Innovative organ-on-a-chip platforms for exploring tumorigenesis and therapy in head and neck cancer.

Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) presents significant research challenges due to the complexity of its tumor microenvironment (TME) and the heterogeneity across different cancer subtypes. Recent advancements in three-dimensional (3D) culture models and organ-on-a-chip (OOC) technology offer new avenues for mimicking the TME and enhancing the study of tumor biology, drug responses, and personalized treatment strategies. This study aims to summarize the current state of these models in HNC research and their potential in bridging the gap between preclinical models and clinical applications.

CyberKnife Staged Radiotherapy for Elderly Patients With Poorly Differentiated Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Dosimetric Analysis.

This case describes an 81-year-old male patient with poorly differentiated lung adenocarcinoma, complicated by severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a history of coronary stenting. The patient underwent CyberKnife (Accuray Inc., Madison, WI, United States) stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with synchrony respiratory tracking and staged radiotherapy.

Identification of metabolic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis treated with methylprednisolone.

Objective: This study aims to screen and identify metabolic biomarkers and targets for methylprednisolone treatment of thymoma with myasthenia gravis (MG) through metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis, thereby improving guidance for clinical medication and treatment.

Methods: Serum from 15 patients with thymoma accompanied by severe MG was collected. Changes in serum metabolite levels before and after methylprednisolone treatment were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

Evolutionary divergence on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau: How life-history traits shape the diversity of plateau zokor and pika populations.

Understanding how species diverge and adapt is fundamental to unraveling biodiversity. While environmental impacts on species evolution are well-documented, the roles of intrinsic life-history traits remain underexplored. The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, with its harsh conditions and unique biodiversity, offers a natural laboratory for such investigations.

Rituximab-Chidamide combination chemotherapy enhances autophagy to overcome drug resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a challenging malignancy, particularly when resistance to standard therapies such as Rituximab develops. This study investigates the combined therapeutic effects of Rituximab and Chidamide on DLBCL, focusing on drug resistance mechanisms and autophagy regulation. Using high-throughput proteomics and transcriptomic analyses, key proteins and signaling pathways were identified.

Chemically defined and growth factor-free system for highly efficient endoderm induction of human pluripotent stem cells.

Definitive endoderm (DE) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) holds great promise for cell-based therapies and drug discovery. However, current DE differentiation methods required undefined components and/or expensive recombinant proteins, limiting their scalable manufacture and clinical use. Homogeneous DE differentiation in defined and recombinant protein-free conditions remains a major challenge.

Global epidemiological profile in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a prediction study.

Objectives: This study delineates the global nasopharyngeal carcinoma's (NPC) incidence and mortality across 185 countries in 2020 and projects the disease's burden by 2040.

Design: A prediction study.

Setting: Countries within the 20 world regions.

Effect of exercise for patients with advanced lung cancer and cancer-related fatigue: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a significant burden for patients with advanced lung cancer. While exercise is recommended for managing CRF during pre- and active treatment phases, evidence supporting its efficacy in advanced stage remains limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effects of exercise on CRF and its common complications in patients with advanced lung cancer.

Research progress of graphene-based nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer.

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Due to the late-stage diagnosis and poor prognosis of HNC, as well as the limitations of traditional treatment methods, it is urgent to improve early detection rates and explore alternative treatment approaches. Graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) have been widely applied in biomedical fields due to their high surface area, excellent photothermal properties, and high loading capacity.

Myocardial fibrosis is associated with brain microstructural alterations in patients with heart failure: A diffusion MRI study.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the changes in brain diffusion in patients with heart failure (HF) by measuring the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and to investigate the relationship between these changes and cardiac injury features.

Methods: The study included 49 patients with HF and 39 healthy controls. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy as a First-Line Therapy for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Phase 3 EXTENTORCH Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) have poor prognoses and unmet medical needs.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of toripalimab plus etoposide and platinum-based chemotherapy (EP) vs placebo plus EP as a first-line treatment for patients with ES-SCLC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 randomized clinical trial (EXTENTORCH study) enrolled patients from September 26, 2019, to May 20, 2021, and was conducted at 49 sites in China.

Construction of lysosome-related prognostic signature to predict the survival outcomes and selecting suitable drugs for patients with HNSCC.

Lysosomes are digestive organelles responsible for endocytosis and autophagy. Recently, the malignancy and invasiveness head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has been increasingly studied with the role of lysosomes. A list of lysosome-related genes were obtained from MSigDB.

Protocol to evaluate rat and mouse cardiomyocyte proliferation in vitro and in vivo.

Here, we present a protocol for the quantitative assessment of rat and mouse cardiomyocyte proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. For the in vivo approach, we describe steps for the isolation of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and the employment of various indicators to quantify cell proliferation. We then detail in vivo procedures that incorporate comprehensive assays and a genetic lineage tracing strategy to evaluate endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation.

Macrophages: plastic participants in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) rank among the most prevalent types of head and neck cancer globally. Unfortunately, a significant number of patients receive their diagnoses at advanced stages, limiting the effectiveness of available treatments. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a pivotal player in HNSCC development, with macrophages holding a central role.

Correlation of negative emotion, fatigue level and internet addiction in college students: implication for coping strategies.

Background: Internet addiction has an important influence on the development of physical and mental health of college students. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current status and the correlation between college students' negative emotion, fatigue level and Internet addiction disorder, and to provide reference for the care and management of college students.

Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey on a cluster sample of college students from October to November 15, 2022.

Congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ia in a Chinese family: Function analysis of a novel complex heterozygosis mutation.

Congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ia (CDG-Ia) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by a mutation in the phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2) gene. We have identified a 13-month-old boy who has been diagnosed with CDG-Ia. He displays several characteristic symptoms, including cerebellar hypoplasia, severe developmental retardation, hypothyroidism, impaired liver function, and abnormal serum ferritin levels.

Sphingolipid metabolism controls mammalian heart regeneration.

Utilization of lipids as energy substrates after birth causes cardiomyocyte (CM) cell-cycle arrest and loss of regenerative capacity in mammalian hearts. Beyond energy provision, proper management of lipid composition is crucial for cellular and organismal health, but its role in heart regeneration remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate widespread sphingolipid metabolism remodeling in neonatal hearts after injury and find that SphK1 and SphK2, isoenzymes producing the same sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), differently regulate cardiac regeneration.

Injuries of Different Surgical Instruments on the Vocal Folds of Dogs.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the damage of vocal folds caused by four different surgical instruments: CO laser, electrosurgical knife, plasma radiofrequency ablation, and steel knife.

Study Design: Randomized controlled study.

Methods: The CO laser, electrosurgical knife, plasma radiofrequency ablation, steel knife, and other instruments were used to simulate the laryngeal microsurgery on experimental dogs.

Cerebral hypometabolism mediates the effect of stroke volume on cognitive impairment in heart failure patients.

Aims: The present study aimed to phenotype the cerebral structural and glucose metabolic alterations in patients with heart failure (HF) using simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) and to investigate their relationship to cardiac biomarkers and cognitive performance.

Methods And Results: Forty-two HF patients caused by ischaemic heart disease (mean age 67.2 ± 10.

Characteristics of cancer-related fatigue and its correlation with anxiety, depression, and stress-related hormones among Chinese cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Fatigue is a common source of distress for cancer survivors. The severity of cancer-related fatigue varies significantly, which may be due to individual differences in host factors.

Aim: This cross-sectional study aims to explore how demographic, oncological, sociological, psychological, and stress-related hormones levels interact to influence the distinct experiences of fatigue (Cancer-related fatigue [CRF] occurrence and fatigue degree).

Predictive value of the systemic immune inflammation (SII) index for stroke-associated pneumonia.

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of the systemic immune inflammation (SII) index on the occurrence of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) in patients with acute stroke.

Methods: Data of patients with or without a previous history of pulmonary who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University within 24 h of the onset of stroke were collected between January 2017 and December 2019. Patient's demographic data, stroke type, past medical history, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, Glasgow Coma score, and laboratory tests were collected.

The PERK Branch of the Unfolded Protein Response Safeguards Protein Homeostasis and Mesendoderm Specification of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Cardiac development involves large-scale rearrangements of the proteome. How the developing cardiac cells maintain the integrity of the proteome during the rapid lineage transition remains unclear. Here it is shown that proteotoxic stress visualized by the misfolded and/or aggregated proteins appears during early cardiac differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells and is resolved by activation of the PERK branch of unfolded protein response (UPR).

Neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 sensitizes head and neck squamous carcinoma cells to (S)-10-hydroxycamptothecin.

Head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide. Targeted therapeutic drugs for HNSCC are still being explored. Among them, (S)-10-hydroxycamptothecin (10-HCPT), a specific inhibitor of TOP1, functions by DNA double-strand breaks that can inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death subsequently.