Efficient Fully-Solution-Processed Inverted Red Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Enabled by Charge-Exciton Regulation.

Inverted quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) show great promise for next-generation displays due to their compatibility with integrated circuit architectures. However, their development has been hindered by inefficient exciton utilization and charge transport imbalance. Here, we present a strategy for regulating charge-exciton dynamics through the rational design of a multifunctional hole transport layer (HTL), incorporating polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) as a protective interlayer in fully-solution-processed inverted red QLEDs.

Hydrogen Bond Disruption-Induced Ion Rearrangement in Acetonitrile-Water-Sodium Sulfate Solutions.

Understanding hydrogen bonding and ion-specific interactions in water, sodium sulfate (NaSO), and acetonitrile (ACN) systems remains challenging due to their complex, dynamic nature. Here, Raman spectroscopy is employed to probe hydrogen bonding networks and ion reorganization in NaSO aqueous solutions with different ACN concentrations. The results indicate that, at low ACN concentrations in the ternary solutions, hydrogen bonding between ACN and water molecules disrupts the original hydration structure of the ions, resulting in the formation of small ion clusters via electrostatic interactions.

An ultrasensitive biosensor for H1N1 virus coupled with 3D spherical DNA nanostructure and CRISPR-Cas12a.

To achieve ultrasensitive and real-time detection of the H1N1 influenza virus, this study designed a nucleic acid-free fluorescent biosensor based on 3D spherical DNA nanostructure and CRISPR/Cas12a (3D-SDNC). The biosensor constructs a rigid 3D nano-framework via self-assembly of six oligonucleotide chains, with H1N1-specific nucleic acid aptamers and Cas12a activator strands strategically positioned at multi-spined vertices for precise spatial coupling between viral recognition and signal transduction. Upon aptamer-virus binding, the induced conformational change liberates the activator strand, thereby activating the trans-cleavage activity of the Cas12a/crRNA complex to efficiently cleave the HEX/BHQ1 double-labeled fluorescent probe and initiate cascade signal amplification.

Ideal strength and emergent superconductivity in a three-dimensional sp-carbon network cT16.

The design of carbon allotropes that simultaneously exhibit mechanical robustness and quantum functionalities remains a longstanding challenge. Here, we report a comprehensive first-principles study of cT16, a three-dimensional sp-hybridized carbon network with topologically interlinked graphene-like sheets. The structure features high ideal tensile and shear strengths, with pronounced anisotropy arising from strain-induced bond rehybridization and interlayer slipping mechanisms.

A sorghum seed variety identification method based on image-hyperspectral fusion and an improved deep residual convolutional network.

Introduction: Sorghum is an important food and feed crop. Identifying sorghum seed varieties is crucial for ensuring seed quality, improving planting efficiency, and promoting sustainable agricultural development.

Methods: This study proposes a high-precision classification method based on the fusion of RGB images and hyperspectral data, using an improved deep residual convolutional neural network.

Controlling Er multiphoton upconversion by synergistically regulating energy transfer and cross-relaxation for optical anti-counterfeiting.

The synergistic effect of various ions with optical properties is an important method to regulate the Er ion upconversion luminescence process. However, the energy processes between them are complicated and difficult to separate, and it is challenging to clarify the results of each process when multiple ions are co-doped. Herein, a series of NaYF:Er were synthesized by the low-temperature combustion method, and the luminescence color of Er ions was modulated by doping Yb ions and Tm ions.

H5N1 influenza virus-like particles based on BEVS induce robust functional antibodies and immune responses.

Avian influenza virus infections pose a potential pandemic threat. The currently licensed vaccines have inherent limitations, emphasizing the urgent need for improved influenza vaccines. Here, we developed a novel hemagglutinin (HA) virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine candidate through the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS).

Amorphous Lithium Iron Phosphate Glass-Driven Regeneration of Spent LiCoO Cathodes: Synergistic Structural Effects and Enhanced Electrochemical Performance.

Amidst global sustainability imperatives, this study pioneers a solid-state regeneration strategy that transforms spent LiCoO (LCO) cathodes into high-performance materials via amorphous lithium iron phosphate glass (LFPg)-driven structural reconfiguration. Unlike conventional recycling that decomposes cathodes, our approach leverages LFPg's defect-rich framework, high ionic conductivity, and dynamic interfacial activity to directly reconstruct degraded LCO crystals. The LFPg acts as a multifunctional repair agent: creating Li diffusion channels through disorder engineering, eliminating oxygen vacancies via atomic oxygen transfer, scavenging impurities (e.

Novel RANSAC-based method for detecting and estimating externally attached marker spheres in craniomaxillofacial CT images.

Background: The precision of image-physical space registration using spherical markers in craniomaxillofacial surgical navigation significantly depends on the accurate estimation of spherical parameters from computed tomography (CT) images. However, this estimation is susceptible to the abnormal points caused by artifacts, instruments interference, and other factors. To address these challenges, this study proposes a robust method to improve reproducibility in results and achieve higher accuracy on low inlier ratio data, thereby meeting the requirements of high-precision surgical applications.

Long-Term In Situ Treatment of Arthritis with Injectable Biocompatible Organogel Activation.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease, severely impairs joint function and mobility, causing pain, stiffness, and joint deformity. As an active ingredient of ancient herbs and a widely studied polyphenol flavonoid glycoside, quercetin has a historical use in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. However, its low oral bioavailability and potential carcinogenic effects limit its systemic use.

Molecular machines for transmembrane ion transport.

In nature, cellular metabolism in organisms depends on the spatial compartments of ions, small molecules and macromolecules. Substance transport between spatial compartments is performed by natural membrane proteins such as ion channels and ion pumps. These biological machines play an important role in various physiological functions by precisely mediating transmembrane transport processes.

[Brain midline segmentation method based on prior knowledge and path optimization].

To address the challenges faced by current brain midline segmentation techniques, such as insufficient accuracy and poor segmentation continuity, this paper proposes a deep learning network model based on a two-stage framework. On the first stage of the model, prior knowledge of the feature consistency of adjacent brain midline slices under normal and pathological conditions is utilized. Associated midline slices are selected through slice similarity analysis, and a novel feature weighting strategy is adopted to collaboratively fuse the overall change characteristics and spatial information of these associated slices, thereby enhancing the feature representation of the brain midline in the intracranial region.

Incorporation of Cu within the ligand cavities of porphyrin-based MOFs for enhanced nonlinear optical performance.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) constructed with porphyrins as organic ligands have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. Developing innovative synthetic strategies and structural designs to improve the NLO response of porphyrin-based MOFs has become a prominent research area. In this paper, HTCPP MOF and CuTCPP MOF were synthesized by hydrothermal method with Co as metal node, and HTCPP and CuTCPP as ligands, respectively.

Construction of hollow few-layer MXene nanosheets@Ni-Fe layered double hydroxide microrods for enhanced electrochemical sensing.

Herein, a novel synthetic method is proposed to obtain hollow few-layer TiCT nanosheets@Ni-Fe layered double hydroxide microrods (TiCT@NiFe-LDH), which includes the coating process of MIL-88A microrods by two-dimensional TiCT nanosheets, the pre-adsorption process of 2-methylimidazole on the surfaces of MIL-88A@TiCT microrods, and the co-precipitation process of Ni and Fe with the interlayer of fumaric acid anions, resulting in the unique material structure of TiCT@NiFe-LDH. More importantly, hollow microrods composed of TiCT and NiFe-LDH nanosheets show the structural advantages, which are responsible for the high-performance behaviors towards the non-enzymatic detection of glucose, leading to 0.5-115.

Novel Greylag Goose Optimization Algorithm with Evolutionary Game Theory (EGGO).

In this paper, an Enhanced Greylag Goose Optimization Algorithm (EGGO) based on evolutionary game theory is presented to address the limitations of the traditional Greylag Goose Optimization Algorithm (GGO) in global search ability and convergence speed. By incorporating dynamic strategy adjustment from evolutionary game theory, EGGO improves global search efficiency and convergence speed. Furthermore, EGGO employs dynamic grouping, random mutation, and local search enhancement to boost efficiency and robustness.

Ferrocene-functionalized indium-oxo cluster nanozyme for the detection of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid.

Nanozymes are a class of nanomaterials with intrinsic enzyme-like properties, which overcome the limitations of natural enzymes, such as poor stability, high cost, and difficulty in storage, thus achieving rapid development. Herein, the enzyme-like activity of ferrocene-functionalized indium-oxo cluster (TPP)[InFcDCA(µ-O)(µ-OCH)(Cl)], named [InFc], was analyzed. The obtained [InFc] cluster has good peroxidase-like activity, which can catalyze the reaction of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), o-phenylenediamine (OPD), and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) with HO.

Atomic-Scale Interface Engineering via Ultrasonic-Electrochemical Hybrid Polishing: Achieving Damage-Free NiTi Bipolar Plates with Ultra-Low Contact Resistance for Hydrogen Fuel Cells.

Hydrogen fuel cell bipolar plates demand surfaces with an atomically smooth morphology and stable electrochemical interfaces to minimize contact resistance and corrosion degradation. While nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys offer inherent advantages for this role, their practical deployment is hindered by persistent surface defects (e.g.

Principal component conditional generative adversarial networks for imbalanced ECG classification enhancement.

With over a century of development, electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnostics has become the preferred tool for healthcare professionals in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and monitoring. As wearable devices and mobile monitoring technologies become widespread, ECG data are trending toward diversity and long-term collection, making traditional manual annotation methods inadequate for massive data analysis demands. This research addresses core challenges in ECG signal classification-extremely imbalanced data, significant individual physiological differences, and difficulties in long sequence fitting-by proposing a Principal Component Analysis-based Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (PCA-CGAN).

MCPD-YOLOv3: A Novel Lightweight Detection Model for Surgical Instruments in Laparoscopic Images.

Background: Laparoscopic surgical instruments detection is necessary in computer-aided minimally invasive surgery. Most current methods suffer from unsatisfied performance and low detection speed.

Methods: In this paper, a framework called MCPD-YOLOv3 is proposed to balance the efficiency and effectiveness of laparoscopic surgical instruments detection.

Bifunctional Electrolyte Additives Modified Zinc Anode and Cathode.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have garnered significant attention due to their high safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. However, the performance of the zinc anode is considerably compromised by hydrogen evolution, corrosion, and structural degradation of the cathode. This article provides a detailed discussion of a mixture comprising ZnSO, Zn(OTf), and NHCl as electrolytes in zinc-ion batteries.

M-ReDet: A mamba-based method for remote sensing ship object detection and fine-grained recognition.

Ship object detection and fine-grained recognition of remote sensing images are hot topics in remote sensing image processing, with applications in fishing vessel operation command, merchant ship navigation route planning, and other fields. In order to improve the detection accuracy for different types of remote sensing ship objects, this paper proposes a ship object perception and feature refinement method based on the improved ReDet, called Mamba-ReDet (M-ReDet). First, this paper designs a ship object fine-grained feature extraction backbone (Mamba-ReResNet, M-ReResNet), which selects and reconstructs the unique features of different types of ship objects through the Mamba's selective memory to improve the algorithm's ability to extract fine-grained features.

Research on the heat transfer characteristics of evaporator tubes in micro turbine engines based on biomimetic parallel leaf vein structure.

This article focuses on optimizing the evaporation and atomization performance of the evaporator tube in the combustion chamber of a microturbine engine, and examines its impact on engine thrust. Given that the evaporator tube design is crucial for enhancing combustion efficiency as a key component of the combustion chamber, this study introduces an innovative evaporator tube structure that incorporates biomimetic design principles through theoretical exploration. The proposed structure adds specifically sized grooves to the inner wall of traditional evaporation tubes to improve the evaporation and atomization processes of fuel droplets.

Design of a low-power gradient amplifier for benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer.

Benchtop Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (BNMR) technology has gained increasing attention in chemical and pharmaceutical applications due to its compact configuration and operational flexibility. However, the implementation of conventional commercial gradient amplifiers in BNMR systems remains challenging because of their excessive power consumption and bulky dimensions. To address these limitations, this study presents a novel gradient amplifier design optimized for BNMR applications, characterized by a satisfactory linearity in 0-2.