Fast real-time detection and counting of thrips in greenhouses with multi-level feature attention and fusion.

Thrips can damage over 200 species across 62 plant families, causing significant economic losses worldwide. Their tiny size, rapid reproduction, and wide host range make them prone to outbreaks, necessitating precise and efficient population monitoring methods. Existing intelligent counting methods lack effective solutions for tiny pests like thrips.

Unraveling the pathogenicity role of the novel compound heterozygous mutations of MED25 gene in a Chinese patient with BVSYS.

Introduction: Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 25 (), a crucial component of the transcriptional coactivator complex, plays a significant role in the transcription of most RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mutations in have been linked to various genetic syndromes, including Basel-Vanagaite-Smirin-Yosef Syndrome (BVSYS) and Intellectual Disability (ID). This study elucidated the molecular mechanism through which compound heterozygous mutations in the gene impaired pre-mRNA splicing, ultimately causing BVSYS.

Molecular Insights into Carbon Spacer Length Effects on Sulfobetaine-Phosphoric Acid Interactions: Optimizing Acid Retention for Polymer Electrolytes.

Phosphoric acid (PA) retention is essential for the efficient and stable operation of PA-doped proton exchange membranes (PEMs) in fuel cells. The strength of the interactions between polymer functional groups and PA is a key determinant of PA retention. In this work, we systematically investigate the interactions between zwitterionic sulfobetaines (SBs) with varying carbon spacer lengths (CSLs) and PA under both anhydrous and hydrated conditions using density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Association of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I, Platelet Counts, and Total Bilirubin/Albumin Ratio with the Severity of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia.

This study aimed to investigate the association between serum high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) concentrations, platelet counts, and the severity of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB), as well as their correlation with the total bilirubin/albumin (B/A) ratio. A total of 82 neonates diagnosed with NHB and treated at JingMen People's Hospital of Hubei Province, China, between September 2023 and December 2023 were enrolled. Participants were categorized into mild and severe NHB groups based on total bilirubin levels.

A Novel Strain WC412 with Superior Environmental Resilience Improves Growth Performance of Mice by Regulating the Intestinal Microbiota.

The growing demand for sustainable and antibiotic-free animal production has intensified interest in probiotics as functional feed additives. In this study, novel strains of (WC412 and WC413) were isolated from pickle water-a previously unexplored source for probiotic screening. These isolates, along with three reference strains ( S8, S15, and S17), were evaluated for their tolerance to heat, acid, and bile salts.

Anterior olfactory nucleus mediates parallel inter-bulbar pathways in rodents.

Background: Interhemispheric communication of olfactory information is crucial for accurate odor perception and odor source localization in animals. However, the underlying structural basis for this communication in mammals remains poorly understood. Using electrophysiological recordings and virus-mediated tracing, we systematically dissected the neural circuits involved in interhemispheric transmission between the bilateral olfactory bulbs (OBs).

The role of gut microbiota in adolescent depression: Insights from adverse childhood experiences.

Background: Depression has become a leading global mental health disorder, with a rising prevalence of 15-20 % among adolescents. Emerging evidence suggests that adolescent depression may constitute a distinct subtype, differing clinically and neurobiologically from adult presentations. The gut microbiota's role in psychiatric disorders has garnered increasing attention, as dysbiosis may modulate behavior and mood via the microbiota-gut-brain axis, potentially contributing to depressive pathogenesis.

Magneto-Electrochemical Deposition of Faceted Copper Microcrystals for Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electrocatalysis.

Electrochemical deposition is a facile and effective method for the in situ growth of metal electrocatalysts; however, it is difficult to optimize their morphology and performance due to the kinetics-controlled growth at high current density. Herein, we develop a new magneto-electrochemical deposition technique to prepare the faceted microcrystals of copper (Cu) catalysts for highly efficient electrocatalytic nitrate-to-ammonia conversion. The field generates a Lorentz force on the flow of Cu ions near the cathode surface, which retards the mass transport to predeposited Cu particles and increases the density of Cu nucleation sites due to the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) effect.

Optically Driven Microgear Transmission System via Optical, Hydrodynamic, and Frictional Coupling.

Optical tweezers, with noncontact and high-precision manipulation, offer unique advantages in micro-nano mechanics and microfluidics. Here, we demonstrate an all-optical microgear transmission strategy based on dynamically assembled microrotors driven by vortex beams. The microrotors driven by the optical torque of vortex beams can generate localized flow fields, combined with optical forces and interparticle friction, forming a coupled transmission mechanism for angular momentum transfer.

Subdiffusive energy transport in a strongly nonlinear ϕ^{4} lattice.

Subdiffusion is argued to be forbidden in a classical homogenous Hamiltonian system due to finiteness of the Poincaré recurrence time. Recently, long-range-interaction-induced subdiffusion has been revealed, which questions the above argument. In this Letter, we study a one-dimensional φ^{4} lattice and present convincing evidence in various aspects that in strong nonlinearity regimes energy transport can be subdiffusive in such a system with neither disorder nor long-range interaction.

The Efficacy of Traditional Surgery Versus Minimally Invasive Surgery in Non-Lactation Mastitis Patients: A Retrospective Data Analysis.

Aim: This study comparatively analyzes the clinical efficacy and safety of traditional open surgery and minimally invasive approach for non-lactation mastitis using a retrospective cohort analysis. By assessing the impact of these surgical approaches on postoperative inflammatory indicators, recurrence rates, and recovery outcomes, the study intends to offer a scientific basis for optimizing clinical management strategies.

Methods: This study included 109 patients diagnosed with non-lactation mastitis who were treated at Jingmen Central Hospital between January 2018 and December 2023.

NXF1 suppresses progression of endometrial cancer by interacting with the SRSF3 to regulate SP4 splicing.

Conventional treatments for advanced endometriosis often have limited efficacy due to chemotherapy resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. This study analyzed clinical specimens to investigate the role of NXF1 in endometrial cancer (ECa) progression. Mouse models and molecular biology assays were used to elucidate NXF1's function and mechanisms and .

The impact of algorithm awareness on the acceptance of personalized social media content recommendation based on the technology acceptance model.

Background: Concerns about personalization bias and opaque algorithmic control raise questions about trust and user agency. Despite widespread adoption, users often lack awareness of how recommendations are generated. This study examines how logic comprehension, bias perception, and transparency recognition influence trust, perceived usefulness, and behavioural intention within an extended technology acceptance model framework.

Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the puerarin - β - lactoglobulin complex in vitro and in vivo.

This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of puerarin (PUE) and β-lactoglobulin (β-lg). The results of the in vitro antioxidant assay revealed that the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging rates of the PUE/β-lg complex were generally superior to those of free PUE within the tested experimental concentration range. The in vivo antioxidant activity assay, using Caenorhabditis elegans (C.

Deciphering nitrogen-driven microbial succession in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor-coupled A/O ecological system for the remediation of industrial swine wastewater.

Rapid expansion of industrial pig farming has intensified existing challenges in the management of nutrient-rich wastewater, characterized by high organic loads (chemical oxygen demand (COD): 15,000-30,000 mg/L) and ammonium nitrogen (NH-N): 800-2,500 mg/L) concentrations. In this study, an integrated treatment system with a combination of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) membrane-based anaerobic membrane bioreactor and an anoxic/aerobic/oxidation pond (A/O) was developed for swine wastewater remediation. The system achieved exceptional remediation efficiency, removing 99.

d-Electron Asymmetry-Driven CN Coupling on Heteronuclear Dual-Atom Catalysts for Sustainable Urea Electrosynthesis.

The transition toward carbon-neutral chemical manufacturing calls for innovative strategies to produce nitrogen-based compounds with minimal environmental impact. Urea, a key nitrogen-rich chemical, is currently synthesized via the energy-intensive Bosch-Meiser process, which relies heavily on fossil fuel-derived ammonia. As a sustainable alternative, electrochemical urea synthesis (ECUS) enables the direct coupling of nitrogenous and carbonaceous precursors under ambient conditions, yet remains hampered by sluggish kinetics and poor selectivity-particularly in the critical C─N bond formation step.

Associations between multiple circulating metals and clinical characteristics in lung adenocarcinoma: a hospital-based pilot study.

Metal exposure has been identified as a risk factor for lung adenocarcinoma, yet the relationship between internal metal exposure and clinical characteristics reflecting tumor development has been underexplored. In this cohort study, we enrolled 285 consecutively admitted lung carcinoma patients and 118 age and sex-matched healthy participants, and determined the metal concentrations in paired plasma and blood cells by using a well-evaluated ICP-MS method. The associations between individual or combined metal exposures and tumor size, location, stage, or lymph node metastasis were evaluated by using univariable tests, logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, weighted quantile sum, and Bayesian kernel machine regression.

m6A-modified circCCAR1 promotes malignant proliferation by enhancing KIF5B expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known for its aggressive nature and high mortality rates. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of cancer progression, yet the role of the circRNA cell division cycle and apoptosis regulator 1 (circCCAR1) in HCC is poorly understood. This study aims to explore the mechanism of circCCAR1 in HCC progression.

Association Between Preoperative Cognitive Performance and Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients: Results From a Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study, and a Mendelian Randomization Study.

This study evaluated the association between preoperative cognitive performance and postoperative delirium (POD) using a multicenter prospective cohort, and explored potential causality using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. We analyzed data from 2257 patients aged ≥ 75 years undergoing elective noncardiac and noncranial surgeries across 16 Chinese medical centers. Preoperative cognitive assessment using Mini-Cog revealed 28.

Research progress of norcantharidin nanodrugs for tumor treatment.

Globally, cancer remains a major cause of death, and although a range of therapeutic options are available, conventional approaches often encounter significant limitations. Norcantharidin (NCTD), a small molecule with a wide range of biological properties, holds great promise in the field of antitumor therapy, but its poor solubility and short half-life limit its clinical application. However, combining drug nanotechnology with the anti-tumor effect of NCTD can significantly improve its bioavailability as well as stability and targeting.

Tanshinone IIA alleviates liver fibrosis by suppressing hepatic stellate cell proliferation via ERK/cyclin D1/p-Smad3L signaling axis.

Objectives: Liver fibrosis (LF) is a critical stage in chronic liver disease progression, and effective therapeutic drugs are currently lacking. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a monomer extracted from , shows potential in treating LF. This research aims to discuss the antifibrotic efficacy and underlying pharmacological mechanism of Tan IIA.

Microglial exosome TREM2 ameliorates ferroptosis and neuroinflammation in alzheimer's disease by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Microglia and exosomes are intimately connected with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aim to investigate the role and potential mechanisms of M2-like (anti-inflammatory) microglia-derived exosomes (M2-Exos) in AD. We utilized an Aβ-induced AD model in HT-22 neurons and mouse.

Transcriptional activation of FGL1 by KDM1A promotes immune evasion in lung cancer.

Immunotherapy is often thwarted by the innate ability of cancer to evade immune detection. Lysine-specific demethylase 1A (KDM1A/LSD1) has been implicated in the development of various cancers, yet its specific influence on immune evasion in lung cancer and the mechanisms at play are not well defined in the current scientific discourse. Through bioinformatics, we probed the expression patterns of KDM1A and fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) in lung cancer continues with cellular validation.

Supplementation of plant fermentation carbon sources significantly enhances the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing genes and increases nitrogen removal in a municipal wastewater treatment plant.

This paper deals with the effects of a cost-effective plant fermentation carbon source (PFCS) on nitrogen removal in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Carbon source and electron donor shortage remained one of the limiting factors for denitrification and nitrogen removal in the WWTPs of China. The PFCS was supplemented to increase the influent carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio from the original 9:1 to 82:1.