapeutic response. CD70-targeted therapeutic approaches, involving antibody-drug conjugates, CAR-T, CAR-NK, and monoclonal antibodies, have shown encouraging activity in preclinical models and preliminary signals of efficacy in early clinical studies.

Gegen Qinlian decoction prevents post-ERCP pancreatitis by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis.

Objective: Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is a type of acute pancreatitis (AP) and the most common complication after ERCP. NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis is a key factor in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. Gegen Qinglian decoction (GQD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, and is now widely used in pancreatic diseases.

The Role of the TRIM Family in Lung Cancer Development: An Emerging Player with Therapeutic Potential.

Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. E3 ubiquitin ligase activity is a common feature of most TRIM proteins, highlighting the family's critical role in regulating the biological behaviors of tumor cells and influencing various cellular physiological activities, including apoptosis, innate immunity, development, and intracellular signaling. In lung cancer, certain TRIM proteins function either as oncoproteins or cancer suppressors.

1-methylnicotinamide attenuated inflammation and regulated flora in Necrotizing enterocolitis.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC) is a prevalent and destructive illness in neonates. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) and its derivative, 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNA), are known to be significant in conditions such as cardiovascular inflammation and renal tubular damage, and 1-MNA has been recognized for its anti-inflammatory effects in various diseases. However, the involvement of NNMT and 1-MNA in the development of NEC remains unclear.

Descriptor-Based Screening of Dual-Atom Photocatalysts for Efficient Urea Synthesis from CO and N.

The development of efficient photocatalysts with high activity and selectivity for coreduction of N and CO under ambient conditions represents a highly promising but still challenging strategy for sustainable urea synthesis. In this study, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we present a comprehensive descriptor strategy integrating geometric, electronic, and energetic factors to screen Cu-metal dual-atom photocatalysts (CuM/CeO, where M = 27 transition metals) for urea synthesis. According to the screening of the catalyst stability, coadsorption capability of N and CO, energy barriers of the rate-determining step (RDS), and urea desorption energies, CuMn/CeO emerged as the most promising candidate photocatalyst.

Multiband microwave photonic radar with increased target detection ability.

We propose and demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, multiband microwave photonic radar, with increased target detection ability. An optical frequency shifting loop (OFSL) is employed in which a pulsed optical carrier modulated by a linearly frequency-modulated (LFM) waveform is recirculating in the loop to generate a series of optical waveforms with increased central frequencies and bandwidths. By beating the optical waveforms at the output of the OFSL with the optical carrier, a multiband LFM microwave waveform is generated, which is transmitted to free space via an antenna.

Function and mechanism of lactylation in health and diseases: a comprehensive review.

Lactylation, the post-translational modification of proteins by lactate, has emerged as a novel and dynamic regulatory mechanism in cellular metabolism and signaling. The lactylation proteome represents a frontier in the study of cellular regulation, offering new insights into the complex interplay between metabolism and signaling pathways. It not only plays a pivotal role in regulating cell fate, cell signaling, gene expression, and cellular metabolism, but also exhibits unique and profound biological implications in inflammation, immune regulation, construction of the tumor microenvironment, and maintenance of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular functions.

Acute appendicitis in children: Two microbial states associated with clinical indicators and severity.

Background: Acute appendicitis (AA) is one of the most common abdominal emergencies worldwide. It is associated with dysbiosis and is usually classified clinically as either simple appendicitis (SA) or complicated appendicitis (CA) . The etiology and pathogenesis of AA remain incompletely understood.

The viral early protein 4 of human papillomavirus type 16 suppresses innate antiviral immunity.

Although non-structural proteins of HPV are known to modulate interferon (IFN) responses, the specific role of HPV16 E4 in immune evasion remains poorly defined. In this study, we demonstrated that HPV16 E4 inhibited IFN and IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression induced by VSV, MHV, SeV, HSV1, and HPV16 infection. Plaque assays revealed that E4-expressing cells produced higher titers of VSV and HSV1, supporting its role in promoting viral replication.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 4-(Difluoromethyl)-1-imidazole-5-carboxylic Acids/4-(3-Cyanophenoxy)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic Acids as P2Y Receptor Antagonists for Ischemic Stroke Treatment.

To develop effective agents for ischemic stroke, compounds (IC = 0.49 μM) and (IC = 0.50 μM), as analogues of our previously reported antiplatelet agent HNW001, were identified as potent P2Y receptor antagonists, which were superior to HNW001 and BPTU (IC = 4.

Human papillomavirus E1 proteins inhibit RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS, TLR3-TRIF, cGAS-STING, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways to evade innate antiviral immunity.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major etiological agent of both malignant and benign lesions, with high-risk types, such as HPV16 and HPV18, being strongly linked to cervical cancer, while low-risk types like HPV11 are associated with benign conditions. While viral proteins such as E6 and E7 are well-established regulators of immune evasion, the role of E1 in modulating the host antiviral responses remains insufficiently characterized. This study investigates the immunomodulatory functions of HPV16 and HPV11 E1 in suppressing innate antiviral immune signaling pathways.

STING-∆C, a novel splice isoform of STING, inhibits DNA virus-induced innate immunity and autophagy.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays a critical role in the innate immune response to cytosolic DNA, primarily activating type I interferons (IFNs). Although alternative splicing is known to modulate immune pathways, the influence of STING splice isoforms requires further exploration. Here, we identified STING-∆C, a novel splice isoform of STING generated by retention of intron 6, resulting in a truncated C-terminus.

Efficacy of Penetrating Canaloplasty versus Trabeculectomy in Patients with Bilateral Primary Glaucoma: A Self-Control Study.

Introduction: Schlemm's canal-based minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGSs) are gaining increasing recognition and acceptance, but majority of these MIGSs are recommended in eyes with open angle. Bleb-independent penetrating canaloplasty (PCP) restores physiological aqueous outflow in eyes with both open and closed angles. We aimed to compare the efficacy, safety, and postoperative management of PCP versus trabeculectomy (TRAB) in patients with bilateral primary glaucoma.

Dynamic FDG PET/CT imaging: quantitative assessment, advantages and application in the diagnosis of malignant solid tumors.

Dynamic imaging has obtained remarkable achievements among a variety of malignant tumors due to the development of multiple simplified scanning protocols and the emergence of whole-body PET/CT scanners, which promote wider application of dynamic PET/CT. In this paper, we mainly review the acquisition protocols of dynamic imaging, related kinetic parameters, advantages and the application of dynamic PET/CT imaging in malignant tumors, including lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate neoplasm, and cancer of head and neck. Dynamic PET/CT imaging is increasingly being applied the diagnosis, staging, efficacy monitoring, and prognosis evaluation of malignant tumors.

Ferumoxytol promotes haematopoietic stem cell post-injury regeneration as a reactive oxygen species scavenger.

Under stress conditions, such as ex vivo culture, chemotherapy, irradiation and infection, haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) actively divide to maintain blood cell production. This process leads to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that causes HSC exhaustion and haematopoietic failure. Here we show that ferumoxytol (FMT; Feraheme), a Food and Drug Administration-approved nanodrug, is a powerful ROS scavenger capable of relieving ROS in stressed HSCs, facilitating their post-injury regeneration.

Human papillomavirus E2 proteins suppress innate antiviral signaling pathways.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cancers and benign lesions. High-risk (HR) types, including HPV16 and HPV18, are strongly implicated in cervical and other malignancies, while low-risk (LR) types, such as HPV11, are predominantly associated with benign conditions. Although the immune evasion of HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 are extensively studied, the immunomodulatory functions of the E2 protein remain poorly underexplored.