Investigation on temperature-dependent optoelectronic properties of MoSe nanosheet/Si heterojunction photodetectors.

MoSe nanosheet/Si heterojunction photodetectors were fabricated by a mechanical exfoliation method, and their electrical and optical properties at different temperatures were investigated. It was found that the MoSe nanosheet/Si heterojunction device exhibited excellent rectification characteristics at room temperature, and the rectification ratio gradually decreased with the decrease of temperature. The temperature-dependent electrical properties of the MoSe/Si heterojunction device were actually caused by the inhomogeneity of the potential barrier.

CRINKLY4: Multifaceted Roles Beyond Epidermal Cell Differentiation in Plant Development?

Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) play essential roles in plant growth and development. CRINKLY4 (CR4), one of the first reported RLKs in plants, is a well-known regulator of epidermal cell differentiation during leaf and seed development in maize. Within the last four decades, the functional landscape of CR4 has emerged across diverse developmental contexts and species, including dicots (e.

PEDUNCLE LENGTH 1 regulates wheat peduncle elongation through brassinosteroid signaling pathway.

This study identifies TaPL1, a MADS-box transcription factor underlying the QFiriti-6B QTL, as a key regulator of peduncle elongation in wheat. TaPL1 enhances brassinosteroid signaling through direct suppression of TaBKI1, and its loss-of-function alleles exhibit reduced plant height and peduncle length, but increased grain weight, offering valuable targets for yield improvement in wheat breeding.

Reshaping epigenomic landscapes facilitated bread wheat speciation.

Polyploidization is a driving force of wheat (Triticum aestivum) evolution and speciation, yet its impact on epigenetic regulation and gene expression remains unclear. Here, we constructed a high-resolution epigenetic landscape across leaves, spikes, and roots of hexaploid wheat and its tetraploid and diploid relatives. Inter-species stably expressed genes exhibited conserved amino acid sequences under strong purifying selection, while dynamically expressed genes were linked to species-specific adaptation.

Trophic transfer of CeO nanoparticles from clamworm to juvenile turbot and related changes in fish flesh quality.

Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) accumulate in marine sediments and exhibit adverse effects on benthic organisms. However, the effect of ENPs on marine benthic food chains is largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the trophic transfer and transformation of CeO ENPs within a simulated marine benthic food chain from clamworm () to turbot (), as well as their effects on fish flesh quality.

Structural Modulation of Cu(II)-Based Coordination Polymers by Schiff Base Ligands and Electrochemical Sensing for Heavy-Metal Ions.

Retaining the topology of the framework and the metal nodes while judiciously modifying the organic linker constituents presents an opportune avenue to systematically investigate the structure-activity relationship of coordination polymers (CPs). Herein, two functionalized Schiff base ligands, HL1a (1,2-cyclohexanediamine-,-bis(3--butyl-5--dicarboxybenzo--hydroxybenzyl)) and HL2a (1,2-diphenylethylenediamine-,-bis(3--butyl-5--diacarboxybenzo--hydroxybenzyl)), were designed and prepared. In the two ligands, the amine moiety connecting the Schiff base is either 1,2-diaminocyclohexane or the more sterically hindered diphenylethylenediamine, which directly influences the pore distribution in the subsequently synthesized crystalline materials.

Synthesis, in vivo analgesic activity, molecular docking and density functional theory analysis of acyl hydrazide derivatives of mefenamic acid.

This study explores the synthesis of new acyl hydrazide derivatives of mefenamic acid as potent analgesics with enhanced safety profiles. Thirteen compounds were synthesized via hydrazide intermediate functionalization and characterized spectroscopically (H/C NMR, and HRESI-MS). In vivo evaluation (acetic acid writhing, formalin paw licking, and tail immersion tests) revealed significant peripheral and central analgesic activity, with compounds 5 (N'-(4-chlorobenzoyl)) and 11 (N'-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)) outperforming mefenamic acid (81.

A delicate calculation method for reservoir initial water saturation based on a novel approach to J-function construction.

Accurately determining initial water saturation is essential for assessing reservoir resources and optimizing development, yet conventional J-function methods face challenges such as variability in curve fitting due to sample heterogeneity, less-than-optimal grouping schemes, and limited core sample availability. This study addressed these issues by analyzing 55 J-function curves from the N reservoir in Iraq's Zagros Basin, identifying permeability as the primary factor influencing curve shape. A novel classification method was developed, categorizing curves into power function and exponential function types based on permeability thresholds.

A nomogram for predicting post-stroke cognitive impairment no dementia in patients with first-ever mild ischemic stroke.

Objective: To identify significant predictors and construct a validated nomogram for predicting post-stroke cognitive impairment no dementia (PSCIND) risk among first-ever mild ischemic stroke (MIS) patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 242 first-ever MIS patients categorized into normal cognitive ( = 137) and PSCIND ( = 105) groups. Comprehensive data encompassing demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) imaging markers, neuropsychological assessments, and ischemic stroke lesion characteristics were collected.

Dyslexia as a moderator in the relationship between short video learning perception and behavioral intention among Chinese college students: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Dyslexia research in China is crucial because of limited awareness, lack of tools, and insufficient support. These issues seriously hinder students' academic success. To address this gap, this study examines how history-related short videos on social media platforms influence the learning behavior of students with dyslexia.

Proteomics identifies critical hemolymph proteins for extreme temperature adaptation in Hyalomma asiaticum.

Hyalomma asiaticum can survive in extreme environments including the semi-arid zones and deserts. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of the tolerance of ticks to extreme temperatures could help tick control by interfering with their temperature tolerance. A comprehensive analysis of the regulatory mechanisms of proteins in the hemolymph is essential to unraveling the survival strategies of ticks in harsh environments.

Discovery of benzopyronyl imidazolidinediones as new structural skeleton of potential multitargeting antibacterial agents.

This work developed a class of unique benzopyronyl imidazolidinediones (BIs) as new structural skeleton of potential multitargeting antibacterial agents to confront dreadful Staphylococcus aureus infections. Some target compounds exhibited effective antibacterial activities against the tested strains. Especially, butyl BI 6c and 5-hydroxy BI 26d exerted excellent inhibitory activity toward Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and MRSA 43300 with a low MIC value of 0.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: current advances in preparation and therapeutic applications for neurological disorders.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanoscale vesicles released by various cell types, have garnered significant attention in regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) exhibit unique advantages, including their compact size, ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB), low immunogenicity, and high biosafety profile. However, challenges such as standardization of isolation protocols, establishment of quality control criteria, and scalability of production remain unresolved.

Global 1-km habitat distribution for endangered species and its spatial changes under future warming scenarios.

Implementing biodiversity and climate actions for endangered terrestrial vertebrates is hampered by a lack of high-precision habitat maps. Therefore, we developed a dataset by linking the suitable land-use types and elevation ranges of each endangered terrestrial vertebrates and mapping these factors onto our recently developed global land use and land cover maps, we generated the distribution of global 1-km habitat suitability ranges distributions from 2020 to 2100 under varied climate warming scenarios for endangered terrestrial vertebrates (2,571 amphibians, 617 birds, 1,280 mammals, and 1,456 reptiles) and obtained the spatial evolution maps as compared to 2020 baseline. Validation of the 2020 data with actual observation data suggested that the AOH maps for 94% of amphibians, 94% of birds, 95% of mammals, and 91% of reptiles exhibited higher densities of observation points within the AOH compared to a uniform random distribution within the IUCN maps, indicating better-than-chance spatial alignment.

Toxicity of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol toward Nerve Cells.

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) accounts for a large fraction of fine particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere. Epidemiological studies have shown that SOA has adverse effects on human health. However, the current knowledge of the SOA's effect on the nervous system remains poorly understood.

Enhancement of Brewing Process Adaptability in Metschnikowia pulcherrima via Aspergillus oryzae-Immobilized Biocapsules.

This study addresses the inherent limitations of Metschnikowia pulcherrima (Mp), specifically its limited fermentation capacity and low ethanol tolerance, by developing biocapsules immobilized with Aspergillus oryzae (Ao), referred to as Mpb. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that Ao achieved an immobilization efficiency of 89.57 ∼ 93.

PDF gene family in four Cucurbitaceae species: genome-wide identification, classification and expression in response to biotic stress.

Background: Plant defensins (PDF) represent a crucial superfamily of innate immune proteins that exhibit antifungal and antibacterial activities, significantly contributing to biotic stress. Despite being significant horticultural and economic crops, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of Cucurbitaceae plant defensin genes (CuPDF) remains unreported.

Results: In this study, 19 CuPDF family members homologous to Arabidopsis PDF were predicted in four Cucurbitaceae and validated based on the presence of conserved PDF-related domains.

Urban soil health improves with green infrastructure and reduced pathogen risks.

Urban land-use change significantly alters soil microbial communities, with consequences for ecosystem functionality and public health. However, the ecological and health-related outcomes of converting cropland into urban green infrastructure remain poorly characterized. In this study, we examined how three land-use types, afforestation, constructed wetlands, and urban infrastructure, affect soil bacterial diversity, community assembly, and pathogen risk over a three-year period (2019-2023).

Real time tire stiffness estimation using enhanced GDM and RLS for autonomous vehicles.

Yaw stability is essential for vehicle lateral control and is strongly influenced by the nonlinear dynamics of tire-road interaction. Tire Lateral Stiffness (TLS), a key parameter in this process, varies with tire properties and road conditions. Accurate TLS estimation is crucial for autonomous driving safety, especially during aggressive maneuvers or on low-friction surfaces.

Gain or loss? Examining the dual effects of small talk on employees' safety performance.

Introduction: Small talk, an informal social interaction in workplaces, has been overlooked in research on safety performance, which traditionally focuses on organizational factors (e.g., safety climate, leadership).

The Important Role of the Polarization Effect in Cationic Hypervalent Chalcogen Bonds Catalysis.

Chalcogen bond (ChB) catalysts have recently garnered considerable attention in the field of organocatalysis owing to their advantages of nontoxicity, environmental sustainability, extensive applicability, affordability, and remarkable reactivity. In this work, the Se- and Te-based cationic hypervalent ChB catalysis on the bromolactonization reaction of N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS) with 4-pentenoic acid is investigated by high-level density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The ChB-catalyzed bromolactonization reaction has an intricate process involving bromine transfer, cyclization, and proton transfer.

Biological Characterization and DIVA Potential of Three Rough Vaccine Strains.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease primarily controlled through quarantine, culling, and vaccination. Live attenuated vaccines remain the most effective countermeasure, yet their application is limited by residual virulence and diagnostic interference. This study developed three rough-type attenuated mutants (G7, G8, G16) and evaluated their potential as DIVA (Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals) vaccine candidates.

Bloom Reshapes Microbial Community Structure, Interaction Networks, and Metabolism Patterns in Qinhuangdao Coastal Waters, China.

The coastal waters of Qinhuangdao are a major hotspot for harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the Bohai Sea, with being one of the primary algal species responsible for these events. A comprehensive understanding of the microbial community structure and functional responses to bloom events is crucial for elucidating their underlying mechanisms and ecological impacts. This study investigated the microbial community dynamics, metabolic shifts, and the environmental drivers associated with a bloom in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao, China, using high-throughput sequencing of 16S and 18S rRNA genes, co-occurrence network analysis, and metabolic pathway prediction.

Soil Salinity Drives the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Generalists and Specialists Subcommunity Assembly in Extremely Dryland Forest in China.

AM fungi play a pivotal role in regulating ecosystem functioning and processes. However, the assembly of soil AM fungal communities and its drivers across forests in extremely arid regions remain largely unclear. Here, we explored the composition and assembly processes of AM fungal communities in the soil of forests in northwest China.