Short-chain per/polyfluoroalkyl substances alternatives enhance horizontal gene transfer risks in nitrification systems under quaternary ammonium compounds antimicrobials co-stress despite lower acute toxicity than perfluorooctanoic acid.

The ecological risks posed by per/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), as emerging contaminants, to the aquatic environment have recently attracted considerable attention. However, it is still unclear whether and how the combined stress of PFAS and QACs affects wastewater treatment system performance and modulates the transmission of resistance genes (RGs). In this paper, it was investigated that the ecological impacts of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its alternatives, perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), on nitrification systems with/without diallyl dimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC), a typical QACs disinfectant, during 120 days.

Enzymatic synthesis and functional characterization of site-specific S/O-linked N-glycopeptides: Elucidating the impact of glycosidic linkage patterns on bioactivity.

Glycoengineering of therapeutic peptides/proteins has been hindered by the fact that no cost-effective and scalable strategy is currently available to install a β-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residue to a pre-determined Asn site in peptides/proteins, to be further glycosylated by N-glycan. In this study, we developed a two-step enzymatic method to prepare N-glycan-modified peptides with natural β-S/O-glycosylation linkage by sequentially catalyzed by the S/O-HexNAc-transferase from Streptomyces venezuelae ATCC 15439 (SvGT) and the N180H mutant of endoglycosidase from Coprinopsis cinerea (EndoCC). To unravel how glycosylation linkage patterns and glycosylation extent impact the bioactivity of the glycopeptides, cell-based receptor activation potency and in vivo hypoglycemic activity were assayed for β-S/O/N-glycosylated glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues.

Migration and phototransformation of additives in plastic products: A case study of advertising banners.

Advertising banners, as commonly used plastic materials for promotional activities, are enhanced with various additives to optimize their performance. These additives may migrate or transform, presenting potential risks to the health of human and ecosystems. However, the environmental impact of additives in advertising banners has been largely disregarded.

Fabrication of heterocyclic porous polymers for enriching and sensitive detection of aflatoxins in cereal foods.

Cereal foods are very susceptible to aflatoxins (AFs) pollution, posing significant health hazards to people. This necessitates the development of robust sorbent for enriching and sensitively detecting AFs in cereal foods. Herein, two heterocyclic hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCP-1 and HCP-2) sorbents were developed using benzotriazole as monomer for the first time.

Cationic alkyl chain length and nanoaggregate form of ionic liquids dominate biocompatibility and toxicity.

While ionic liquids (ILs) have diverse applications, their potential in biomedical applications remains largely untapped due to gaps in systematic understanding of the spectrum of IL biosafety (biocompatibility/toxicity). Here, we establish an IL library and identify an in vitro reduction in biocompatibility (increased toxicity) with increased ILs' cationic alkyl chain length. Particularly, we present compelling evidence for IL nanoaggregates in aqueous environment, thereby elucidating the mechanisms involved in cell interactions.

The application of desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and mass spectrometry imaging in metabolomics, lipidomics and proteomics analysis.

At present, mass spectrometry (MS) and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) have developed into versatile analytical techniques, applicable for the analysis of both small molecules and macromolecular compounds and complexes. Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), as an ambient MS (AMS) technique, enables rapid analysis and imaging under open conditions with minimal or no sample preparation required. In this review, the principles and mechanisms of DESI were described, especially for the factors affecting the analysis including suppression effects, device condition parameter settings, and ionization and transmission efficiency.

Advances and mechanistic insights into low-frequency (Sub-8 GHz) microwave-absorbing materials: A critical review bridging conventional architectures and emerging frontiers.

The rapid proliferation of 1-8 GHz electromagnetic waves (EMW) in modern communication systems has intensified the need for advanced low-frequency microwave absorbers. This review highlights the evolution of sub-8 GHz absorption materials, transitioning from traditional magnetic systems (e.g.

Desensitizing mechanism of thermal processing on pumpkin seed protein: allergen structure alteration and immune reactions in mice.

Background: Pumpkin seeds are commonly consumed nuts. While their allergic potential has been neglected, major allergens existing in pumpkin seed proteins (PS pro) are not clarified yet. Thermal processing has been reported as an effective desensitizing method.

Polysaccharide Silver Nanoparticles: A Study of Its Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antibacterial and Immunomodulatory Activities.

Green-synthesized metal nanoparticles show promise in nanomedicine and material engineering. In this study, the polysaccharide of (ZOP) was used as a raw material. Through single-factor experiments and a response surface methodology, the optimum synthesis protocol of polysaccharide silver nanoparticles (ZOP-NPs-AgNPs) was determined as follows: V(AgNO):V(ZOP) = 2.

Development of highly efficient resin-based Ag-π nanocatalysts an catalytic strategy for selective cinnamaldehyde hydrogenation.

This study presents ion-exchange resin-based Ag-π nanocatalysts synthesized an catalytic strategy. Ag/RS-180 demonstrates 100% conversion and selectivity for cinnamaldehyde hydrogenation, while Ag/RS, lacking π-carbon, exhibits only 5-12% conversion. The local conjugated network functions as an efficient electron pool, donating electrons to facilitate the reduction of cinnamaldehyde.

Polyimide-driven innovations as "inert" components in high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

The rapid proliferation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) across portable electronics and electrified transportation systems has propelled unprecedented requirements for high energy density, prolonged cycle life, and improved safety protocols. Polyimides (PIs), attributed to the excellent thermal stability, mechanical robustness, chemical stability, and flame retardant properties, have been widely researched as "inert" materials to address critical challenges in advancing LIBs. Herein, this review provides design principles for employing PIs' inherent characteristics to develop next-generation high-performance LIBs with balanced energy density, rate capability, and operational reliability.

Recent Advances in Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Materials for Enhanced Photothermal Catalytic Reverse Water-Gas Shift Reaction.

With the rapid growth of the human society, the concentration of CO in the atmosphere has caused serious environmental problems. Photothermal catalytic reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reactions, as an efficient and green pathway for CO conversion, has received widespread attention. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) materials have shown great potential in the field of photothermal catalysis due to their unique physical, chemical, and optical properties.

Urbanization intensifies deterministic selection of pathogenic bacteria in river networks: Nitrogen-driven niche partitioning and cross-scale risk forecasting through DOM-bacteria interplay.

Urbanization modifies the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and nitrogen nutrients, profoundly affecting river microbial communities. However, the mechanisms driving pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the river system in Shijiazhuang, a northern Chinese megacity, using high-throughput sequencing, spectroscopy, and machine learning to explore how DOM and nitrogen influence bacterial communities.

Heterologous expression of L-lactate dehydrogenase in Chlorella pyrenoidosa: A beginning for poly(L-lactic acid) biosynthesis from CO by eukaryotic microalgae.

Lactic acid is a monomer of poly(lactic acid), and the use of sugar-based raw materials in conventional lactic acid production poses a risk to food security. CO is an abundant carbon resource, and microalgae are crucial for the development of third-generation bio-manufacturing through CO utilization. In this study, the transformation efficiency of Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C.

Decoupling KOH Activation Path to Construct Graphitic Porous Carbon Anode for Enhanced Potassium Ion Storage.

Carbonaceous anodes with concurrently rich pore channels and plenty of continuous graphitic domains are highly desirable for potassium-ion batteries by virtue of their excellent ion and electron transport ability, but the traditional activation strategy tends to cause an imbalance between graphitization and porosity. Herein, a graphitic porous carbon is successfully developed by introducing pre-carbonization to change the KOH activation pathway. It is demonstrated that the introduced pre-carbonization step greatly reduces oxygen content and promotes carbon microcrystals initial growth, which results in the formation of molten KCO rather than C-O-K species.

Atomic-Level Design of Acid-Base Pairs in Oxides for Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Ammonia.

Selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides (NO) with NH (NH-SCR) poses considerable potential in the abatement of NO emissions. However, the efficient adsorption and speedy reaction of reactants following the specific mechanism in a favorable way is still a challenge for enhancing catalysis. Herein, we propose the strategy aimed at adjusting electronic properties of Ce-O-W acid-base pairs through constructing oxygen vacancies on Ce/WO, thereby fostering SCR activity.

DMSO/SOCl Mediated Intramolecular Cyclization/Methylthiolation of Olefinic Amides for the Synthesis of Methylthiolated Heterocycles.

A range of methylthiolated 4-3,1-benzoxazines and iminoisobenzofurans have been successfully synthesized via the intramolecular cyclization/methylthiolation of olefinic amides. DMSO/SOCl was utilized as an efficient reagent system for methylthiolation, facilitating the integration the methylthio group into heterocycles. This method is highlighted by its mild conditions, broad substrate compatibility, and excellent functional group tolerance.

Ultrasensitive, highly stretchable, self-healing and robust quaternized chitosan-based conductive hydrogel for wearable sensors.

Conductive hydrogels are widely used in electronic skin and wearable sensors. Their inherent self-adhesion, exceptional sensitivity, and remarkable toughness guarantee the consistent and reliable operation of flexible motion sensors. However, creating chitosan-based conductive hydrogels with all these properties remains challenging.

Hippocampal O-GlcNAc homeostasis sustains memory reconsolidation amidst stress hormone exposure.

Memory is not always reliable, inherently malleable. The malleability enables organisms to adapt their behavior based on future predictions, increasing survival odds. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has emerged as a modulator of memory, notwithstanding, its impact on memory malleability remains to be comprehensively elucidated.

Effect of rapamycin nanoparticles in an animal model of primary biliary cholangitis.

Background: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune-mediated cholestatic liver disease. Nanoparticles encapsulating rapamycin (ImmTOR) suppress adaptive immune responses and induce the hepatic tolerogenic immune response.

Aim: To investigate the effects of ImmTOR in PBC mouse models.

Extended exergy accounting of agricultural resources in China's four provinces of mountains and rivers.

The agricultural sector in China has to balance resource investment, environmental emissions and yields to satisfy the high dietary demands of the population. In this study, extended exergy accounting (EEA) was conducted to analyse the usefulness of resources invested in agriculture and the yields of strategic importance to China in Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong and Henan (four provinces of mountains and rivers) in 2017 from a thermodynamics perspective. The fluxes resources of energy, materials, environmental emissions, labour, capital and yields were measured in joules.

Mechanical behavior and energy absorption capability of trigonometric function curved rod cell-based lattice structures under compressive loading.

Traditional body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice metamaterials exhibit structural deficiencies including geometric discontinuity at cell connections and pronounced stress concentration at nodal regions, which restrict further enhancement of mechanical performance. This study proposes a novel lattice design methodology utilizing trigonometric function-modulated strut axes, yielding three novel trigonometric function curved rod cell-based lattice structures (TCRC, SCRC, and CCRC). By integrating fillet transition technology to achieve stress redistribution optimization, these configurations were systematically upgraded to TCRC-ipv, SCRC-ipv, and CCRC-ipv variants with enhanced structural performance.

Low temperature growth (001) facet-oriented p-type FAPbI perovskite solar cells.

Various atomic arrangements and coordination of facets significantly influence the photoelectric properties of perovskites. When preparing FAPbI with a (001) crystal facet, the presence of other crystal facets such as (011) or (111) can adversely affect the carrier extraction efficiency and device stability. In this study, the desired (001) orientations of FAPbI are greatly promoted without the presence of other crystal planes attributed to the formation of 2D PEAFAPbI.

[Analysis of Carbon Neutrality and Economic and Ecological Indices in the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains].

The productivity of terrestrial ecosystems is crucial for regional ecological security and global carbon cycling. Exploring the spatiotemporal changes of carbon sinks and their ecological value provides insights for the government to formulate measures to reduce carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality. Based on the calculation of net primary productivity （NPP） for the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains from 2000 to 2021 to estimate carbon absorption and fitting night-time light data to calculate carbon emissions， along with the use of carbon dioxide diffusion coefficients， the spatiotemporal characteristics of carbon neutrality and the spatial range of carbon sequestration services were analyzed.

[Anthropogenic Source Emission Inventory of VOCs Components in Cangzhou and Their Ozone Formation Potential].

Accurate emission inventories are essential for effective ozone pollution control in urban areas. Cangzhou has been frequently plagued by volatile organic compounds （VOCs） pollution along with its rapid economic development and urbanization in recent years. In this study， a high spatial resolution VOCs emission inventory for Cangzhou was established for the year 2021 using source-specific emission factors and the latest activity data from different sources.