Naoxintong Capsules for Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke: Meta-Analyses of Clinical and Preclinical Evidence.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Naoxintong, a Chinese patent medicine, may serve as an adjunctive therapy for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke.

Aim Of The Study: To assess the effectiveness and safety of Naoxintong in preventing recurrent ischemic stroke and to review its preclinical evidence.

Materials And Methods: A search of electronic databases and registries was performed to locate relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Naoxintong for preventing ischemic stroke recurrence and animal studies exploring its mechanisms in atherosclerosis improvement.

EpilepsyFM: A domain-specific foundation model for epileptic representation learning using EEG signals.

Epilepsy with its complex seizure mechanisms and diverse clinical manifestations, presents numerous challenges for clinical diagnosis and treatment, while electroencephalography (EEG) plays a crucial and irreplaceable role in its diagnosis. Although general-purpose foundation models have demonstrated some capability in knowledge processing, they still face challenges in capturing specific disease features and dealing with data scarcity in highly specialized domains such as epilepsy. To address these issues, we propose a domain-specific foundation model for epilepsy-EpilepsyFM, designed to learn generalized representations of epilepsy to support various downstream tasks.

Discovery of insect Fairmaire extracts with anti-tyrosinase activity and anti-melanin deposition.

Background: Fairmaire is a medicinal insect that has been used for a long time by minority ethnic groups in Yunnan, China, due to its immunomodulatory function. However, its potential applications in cosmetics have not been reported.

Methods: experiments were used to verify whether the extracts of Fairmaire (EBR) have the effect of inhibiting TYR activity and eliminating melanin deposition.

Autogenous Transplantation of an Immature Undersized Third Molar to Rehabilitate a Cyst-Associated Lateral Incisor Defect: A 3-Year Case Report.

Severe periapical cysts frequently result in tooth loss with concomitant severe alveolar bone destruction, precluding immediate implant placement. Autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT), which involves transplanting the patient's own tooth to the recipient site, offers a biological approach to reconstruct both the dentition and supporting bone structures. This report presents a 25-year-old female with a mobile, discolored maxillary right lateral incisor (#12) exhibiting grade 3 mobility due to a large periapical cyst (extending to #14 on CBCT) with root developmental arrest, secondary to Oehlers type II dens invaginatus.

Safety and Diagnostic Yield of Transbronchial Cryobiopsy by Flexible Bronchoscopy Under Conscious Sedation Without Intubation in Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease.

Background: Transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBCB) is generally recommended under intubation or rigid bronchoscopy with general anesthesia. However, some patients with diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD) are unable to tolerate general anesthesia, which limits the widespread adoption of TBCB.

Methods: A total of 37 patients with DPLD who underwent TBCB under conscious sedation without intubation were included in this study.

An interplay of non-coding RNAs regulates CDH13 expression and affects endothelial function and coronary artery disease risk.

Many common diseases have a polygenic architecture. The responsible alleles are thought to mediate risk by disturbing gene regulation in most cases, however, the precise mechanisms have been elucidated only for a few. Here, we investigated the genomic locus, which genome-wide significantly associates with coronary artery disease, a globally leading cause of death caused by accumulation of lipid-rich inflammatory plaques in the arterial wall.

Prognostic comparison between LNM and MaVI of hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter population-based propensity scores matching study.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with lymph node metastases (LNM) is an uncommon neoplasm and has an ambivalent prognosis compared to the common type of HCC with macrovascular invasion (MaVI).

Methods: In this study, the clinical data of patients were extracted from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) and Southeast Big Data Institute of Hepatobiliary Health, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University. The K-M survival curve described overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) between LNM and MaVI.

Clinical effect of Nd:YAG laser-assisted non-surgical periodontal treatment on stage II/III periodontitis.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of Nd:YAG laser-assisted non-surgical periodontal treatment on patients with stage II/III periodontitis.

Methods: A total of 599 teeth from 22 patients with stage II/III periodontitis were included in this study. A split-mouth design randomly assigned one side to the laser group (subgingival instrumentation + Nd:YAG laser) and the other to the control group (subgingival instrumentation alone).

Using WGCNA and transcriptome profiling to identify hub genes for salt stress tolerance in germinating soybean seeds.

Salinized soil can significantly hinder soybean growth, leading to a reduction in overall yield. To address this issue, identifying key genes related to salt tolerance in soybeans is essential for improving their resistance to salinity and ensuring sustainable development of soybean production. While current research predominantly focuses on salt tolerance during the seedling stage, there is still a lack of comprehensive studies on the genes involved in salt tolerance during the germination stage.

Comparative effects of three SARS-CoV-2 inactivation methods on cytokine detection using LEGENDplex™ bead-based immunoassays.

In virology-related studies, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it is routine to inactivate body fluid samples carrying the virus to reduce the spread of the virus and guarantee the safety of biobankers and researchers. However, inactivation treatments may affect the molecular structure of proteins in biological samples, and it is necessary to select an inactivation method that has the least impact on the target molecule associated with protein detection techniques. Cytometric Bead Array (CBA), a novel and powerful technology, allows the simultaneous quantification of up to 10-30 different soluble proteins from one sample, with a particular focus on various cytokines and chemokines in human body fluids.

Colloidal InSb Quantum Dots Mid-Wave Infrared Photoconductive Detectors via One-Step Strong Acid Surface Treatment Strategy.

Colloidal InSb quantum dots (QDs) hold significant promise in infrared photodetection. However, the current InSb QDs suffer from poor carrier mobility and limited spectral response (<1.8 μm) due to complex surface structure and high sensitivity to hydrolysis and oxidation.

Veillonella intestinal colonization promotes C. difficile infection in Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease is a severe inflammatory disorder of the intestine for which there is no cure. Individuals suffering from Crohn's disease are at an increased risk of developing Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), which considerably exacerbates symptoms. Using a prospective observational clinical study combined with animal models of intestinal inflammation, we show that intestinal colonization by Veillonella, an oral commensal, promotes CDI in Crohn's disease.

Enhancing spectroscopy and microscopy with emerging methods in photon correlation and quantum illumination.

Quantum optics has led to important advancements in our ability to prepare and detect correlations between individual photons. Its principles are increasingly translated into nanoscale characterization tools, furthering methods in spectroscopy, microscopy and metrology. In this Review, we discuss the rapid progress in this field driven by advanced technologies of single-photon detectors and quantum-light sources, including time-resolved single-photon counting cameras, superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and entangled photon sources of increasing brightness.

Associations of nutrient intake, dietary behaviours, and patterns with metabolic profiles and obesity measures: findings from a cross-sectional study in a southern Chinese population.

Background: Metabolic diseases and obesity are highly prevalent, and diet plays a key role in their prevention and management. This study aimed to characterise the nutrient intake, dietary behaviours, and patterns of the South Chinese population and examine their associations with metabolic profiles and obesity measures.

Methods: Data for this study were obtained from a cross-sectional study involving participants residing in Guangdong Province, China.

ARHGAP4/MYH9/β-catenin/c-Jun positive feedback loop promotes colorectal cancer stemness.

Rho GTPase-activating protein 4 (ARHGAP4) is implicated in poor prognosis across multiple malignancies. However, its role in driving stemness in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that ARHGAP4 drives CRC stemness through a positive feedback loop involving MYH9/β-catenin/c-Jun, as validated by integrated bioinformatics analysis, in vitro and in vivo tumor stemness assays, co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching.

Preoperative prediction model of microvascular invasion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients based on CT radiomics can assist clinical surgical decision-making: a multicenter study.

Objectives: We developed and validated a combined CT-based model to predict microvascular invasion (MVI) in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) for surgical resection decision-making.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 292 patients with pathologically confirmed ICC between January 2012 and May 2023 at four institutions. The patients were divided into training (n = 141), test (n = 60), and external validation (n = 91) cohorts.

Stochastic frequency fluctuation super-resolution imaging.

The inherent non-linearity of intensity correlation functions can be used to spatially distinguish identical emitters beyond the diffraction limit, as achieved, for example, in super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI). Here, we propose a complementary concept based on spectral correlation functions, termed spectral fluctuation super-resolution (SFSR) imaging. Through theoretical and computational analysis, we show that spatially resolving time-frequency correlation functions in the image plane can improve the imaging resolution by a factor of 2 in most cases and up to twofold for strictly two emitters.

Outcome prediction model for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with targeted therapy.

There is no well-established model to predict the outcomes of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC) receiving targeted therapy. The goal of this study was to develop and validate a prediction model that accurately predicts outcomes of patients who received targeted therapy for u-HCC. We retrospectively analyzed data from patients with u-HCC who had received targeted therapy (sorafenib or lenvatinib) between 2011 and 2023 across three centers.

Explainable ensemble learning for predicting pine wilt disease spread.

The rapid global spread of Pine Wilt Disease (PWD) has resulted in considerable ecological and economic losses, underscoring the necessity for precise forecasts of its future dissemination as a pivotal element in the control of the disease. In contrast to traditional semi-empirical models, which are unable to be applied to the increasing number of outbreak areas, machine learning (ML) models are better able to capture the hidden patterns of PWD spread. However, ML models have poor interpretability, and the imbalance between infected and potentially infected samples, coupled with the high dimensionality of the influencing factors, makes it challenging for any single ML model to achieve satisfactory performance.

Visible light blocking performance of a wide-field X-ray telescope onboard the Einstein probe.

The wide-field X-ray telescope (WXT) onboard the Einstein probe (EP) is equipped with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detector that is sensitive not only to X-rays but also to visible light. Therefore, effective visible light blocking is crucial to prevent interference with X-ray performance. In this paper, we present the design of the blocking films and the baffle for the WXT module and simulate the blocking performance on visible light.

Influence of glycated hemoglobin on thromboinflammation in acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective, propensity score matching study.

Background: Hyperglycemia is acknowledged as a pivotal factor associated with poor prognosis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The intricate interplay among hyperglycemia, thrombosis, and inflammation has garnered significant attention. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and risk of thrombosis, and the role of inflammation, in patients with AIS.

Population-scale sequencing resolves correlates and determinants of latent Epstein-Barr Virus infection.

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is an endemic herpesvirus implicated in autoimmunity, cancer, and neurological disorders. Though primary infection typically resolves with subclinical symptoms, long-term complications can arise due to immune dysregulation or viral latency, in which EBV DNA is detectable in blood for decades. Despite the ubiquity of this virus, we have an incomplete understanding of the highly variable responses to EBV that range from asymptomatic infection to a trigger for severe disease.

Epitaxial Growth of Spherical Monodisperse ZnSe Quantum Dots: Roles of Additives and Precursors.

Zinc selenide (ZnSe) quantum dots (QDs) emerge as promising eco-friendly materials for generating pure blue light emission due to their suitable bandgap. However, conventional synthetic methods of ZnSe QDs face persistent challenges in achieving isotropic growth and morphological uniformity. In this study, the roles of additives and precursors in the homogeneous growth of ZnSe QDs via a seed-mediated growth strategy are systematically investigated.

Self-management needs of adolescents with type 1 diabetes on transition to adult health care: a qualitative study.

Unlabelled: This study is to explore the self-management needs of adolescents with type 1 diabetes from the perspective of those who are currently undergoing or have recently completed the period of healthcare transition. One-on-one in-depth interviews were conducted with 13 adolescents between July 2024 and September 2024. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling at a tertiary hospital in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.

A supramolecular approach to improve the performance and operational stability of all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

Wide-bandgap perovskite is pivotal as a photoactive layer in the top cell of prevailing tandem solar cells. However, the intrinsic instability of wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells is predominantly attributed to the vacancy defects caused by multiple ion migration. Here, we incorporate an ether ring super-molecule into perovskite.