Rational design of an ultra-high-gain MoS phototransistor enabling room-temperature detection of few-photon signals and attomolar-level immunosensing.

Determining the number of photons in an incident light pulse at room temperature is the ultimate goal of photodetection. Herein, we report a plasmon-strain-coupled tens of photon level phototransistor by integrating monolayer MoS on top of Au nanowire (NW). Within this structure, Au NW can greatly enhance incident light intensity around MoS, and the large tensile strain can reduce the contact energy barrier between MoS and Au NW, so as to achieve efficient injection of plasmonic hot electrons into MoS.

Landscape of extracellular small RNA and identification of biomarkers in multiple human cancers.

Extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) in biofluids, sourced from diverse tissues, exhibit various biological functions and diagnostic potential. Small non-coding RNAs, such as rsRNAs and tsRNAs, are abundant in tissues and likely secreted into biofluids, contributing to exRNA profiles. To comprehensively evaluate exRNAs, we employed traditional and enzymatic treatment RNA sequencing to systematically profile exRNAs across six human biofluids including serum, ascites, urine, milk, seminal plasma and saliva as well as sera from mice, rats, rabbits, and bovines.

Analysis of histone modifications in key cellular subpopulations in the context of azoospermia using spermatogenic single-cell RNA-seq data.

Introduction: The molecular underpinnings of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), a severe form of male infertility characterized by the absence of sperm in the ejaculate, remain unclear.

Methods: In this study, we demonstrate the role of histone modifications within specific testicular cell subpopulations in NOA using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data.

Results: Based on scRNA-seq analysis of the data acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE149512), we identified nine distinct cell types and revealed significant compositional differences between the NOA and control testicular tissues.

Pretraining-improved Spatiotemporal graph network for the generalization performance enhancement of traffic forecasting.

Traffic forecasting is considered a cornerstone of smart city development. A key challenge is capturing the long-term spatiotemporal dependencies of traffic data while improving the model's generalization ability. To address these issues, various sophisticated modules are embedded into different models.

Rapid identification of daratumumab interference with M-protein detection using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry: a case study involving renal light chain amyloidosis.

Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (t-mAbs), such as daratumumab (anti-CD38), are increasingly used in plasma cell disorders including systemic AL amyloidosis. However, their exogenous IgG kappa/lambda components can mimic endogenous monoclonal immunoglobulins in serum immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE), leading to diagnostic challenges. We report a 48-year-old male with biopsy-confirmed lambda-restricted renal AL amyloidosis.

A Hemoglobin Variant, Resulting from a Novel Missense Mutation [CD 112(G14) Cys > Ser (TGT > TCT); : C.338G > C], Was Discovered by MALDI-TOF MS.

Here we report a hemoglobin (Hb) variant, initially detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). A 29-year-old woman who presented to our hospital for a medical examination showed a remarkable discrepancy between her fasting plasma glucose level (5.07 mmol/L) and her HbA value (3.

Pro-inflammatory diet and the risk of depression and anxiety: A prospective study based on the dietary inflammatory index.

Background: Foods contain pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory components that may influence mood. This study aims to investigate the association between dietary inflammation, assessed by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and anxiety and depression.

Methods: DII was calculated from 29 food items in a 24-h diet recall questionnaire from the UK Biobank.

Understanding Nitrous Acid (HONO) in the Urban Boundary Layer Using Continuous HONO Measurements at a 450 m Tall Tower in Guangzhou, China.

Nitrous acid (HONO) is a key precursor of hydroxyl radicals (OH) in the urban atmospheric boundary layer. However, most HONO observations so far are on the ground level, while HONO chemistry at higher altitude remains largely unknown. Through one-month observations at a 450 m platform of Canton Tower in Guangzhou, China, we have identified two distinct regimes of nocturnal HONO chemistry.

Outcomes and prognosis of surgically treated thoracic spinal meningiomas: a multicenter cohort study.

Objective: Thoracic spinal meningiomas (TSMs) are common intradural extramedullary tumors and are usually surgically treated. Although surgery generally results in positive outcomes, some patients experience residual or new neurological impairments. The authors conducted a multicenter cohort study to investigate prognostic factors that affect functional recovery following TSM resection.

Patterns and trends in the burden of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in China (1990-2021) and predictions to 2040.

BackgroundThe epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) in China is understudied as compared to global levels.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the trend of dementia epidemiology in China from 1990 to 2021 and provide predictions for the next two decades.MethodsThe Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) 2021 were used to analyze the prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates due to ADRD in China and globally.

Direct screening and quantification of monoclonal immunoglobulins in serum using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry without antibody enrichment.

Objectives: Monoclonal gammopathies (MGs) are characterized by the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulins (M-proteins). Currently, recommendations for screening of MGs primarily rely on nephelometry, turbidimetry and electrophoresis, which have inherent limitations in sensitivity and throughput. This study aimed to evaluate a novel MALDI-TOF MS-based method, the intact M-protein Screening-Light Chain Assay (iMS-LC Assay), for direct M-protein detection and quantification without antibody enrichment.

A three-miRNA panel in serum: Serving as a novel diagnostic method for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

BackgroundNasopharyngeal carcinoma has unique epidemiological characteristics. Screening for this currently lacks a highly efficient, non-invasive, and inexpensive method. Serum microRNA (miRNA), which is stable and commonly present, has the potential to serve as a novel marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis.

Exercise interventions for patients with heart failure: an evidence map.

Background And Aims: Although exercise performance is an essential tool for managing heart failure, there is still no consensus on whether exercise prescriptions can be universally applied to all types of heart failure patients. This study aimed to describe and evaluate the evidence on exercise interventions for patients with heart failure by creating an evidence map.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database to identify systematic reviews and meta-analysis.

A bimetallic core-shell Cu@MnO nanozyme with enhanced oxygen activation for efficient oxidase-like activity.

The construction of bimetallic catalysts with two catalytic sites is reported to be an innovative and effective approach to enhance catalytic activity. Accurate structural design is one of most important approaches in regulating the compatibility of the synergistic effects between the two catalysts of bimetallic nanozymes but remains an enormous challenge. In this study, the Cu@MnO bimetallic catalyst with a core-shell structure is designed and synthesized using CuO precursor as the sacrifice template.

A cost-effective predictive tool for AFP-negative focal hepatic lesions of retrospective study: enhancing clinical triage and decision-making.

Background: Identifying alpha-fetal protein (AFP)-negative focal hepatic lesions presents a significant challenge, particularly in China. We sought to develop an economically portable tool for the diagnosis of benign and malignant liver lesions with AFP-negative status, and explore its clinical diagnostic efficiency.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from January 2017 to February 2023, including a total of 348 inpatients with AFP-negative liver space-occupying lesions.

The impacts of power transmission and transformation projects on ecological corridors and landscape connectivity: a case study of Shandong province, China.

With the rapid urbanization and electrification in recent years, investment and construction in power infrastructure have been strengthened. Although it has a positive impact on economic development and energy distribution, the ecological and landscape impacts brought by the construction of related auxiliary facilities are often overlooked. To achieve a harmonious relationship between energy development and ecological protection, this study aims at the impacts of power transmission and transformation projects on ecological corridors and landscape connectivity.

Panel containing three serum microRNAs: a promising biomarker for early detection of bladder cancer.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is a common tumor worldwide. Screening for BC currently lacks a highly efficient, non-invasive, and inexpensive method. Serum microRNA (miRNA), which is stable and commonly present, has the potential to serve as a novel marker for BC diagnosis.

Global and Regional Patterns in Edentulism (1990-2021) With Predictions to 2040.

Aims: Edentulism's impact on overall well-being is widely recognized, but there is limited information on regional and sex disparities in its global burden. This study aims to fill this gap by providing an updated picture of edentulism's burden by region and sex and predicting its global trend for the next 2 decades.

Methods: This study analyzed and reported Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data on the prevalence, incidence, and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) of edentulism, with a breakdown by sex and sociodemographic index (SDI).

Use of Active Low Suction Pressure (Subgaleal) Drains in Chronic Subdural Hematoma Surgery.

Background: Subdural drains are used to reduce recurrence after surgical evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma. There is a small risk of parenchymal injury. We hypothesize that using subgaleal drains with low active suction (-50 mm Hg to -100 mm Hg) may be a safer alternative and still maintain efficacy in preventing recurrence.

The Functional Dilemma of Nectar Mimic Staminodes in (Celastraceae): Attracting Pollinators and Florivorous Beetles.

While floral signaling plays a central role in the reproductive success of all animal-pollinated plants, it may also attract herbivores eager to feed on flowers. False nectaries with glossy surfaces reflecting incident light may produce signals that attract floral visitors guiding their movements to and within the flower. Whether false nectaries also attract herbivores that lower the reproductive success of natural populations requires attention.

Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in Shenzhen, China.

Background: Data on the prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) in China are very limited. Our aim was to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of MGUS in a large Chinese population.

Methods: This study included 49,220 healthy people who received serum immunofixation electrophoresis (sIFE) and serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) tests.

Analytical performance evaluation of the Mindray enzymatic assay for hemoglobin A measurement.

Hemoglobin A (HbA) plays a crucial role in diabetes management. We aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of a new enzymatic method kit for HbA measurement. The performance of the enzymatic method, including precision, accuracy, and linearity, was evaluated.

Interference of hemoglobin variants with HbA1c measurements by six commonly used HbA1c methods.

Background: Glycated hemoglobin, or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), serves as a crucial marker for diagnosing diabetes and monitoring its progression. We aimed to assess the interference posed by common Hb variants on popular HbA1c measurement systems.

Methods: A total of 63 variant and nonvariant samples with target values assigned by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC)-calibrated methods were included.

Compound heterozygous with Hb G-Taipei and Hb Lepore-Boston-Washington: An unexpected finding triggered by HbA measurement.

Background: Hemoglobin A1c has been widely used to diagnose and monitor diabetes. However, the accuracy of HbA analysis can be significantly affected by hemoglobin variants, leading to falsely low or elevated levels and misdiagnosis or inappropriate diabetes management.

Case Report: In this study, we present the case of a 23-year-old man with undetectable HbA levels during his annual checkup by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE).