Amplification-free detection of genetically modified crops via spatial confinement CHA/HCR-aided surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy.

To distinguish genetically modified (GM) crops, we developed a target RNA amplification-free surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) biosensor for the CaMV35S promoter RNA in GM crops by integrating enzyme-free, spatial confinement catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and hybridization chain reaction (HCR). A magnetic-plasmonic composite probe modified with the first sequence of CHA was first fabricated. A small amount of target RNA can activate it to initiate the CHA, and the CHA efficacy benefits from the spatial confinement effect provided by the composite probe.

Smartphone-Integrated Fluorescent Sensing Array Assembled from Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks for Rapid Identification and Differentiation of Antibiotics in Daily Foods.

The excessive use of antibiotics in human healthcare and animal farming presents significant risks to ecosystems and human well-being, prompting the development of diverse detection technologies. Fluorescence sensing arrays have garnered considerable attention due to their cost-effectiveness and ability to detect multiple targets. This work presents a lanthanide metal-organic framework ([Tb(H(m-dobdc))(HO)(DMF)]), named CUST-900.

Signatures of magnetism in zigzag graphene nanoribbons embedded in a hexagonal boron nitride lattice.

Zigzag edges of graphene are predicted to host magnetic electronic states, critical for spintronics, but an experimental confirmation of these magnetic conduction channels remains elusive. Here we report the signatures of magnetism in zigzag graphene nanoribbons (zGNRs) embedded in hexagonal boron nitride. Hexagonal boron nitride provides crucial edge stabilization, enabling the direct probing of this intrinsic magnetism.

Switched Supercontinuum Coherent Radiation and Coherent Raman Comb by Four-Wave Mixing and Cross-Pumping from Stimulated Raman Scattering in Binary Liquid Mixtures.

A scheme of switching supercontinuum coherent radiation and a coherent Raman comb is proposed, based on stimulated Raman scattering (SRS)-induced four-wave mixing (FWM) and the cross-pumping effect in cyclohexane (CH)/carbon tetrachloride (CCl) mixtures. CH exhibits two SRS peaks (ν and ν), attributed to the symmetric and antisymmetric stretching of -CH, respectively. Supercontinuum coherent radiation via FWM between the second-order Stokes SRS (ω) of ν and the sum frequency (ω) of ν and ν is generated at a volume ratio of 3:7, which contains 13 peaks with a frequency interval of approximately 85 cm, spanning a radiation bandwidth from 4850 to 5897 cm.

Multigas TDLAS Detection Based on Variational Mode Decomposition: Frequency Division, Filtering and Interference Noise Removal.

Multicomponent gas detection is crucial for industrial and environmental monitoring. In systems based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), conventional filters with fixed parameters and wide transition bands are unable to effectively separate frequency-adjacent signals or suppress interference fringes, which significantly limits system performance. To address these challenges, we propose the twin-variational mode decomposition demodulation (T-VMD-D) algorithm.

Heterologous expression of the M. abscessus CBASS system confers phage TM4 resistance in M. smegmatis.

Phage therapy for multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium abscessus is constrained by the narrow lytic spectrum of phages due to unknown antiphage mechanisms. Bacteria deploy various defense strategies to prevent phage infection, but few have been comprehensively characterized in mycobacteria. Mycobacteriophage TM4 successfully delivers DNA into M.

Boosting thermoelectric performance of ferroelectric monolayer α-InSe strongly enhanced phonon scattering induced by site-specific Te doping.

The thermoelectric properties of ferroelectric monolayer α-InSe with site-specific Te doping are systematically investigated using first-principles calculations and on-the-fly machine-learning-assisted phonon transport simulations. Te substitution at different atomic layers leads to a substantial reduction in lattice thermal conductivity, primarily due to enhanced phonon scattering induced by mass contrast and local structural asymmetry. The electronic transport characteristics, including band dispersion, carrier effective mass, and Seebeck coefficient, remain largely unaffected, ensuring preserved power factor.

Recognition of the impact of mycelium extract on ethanol-damaged gastric epithelial cells using atomic force microscopy.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to measure live cells. Changes in the biomechanical properties of a single cell under mycelium extract () treatment play a critical role in drug efficacy evaluation and drug development, but they remain underexplored. In this study, ethanol-damaged human gastric mucosal cells (GES-1) treated with were examined through AFM to investigate the physical changes.

Exploring Molecular Structure Influence on Effective Conjugate Length of Carotenoids.

The functions of carotenoids, including light collection, protection, antioxidation and anticancer activities, are closely related to their molecular structures. The conjugated systems confer notable electronic and photoelectricity properties. We employed UV-vis and Raman spectroscopies to characterize the conjugation of five carotenoids.

Three-Dimensional Environment Mapping with a Rotary-Driven Lidar in Real Time.

Three-dimensional environment reconstruction refers to the creation of mathematical models of three-dimensional objects suitable for computer representation and processing. This paper proposes a novel 3D environment reconstruction approach that addresses the field-of-view limitations commonly faced by LiDAR-based systems. A rotary-driven LiDAR mechanism is designed to enable uniform and seamless full-field-of-view scanning, thereby overcoming blind spots in traditional setups.

Text-Guided Visual Representation Optimization for Sensor-Acquired Video Temporal Grounding.

Video temporal grounding (VTG) aims to localize a semantically relevant temporal segment within an untrimmed video based on a natural language query. The task continues to face challenges arising from cross-modal semantic misalignment, which is largely attributed to redundant visual content in sensor-acquired video streams, linguistic ambiguity, and discrepancies in modality-specific representations. Most existing approaches rely on intra-modal feature modeling, processing video and text independently throughout the representation learning stage.

Orthogonally polarized dual-wavelength Sm:YAP orange laser with the balanced output power.

A diode-pumped continuous-wave (CW) orthogonally polarized dual-wavelength (OPDW) Sm: YAlO (Sm: YAP) orange laser with the balanced output power (i.e. equal power for both wavelengths) on G→ H transition was studied for the first time.

Self-supervised disc and cup segmentation via non-local deformable convolution and adaptive transformer.

Optic disc and cup segmentation is a crucial subfield of computer vision, playing a pivotal role in automated pathological image analysis. It enables precise, efficient, and automated diagnosis of ocular conditions, significantly aiding clinicians in real-world medical applications. However, due to the scarcity of medical segmentation data and the insufficient integration of global contextual information, the segmentation accuracy remains suboptimal.

Modulating Energy and Hole Transfer in InP/ZnS-Rh640 Hybrid Assemblies for Color Conversion and Performance Enhancement of Light-Emitting Diodes.

Directing the flow of energy and the transfer of holes that are produced in quantum dots (QDs)-dyes hybrid assemblies is crucial for color-conversion and high-performance light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, a tunable light color of LEDs from green to orange to warm white was achieved, which was attributed to the changes in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), hole transfer (HT) and cascade FRET processes. Using a combination of steady-state and transient-absorption experiments, the FRET and HT interactions in the InP/ZnS-Rh640 hybrid assemblies exhibit a competitive relationship.

The Mo-14Re alloy, a promising candidate material for bioresorbable vascular scaffolds.

Zinc‑, iron‑, and magnesium‑based biodegradable metals suffer inherent limitations as bioresorbable scaffold materials, including inappropriate degradation rates and insufficient mechanical strength. Pure molybdenum (Mo) has been proposed as an alternative, but its clinical application is hampered by brittleness and potential nephrotoxicity. A Mo alloy was engineered to address these challenges.

Phthalate reduction as a mediator linking probiotic or yogurt consumption to reduced depressive Symptoms: Evidence from NHANES 2005-2018.

Background: Depression may be influenced by environmental factors, including phthalate exposure as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Gut microbiota may modulate phthalate toxicity, and probiotics have been shown to alleviate depressive symptoms; however, their interrelationship remains unclear.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 7999 participants from the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Multi-stream feature fusion of vision transformer and CNN for precise epileptic seizure detection from EEG signals.

Background: Automated seizure detection based on scalp electroencephalography (EEG) can significantly accelerate the epilepsy diagnosis process. However, most existing deep learning-based epilepsy detection methods are deficient in mining the local features and global time series dependence of EEG signals, limiting the performance enhancement of the models in seizure detection.

Methods: Our study proposes an epilepsy detection model, CMFViT, based on a Multi-Stream Feature Fusion (MSFF) strategy that fuses a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with a Vision Transformer (ViT).

DPRM: DeBERTa-based potential relationship multi-headed self-attention joint extraction model.

Traditional entity-relationship joint extraction models are typically designed to address generic domain data, which limits their effectiveness when applied to domain-specific applications such as manufacturing. This study presents the DeBERTa-based Potential Relationship Multi-Headed Self-Attention Joint Extraction Model (DPRM), which has been specifically designed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of entity-relationship extraction in manufacturing knowledge graphs. The model is comprised of three core components: a semantic representation module, a relationship extraction and entity recognition module, and a global entity pairing module.

Dual-Functional Viologen-Based Metal-Organic Framework for Thermochromic and Fluorescence Detection of Fe, CrO, and Tetracycline.

The development of dual-functional viologen-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) combining thermochromic properties with fluorescence sensing capabilities remains a significant challenge in materials science. This study addresses this gap by designing a novel viologen-incorporated MOF for simultaneous thermochromic behavior and multianalyte detection. We synthesized a viologen-based MOF (CUST-851) through solvothermal assembly of Cd(II) ions with 1,1-bis(4-carboxylbenzyl)-4,4-bipyridine dichloride (HbpybcCl) and 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (1,4-ndc).

Interlayer Confinement Strategy in Two-Dimensional Polyoxometalate-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhancing Proton Conduction.

Proton exchange membranes are crucial components in electrochemical energy devices. Nevertheless, the development of high-performance proton-conducting materials remains a considerable challenge, primarily due to the inherent difficulty in constructing dense and continuous hydrogen-bonding networks under ambient conditions. To overcome this limitation, the intentional incorporation of short hydrogen bonds has been applied as a critical design strategy and plays a critical role in enabling efficient proton transport.

Multifunctional Janus-like nano-fibrous film enables time resolved anti-counterfeiting encryption and UV monitoring.

In the realm of information security, time-resolved photo-switchable fluorescent materials hold promise for new-generation multi-level information encryption, yet how to develop these materials with high performance remains formidable challenges. In this study, the photochromic-fluorescent [(spirooxazine) SO/Polystyrene (PS)]//[4, 4"-Bis[2-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,1'-biphenyl (CBS-127)/PS] Janus-like nano-fibre is devised and facilely fabricated via a side-by-side electro-spinning. This unusual Janus-like structure overcomes two fundamental limitations: (1) the adverse effects of competition between the SO and CBS-127 for ultraviolet light absorption on the overall performance of the material, thus achieving superior multifunctionality; (2) the puzzle of molecular isomerization being hindered by molecular stacking in SO solid state.

Carboxylate-Directed Self-Assembly of [MoO] Units for Enhanced Proton Conduction.

Three new polyoxomolybdate-based complexes functionalized with organic carboxylic acid ligands were synthesized and structurally characterized: Na[CNH][(MoO)(MoO)(HCO)(HO)]·2HO (complex ); [CNH][(MoO)(MoO)(HCO)] (complex ); and [CNH][(MoO)(HCO)]·2HO (complex ). Complexes - were obtained via condensation reactions between the organic carboxylic acid ligands and the [MoO(HO)] precursor. Each complex features [MoO(HO)] cores, organic carboxylate moieties, and protonated guanidiniums ([CNH]) as structural components.

Impact of biomarkers on carotid artery disease and stroke.

Stroke poses a significant public health challenge, especially in China, where geographical disparities in incidence rates suggest environmental, genetic, and lifestyle influences on stroke risk. Traditional diagnostic methods, while effective, have limitations that can hinder timely treatment. This study investigated the clinical significance and diagnostic utility of the biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), osteopontin (OPN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (LOX1) in relation to atherosclerosis and stroke, aiming to enhance early diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Effect of Tetraethylammonium Chloride on the Electrical Characteristics of Cardiomyocytes Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy.

In this paper, the effect of tetraethylammonium chloride (TEAC) on the electrical characteristics of cardiomyocytes was studied by an atomic force microscope (AFM). The average membrane potential (MP) of cardiomyocytes in the untreated group was 16.35 ± 2.

Measurement Techniques for Highly Dynamic and Weak Space Targets Using Event Cameras.

Star sensors, as the most precise attitude measurement devices currently available, play a crucial role in spacecraft attitude estimation. However, traditional frame-based cameras tend to suffer from target blur and loss under high-dynamic maneuvers, which severely limit the applicability of conventional star sensors in complex space environments. In contrast, event cameras-drawing inspiration from biological vision-can capture brightness changes at ultrahigh speeds and output a series of asynchronous events, thereby demonstrating enormous potential for space detection applications.