Cultural narratives, social norms, and psychological stigma: a study of mental health help-seeking behavior in Peshawar, Pakistan.

Introduction: Mental health stigma remains a major barrier to accessing psychiatric care worldwide, with pronounced effects in culturally traditional societies such as Peshawar, Pakistan. In the Pashtun cultural context, the code of Pashtunwali-an honor-based system-shapes social attitudes and behaviors, potentially influencing mental health help-seeking patterns. This study examines how cultural narratives, social norms, and stigma interact to affect help-seeking behavior in this sociocultural setting.

Synthesis, in vivo analgesic activity, molecular docking and density functional theory analysis of acyl hydrazide derivatives of mefenamic acid.

This study explores the synthesis of new acyl hydrazide derivatives of mefenamic acid as potent analgesics with enhanced safety profiles. Thirteen compounds were synthesized via hydrazide intermediate functionalization and characterized spectroscopically (H/C NMR, and HRESI-MS). In vivo evaluation (acetic acid writhing, formalin paw licking, and tail immersion tests) revealed significant peripheral and central analgesic activity, with compounds 5 (N'-(4-chlorobenzoyl)) and 11 (N'-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)) outperforming mefenamic acid (81.

Phytochemical Screening and Antidiabetic Potential of in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats: Investigative Study Toward Possible Mechanism.

has long been used in folk medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including diabetes, skin disorders, dropsy, cuts, wounds, ulcers, fever, and blood disorders, etc., which are generally categorized under the complications of diabetes mellitus. Various species of this genus have also been verified to possess strong anti-diabetic activity.

Coltsfoot ( L.; Asteraceae): modern methods of extraction, phytochemistry, nanoparticles synthesis, ethnopharmacology, and biological activities.

L. (Asteraceae), commonly known as coltsfoot, is a widely recognised medicinal plant, traditionally used for treating respiratory, digestive, and circulatory ailments. Its therapeutic potential is attributed to a diverse phytochemical profile comprising alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, which contribute to its reported neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.

Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye over Ni-Cd doped and co-doped ZnO nanoparticles.

This study demonstrates the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of doped NiZnO and co-doped CdNiZnO NPs. Initially, ZnO NPs with a unique mesoporous ellipsoidal morphology were synthesized by simple precipitation and calcination. Powder X-ray diffraction revealed the formation of a hexagonal phase of the wurtzite structure.

Correction: Mahnashi et al. In-Vitro, In-Vivo, Molecular Docking and ADMET Studies of 2-Substituted 3,7-Dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one for Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Alzheimer's Disease. 2022, , 1055.

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Investigating E, E-farnesol production unleashed by an indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from baker's yeast under stationary culture.

The production of E, E-farnesol (FOH) from an indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bot-S4 was introduced in the present study. A total of twelve (Bot-S1 to S12) different strains of S. cerevisiae were isolated from different samples of baker's yeast, using Yeast Malt agar medium (2.

Bielecki-Ulam stability of a hammerstein-type difference system.

In this study, we investigate the Bielecki-Ulam (B-U) stabilities of two forms of Hammerstein-type difference systems (HT-DS). Specifically, we consider the systems: and by establishing conditions under which a unique solution exists. We derive sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions that satisfy B-U stability criteria.

Construction of Hierarchical Star Like Morphology of NiO Nanosheets Having Superb Peroxidase Mimetic Properties for Effective Colorimetric HO Sensing.

In this work, we have developed a novel and sensitive colorimetric sensor by the constructions of hierarchical star-like structure of exfoliated NiO called as NiO-ɤ catalyst with strong peroxidase mimetic properties. The as prepared sensor predicted highest sensing response with wider and linear range of 0.001-0.

Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of Targeted Chemotherapy of Crizotinib-loaded polymeric Nanoparticles on Cancer Cell Lines.

Introduction: Crizotinib, an inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase, holds significant potential for the treatment of lung cancer. However, its toxicities present a major challenge to its clinical use. To enhance the targeted delivery of Crizotinib to lung tumors, polymeric-based nanoparticles were developed.

Study of fractional order epidemic compartmental model by using artificial deep neural networks.

This paper aims to study a compartmental mathematical model of rotavirus disease with fractals fractional order differential equations. In addition, we employ the deep neural networks (DNN) to investigate the aforementioned dynamical system. Recently, DNNs approach has attracted more attention from researchers.

Solving age-dependent infectious diseases and tumor growth models using the contraction approach.

This study establishes existence and uniqueness theorems for solution sets in three domains of biological modeling: age-dependent diseases infectiousness, infectious disease transmission, and tumor growth dynamics. We illustrate that fixed-point theory, using contraction mapping concepts, offers solid mathematical foundations for model stability and solution consistency. Our principal contribution is to develop generalized contraction techniques that ensure the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the differential equations describing these biological systems.

Lead and cadmium toxicity effects on the seed germination and early seedling growth in different environments.

Heavy metal toxicity affects germination, seedling growth, and other physiological processes in plants. To assess the toxic effects of heavy metals on the seed germination and seedling growth of , we tested lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) at multiple concentrations ranging from 30-180 mg/L in both heterogeneous and homogeneous environments. The results showed that all seeds germinated regardless of Pb and Cd concentrations and environmental conditions, and the final germination percentage (GP) remained unchanged.

In vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation of oxadiazole derivatives bearing flurbiprofen moiety using experimental and computational approaches.

Improving anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs with negligible adverse effects remains a significant challenge for long-term use. In the present study, flurbiprofen-based oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their in vivo anti-inflammatory activity using the carrageenan-induced paw edema assay in mice. Amongst the tested compounds, 10, 3, and 5 exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory activity, with edema inhibition rates of 88.

Identification of genetic risk variants in PCSK9 gene and its association with myocardial infarction in Pakistani Pashtun population.

Objective: Substantial advancements have been made in the identification of genetic risk variants associated with myocardial infarction (MI), predominantly within developed nations. The limited representation of the Pakistani population in genetic studies motivated us to design this study. The objective of this study is to identify the genetic variants within the PCSK9 gene and its possible association with myocardial infarction (MI) in Pakistani Pashtun population.

Discovery of Furan-tethered Triazolothiadiazoles and Triazolothiadiazines as Potent Tyrosinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Skin Diseases: Insights from Kinetics Data and Computational Modeling.

Introduction: Tyrosinase, a copper-containing enzyme, is responsible for melanin production, and its overactivity can lead to hyperpigmentation.

Methods: This study aimed to evaluate triazolothiadiazoles (3a-h, 4a-f) and triazolothiadiazines (5a-h) against human and mushroom tyrosinase isozymes.

Results: Several derivatives, such as 3a-3b, 3d, 4c-4f, 5d, and 5e, were identified as potent and selective inhibitors of mushroom tyrosinase, with IC50 values ranging from 1.

Real time blood detection in CCTV surveillance using attention enhanced InceptionV3.

Accurate detection of blood in CCTV surveillance footage is critical for timely response to medical emergencies, violent incidents, and public safety threats. This study proposes a real-time deep learning framework that combines the InceptionV3 architecture with Convolutional Block Attention Modules to enhance spatial and channel-level feature discrimination. The model is further optimized through a proposed attention module that intensifies attention to small and minute blood-related patterns, even under challenging conditions such as occlusions, motion blur, and low visibility.

Marine Drug Design for Epitheliocytis Rendering AI-Assisted Bioisosteric Replacement of Salicin.

Epitheliocystis is a distinctive and relatively understudied bacterial infection of finfish skin and gill epithelia that occurs intracellularly and results in the enlargement of the host cells. The Candidatus Syngnamydia salmonis is a bacterial pathogen that affects fish, especially salmon species like trout and salmon. The production of Epitheliocystis by Candidatus Syngnamydia salmonis poses several challenges to the aquaculture industry.

A comprehensive review on superficial mycoses, classification, conventional/new therapeutic approaches and fungal-drug resistance.

Mycoses (fungal infections) are highly emerging threat to public health globally. Among six million fungal species, less than 1 % is pathogenic and infects peoples. Most of them affecting skin, nail and hair, which are very common diseases known as superficial mycosis.

Modeling COVID-19 transmission: effects of age structure and vaccination.

A mathematical model for COVID-19 dynamics is developed, incorporating age structure, disease progression, and vaccination. Addressing gaps in existing literature, the model integrates heterogeneous intercohort mixing for realistic disease transmission, with a primary focus on Pakistan and global applicability. Well-posedness is established via the abstract Cauchy problem framework.

Investigating the Quality of Family Relationships and Goal Attainment: Analyzing the Mediating Role of Psychological Distress.

Objective: Late adolescence and young adulthood are crucial periods when individuals rely on family support to navigate challenges like identity formation and career decisions. Supportive families aid in coping during this transition. This study examines the links between family quality of life (FQoL), goal attainment, and psychological distress in the Pakistani cultural context.

Macroalgae Polysaccharides Enhance Brain Health by Mitigating Scopolamine-induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Via Nrf-2/TLR4/NF-kB Pathways.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder commonly associated with memory loss and difficulties in performing daily activities, particularly in the aging brain.

Purpose Of The Study: This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of macroalgae-derived polysaccharides from seaweed against scopolamine-induced amnesia, oxidative stress, and amyloid plaque (Aβ) production in rodents, following standard experimental protocols.

Methods: Three novel polysaccharides were extracted from Chara vulgaris, Cladophora glomerata, and Spirogyra crassa, namely: methylated pectin-type polysaccharides (PS1), methylated pectin-type polysaccharides (homo galacturonan and rhamno galacturonan, PS2), Ulvan-type polysaccharide, and xyloglucan polysaccharides (PS3).

Elimination of cetyldimethylethylammonium ammonium bromide from water by almond shell based magnetic activated carbon/membrane hybrid processes.

A composite material; Magnetite Carbon Nanocomposite (AMCNC), was synthesized using almond shell waste biomass following a co-precipitation method. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized using instrumental techniques such as BET/BJH surface area measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), determination of the point of zero charge and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The EDX, FTIR and XRD analysis revealed the presence of iron oxide on the surface of AMCNC, crystallinity and magnetic character.

Green synthesis, , and assessments of hydrazone-Schiff bases as potential antileishmanial agents.

Aims: To synthesize and assess hydrazone Schiff bases using green chemistry principles for potential antileishmanial activity.

Materials & Methods: Sixteen hydrazone Schiff bases, including seven novel compounds (SSB2, SSB4, SSB5, RSB4, SSB14, SSB15, and SSB31), were synthesized under solvent-free conditions using grinding technique. The compounds were structurally confirmed via FT-IR, H NMR, and C NMR spectroscopy.

Correction: Ullah et al. Ultrasound-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Using Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) for Neutral Red Dye Spectrophotometric Determination. 2022, , 6112.

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