Osteocalcin promotes mineralization in bone microenvironment via regulating hydroxyapatite formation and integration.

Within the bone microenvironment, the intricate interplay and regulation among matrix components form a complex network. Disentangling this network is crucial for uncovering potential therapeutic targets in bone pathology. Osteocalcin (OCN), the most abundant non-collagenous bone protein, is an essential node within this network.

A new design of wind power prediction method based on multi-interaction optimization informer model.

The accurate prediction of wind power is imperative for maintaining grid stability. In order to address the limitations of traditional neural network algorithms, the Informer model is employed for wind power prediction, delivering higher accuracy. However, due to insufficient exploration of dynamic coupling among multi-source features and inadequate data health status perception, both prediction accuracy and computational efficiency deteriorate under complex working conditions.

Trace Water in Solvent Precisely Influences the Formation Process of the Active Layer for Organic Solar Cells.

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are attracting widespread attention as a promising renewable energy technology. The solvent purity exhibits a great impact on the photovoltaic performance of OSCs, but how trace water in solvent influences the formation process of the active layer and the device performance remains unclear. Here, we systematically investigate the impact of trace water in chloroform (CF) on film formation and performance of PM6:L8-BO OSCs.

Wafer-Scale Carbon-Based Field Effect Transistor Type Gas Sensor Array for Gaseous Mixture Identification.

Indoor air pollution poses a major global health threat, with complex chemical components and low detection standards being core issues. Due to intrinsic cross-sensitivity, a wide range of commonly used resistive gas sensors struggle to accurately identify multiple gases in mixtures. Simultaneously identifying gas species and their concentrations has been a significant challenge in the field of gas detection.

Alkyl Sulfinate Anion-Mediated Hydrosulfonylation of Alkenes/Alkynes via SO Insertion: Access to Alkyl Sulfones.

An alkyl sulfinate anion-mediated hydrosulfonylation of alkenes/alkynes with alkyl bromides involving SO insertion has been developed for the synthesis of alkyl sulfones. Sodium dithionite (NaSO) acts as both an SO surrogate and a single-electron donor, thereby obviating the need for metal catalysts or metallic reductants. This protocol features broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance, accommodating a range of bioactive scaffold molecules such as citronellol, estrone, borneol, and cholesterol.

Establishment of "Structure-Efficiency" Relationship in Ultra-High Purity Metal Systems: Multi-Scale Analysis of Tellurium as a Prototype.

As critical strategic materials, ultra-high-purity scattered metals play roles across cutting-edge technological domains. Significant challenges remain in investigating the spatial location and chemical environment of impurities in high-purity systems due to the limitations of conventional thermodynamic techniques and characterization resolution, hindering the improvement of purification efficiency. In this study, using tellurium as a model, a cross-scale methodology is developed to elucidate the correlation between structural evolution and impurity separation efficiency.

Dual modulation of metal center and pore topology in covalent organic frameworks for photoreduction of carbon dioxide to multi‑carbon fuels.

The photocatalytic CO reduction yielding C products (CH, CH) represents a promising pathway to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. Nevertheless, the intrinsic relationship between metal center and pore topology, which has a significant effect on C product activity, remains to be elucidated. Herein, three covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with varying pore topologies were designed and metal centers were introduced through a post-modification strategy.

Study on accumulative plastic deformation of cement-fly ash improved subgrade coarse-grained soil under heavy-haul traffic loads and relative prediction based on PSO-ANN.

In order to study the accumulative plastic deformation characteristics of coarse-grained subgrade soil improved by cement-fly ash under heavy-haul traffic loads, and propose the corresponding prediction model, a series of dynamic performance tests were conducted under varying axial dynamic stress amplitudes, confining pressures and additive contents to acquire accumulative plastic strain-vibration times relationship curve. Subsequently, an accumulative plastic strain prediction model trained by PSO-ANN was developed. The research shows that as the axial dynamic stress amplitude gradually increases, the accumulative plastic strain of the specimen also increases under constant vibration frequency.

Bending Test and Numerical Simulation of Externally Prestressed Reinforced Concrete Beams on the Side Facade.

China has a vast number of infrastructure projects, with concrete structures accounting for the majority. To achieve the rapid and effective reinforcement and renovation of existing engineering structures, this paper proposes a novel approach for the rapid strengthening of concrete beams: an external prestressed reinforcement method applied to the side facade. To investigate the effectiveness of this new reinforcement method, we used three ordinary concrete beams serving as control specimens without prestress application, nine beams reinforced using traditional external prestressing, and nine beams reinforced with external prestressing applied to the side facade.

Multifunctional control of oxide interface via surface-oxygen-vacancy engineering.

Interfacial properties of oxide heterostructures, such as LaAlO3 (LAO)/SrTiO3 (STO), are closely related to the surface physicochemical states, offering unprecedented avenues for device tuning. Herein, we demonstrate that surface oxygen vacancy engineering through amorphous-LAO capping layer enables multifunctional control of interfacial conductivity, Kondo physics, and Rashba spin-orbit coupling at LAO/STO (001). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrical transport measurements reveal that the formation of oxygen vacancies at the LAO surface triggers charge transfer and insulator-to-metal transition of LAO/STO, with its carrier density increasing from 0.

Near infrared light driven nanocatalyst with hole-mediated GSH-depletion for augmented memory therapy.

Photocatalytic therapy holds promise as a non-invasive approach for tumor treatment and is currently under active development. However, its effectiveness relies on continuous laser radiation, which can limit its practical application. To overcome this challenge, we designed a novel composite photocatalyst composed of SnO nanoparticles strategically decorated on CuO nanospheres.

Facilitating carrier kinetics in ultrathin porous carbon nitride through shear-repair strategy for peroxymonosulfate-assisted water purification.

Achieving high specific surface area (HSSA) in graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) severely depolymerizes the molecular chain structure, resulting in sluggish carrier kinetic behaviors and thus moderated water purification performance in photocatalytic peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation system. Herein, we report a versatile shear-repair strategy for fabricating ultrathin porous g-CN nanosheets with a thickness of 1.5 nm, HSSA (138.

All-Optical Synapses Based on a Mechanoluminescent Material.

Neuromorphic computing systems hold promises to overcome the inefficiencies of conventional von Neumann architecture, which are constrained by data transfer bottlenecks. However, conventional electrically modulated synapses face inherent limitations such as limited switching speed, elevated power consumption, and substantial interconnection loss. Optical signaling offers a transformative alternative, leveraging ultrafast transmission, high bandwidth, and minimal crosstalk.

Dynamic identification of candidate genes associated with higher tocopherol biosynthesis in seeds.

Vitamin E is a crucial fat-soluble antioxidant playing vital roles in human health as well as the growth and development of plants and animals. L. (rapeseed) is recognized as the world's second most important oilseed crop, serving as a primary source of vegetable oil and vitamin E.

Hair-Like Mechanoluminescent Structures with Ultralow Activation Threshold for Dynamic Force Sensing.

Mechanoluminescence (ML)-based sensing technology opens up new opportunities for photonic/electronic skin due to their self-powered nature, visible spatial mapping of mechanical stimuli, and intrinsic responses to dynamic forces. However, challenges such as weak brightness and high activation threshold have hindered their development. Inspired by hair-like structures of human skin, skin-bionic mechanoluminescent PDMS/ZnS:Cu microcilia array film (MLMCA) is fabricated using a magnetic field-assisted template method.

Phosphine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dearomative Annulation of 4-Nitroisoxazoles with Allenoates: Construction of Isoxazoline-Fused Bicyclo[3.3.0]octenes.

An intermolecular phosphine-catalyzed dearomatization reaction of 4-nitroisoxazoles with allenoates was realized through one-pot sequential [3 + 2]/[3 + 2] annulation. Various isoxazoline-fused bicyclo[3.3.

Hot Compression Behavior and Processing Maps of 6063 Aluminum Alloy Under Medium Strain Rate.

A hot compression test was conducted across a range of temperatures (350, 400, 450, and 500 °C) and varying strain rates (0.001-10 s) to explore the hot compression behavior of the 6063 alloy. Hot processing maps were obtained based on the stress-strain curves.

The origin of the anomalous expansion of the first peak in the radial distribution function during the rapid solidification of tantalum metal.

The cause of the anomalous shift in the first maximum peak of radial distribution functions (RDFs) with decreasing temperature in metallic melts and glasses remains highly controversial. In this study, we show that the first RDF peak exhibits anomalous expansion as the temperature decreases during the non-equilibrium solidification ( = 1 × 10 K s and = 1 × 10 K s) of liquid tantalum. This behavior is primarily due to alterations in both the geometric and electronic structures of the system.

Experimental study on effective stress coefficient of sandstone based on Mohr-Coulomb criterion under hydraulic-mechanical coupling.

Excavating water-saturated rock strata inevitably induces slippage and alters effective stress, significantly affecting the rock's strength and deformation capacity. Understanding the hydro-mechanical coupling characteristics of these strata is essential for the safe excavation of vertical shafts. This study employs triaxial compression tests on water-saturated sandstone using the MTS-815 rock mechanics test system to investigate these characteristics.

A sustainable alginate-based multifunctional porous material with integrated thermal barrier and reversible fire warning for enhanced building protection.

The need for innovative bio-based building material development that solves excessive energy consumption and environmental sustainability and enables thermal barrier with sensitive early fire warnings is urgent. This study focuses on developing a sustainable multifunctional SNAP (sodium alginate/nickel oxide/ammonium polyphosphate/polypyrrole) porous material, fabricated by incorporating sodium alginate (NaAlg) as the primary structural matrix, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as a flame retardant, nickel oxide (NiO) for temperature sensing and enhanced flame retardancy, and polypyrrole (PPy) to improve electrical conductivity for fire warning functionality. The inclusion of APP, NiO, and PPy significantly improved the limiting oxygen index to 48.

Solid solution reaction enhanced rapid sodium ion Migration for superior Low-Temperature performance.

Owing to the natural abundance of sodium resources, sodium-ion battery (SIBs) systems have emerged as highly promising alternatives for next-generation energy storage applications, particularly for large-scale grid storage and cost-sensitive implementations. The electrochemical performance exhibit pronounced temperature dependence, especially for capacity retention, cycling stability, and operational safety. Both elevated and sub-ambient temperature conditions can induce various detrimental effects that markedly compromise cell performance and longevity.

Quadra-Mode Luminescent Phosphors for Force/Thermo-Encoded Information Storage and Anticounterfeiting Applications.

Multimode luminescent materials possess diverse optical characteristics and play crucial roles in photocommunication and information security. Force-induced mechanoluminescence, as a distinctive excitation mode, exhibits impressive capabilities in the field of anticounterfeiting and information storage. Here, we integrate mechanoluminescence with the conventional luminescence modes (including up-conversion luminescence, down-conversion luminescence, and thermoluminescence (TL)) within LiNbO via well-tuned codoping of Er and Pr.

Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics using aminoguanidine-functionalized iron-based metal-organic frameworks.

The degradation of antibiotics in wastewater has gained significant attention due to the detection of high concentrations of these contaminants in water systems. Moreover, the complex composition of water matrices, which contain various coexisting components, poses significant challenges to their effective removal. To address this, in the present study, we investigated the selective photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).

Resonant Coupling Effect by Metal Nanoparticles Modification: An Effective Strategy for High Sensitization of MOS-Based Chemiresistive Gas Sensors.

Metal nanoparticle surface modification is a simple and efficient method to realize highly sensitive detection for chemiresistive gas sensors. Although a few theoretical explanations for the complicated matching relationship in the sensing system constructed from the modified metal, semiconductor material, and target gas have been proposed, there are no corresponding specific evaluation parameters based on the metal sensitization mechanism, which are crucial for the guidance of high-performance sensing materials design. Herein, taking MnO-based chemiresistive gas sensors as examples, the improvement effect of the metal nanoparticles modification on the gas-sensing properties of MnO-based chemiresistive sensors toward HCHO and NH is investigated.

Surface Engineering Enabled Capacitive Gas-Phase Water Molecule Sensors in Carbon Nanodots.

Gas-phase water molecule sensors are essential in scientific, industrial, and environmental applications, playing a crucial role in ensuring human safety, monitoring pollution, and optimizing processes. However, developing gas-phase water sensors with high sensitivity remains a significant challenge. Herein, the effect of molecular adsorption on capacitive response is explored, and a facile surface engineering strategy to achieve sensitive carbon nanodots (CDs)-based sensors for HO is demonstrated.