Bromine-Functionalized Covalent Organic Frameworks Enhancing the Desorption Efficiency and Enabling Preconcentration of Brominated Pollutants for Mass Spectrometry Detection.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) exhibit exceptional adsorption capacity but suffer from challenging desorption. In this study, a bromine-functionalized magnetic COF composite (FeO@COF-Br) was synthesized via bromodimethylsulfonium bromide-mediated bromination of imine-linked COF on FeO nanospheres (FeO@COF), where the COF framework was constructed by 1,3,5-tris(4-formylphenyl)benzene and 2,6-diamino-3,5-diethynylpyridine. Compared with pristine FeO@COF, FeO@COF-Br enhanced desorption efficiencies for brominated contaminants by about 30% while maintaining adsorption capacity.

Rational Design of a Deep-Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Crystal.

Rational structural design of inorganic materials remains a significant challenge in materials science, particularly for deep-ultraviolet (DUV) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals. Herein, a new DUV-transparent NLO borate, CsSrBO (CSBO), has been successfully predicted and synthesized by the cation regulation from CsKY(BO) (CKYBO). The structural stability of CSBO was confirmed by first-principles phonon vibration calculations, and it was eventually synthesized via a high-temperature solid-state reaction.

Clinical significance of androgen receptor in unilateral invasive breast cancer in women.

Objective: To assess the prognostic relevance of androgen receptor (AR) expression in patients following modified radical surgery for invasive breast cancer.

Methods: A cohort of 515 patients who underwent modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer from July 2016 to November 2017 was analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was employed to determine the expression levels of AR, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), cell proliferation nuclear antigen (Ki-67), oncogene (P-53), cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6), topoisomerase-2 (TOPO-2), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

Cure Kinetics-Driven Compression Molding of CFRP for Fast and Low-Cost Manufacturing.

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are widely used in aerospace due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio and tailorable properties. However, these properties critically depend on the CFRP curing cycle. The commonly adopted manufacturer-recommended curing cycle (MRCC), designed to accommodate the most conservative conditions, involves prolonged curing times and high energy consumption.

Development and validation of full-field simulation imaging technology for star sensors under hypersonic aero-optical effects.

Hypersonic vehicles equipped with star sensors operating in near-space environments experience aero-optical effects caused by the surrounding high-temperature and high-pressure flow fields. These effects significantly degrade the sensor's imaging capability, damage image quality, and lead to failures in attitude determination calculations. To investigate the impact of aero-optical effects on the imaging and detection performance of star sensors on hypersonic platforms, this paper first proposes a simulation technique for aero-optical effects on full-field star sensor imaging and analyzes the detection capability of the star sensor in the visible spectrum under flight conditions ranging from 6 to 16 Ma.

The role of melatonin in enhancing antioxidant capacity and mitigating high light-induced damage in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Exposure to high light (HL) induces oxidative stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii), leading to the accumulation of secondary metabolites while reducing biomass production. This study investigated how melatonin (MT) modulates growth and metabolite production in C.

Measurement Techniques for Highly Dynamic and Weak Space Targets Using Event Cameras.

Star sensors, as the most precise attitude measurement devices currently available, play a crucial role in spacecraft attitude estimation. However, traditional frame-based cameras tend to suffer from target blur and loss under high-dynamic maneuvers, which severely limit the applicability of conventional star sensors in complex space environments. In contrast, event cameras-drawing inspiration from biological vision-can capture brightness changes at ultrahigh speeds and output a series of asynchronous events, thereby demonstrating enormous potential for space detection applications.

Influence of Flow Field on the Imaging Quality of Star Sensors for Hypersonic Vehicles in near Space.

When hypersonic vehicles fly in near space, the flow field near the optical window leads to light displacement, jitter, blurring, and energy attenuation of the star sensor. This ultimately affects the imaging quality and navigation accuracy. In order to investigate the impact of aerodynamic optical effects on imaging, the fourth-order Runge-Kutta and the fourth-order Adams-Bashforth-Moulton (ABM) predictor-corrector methods are used for ray tracing on the density data.

Precise detection of local relaxation of amorphous polymers at low temperatures O diffusion probed by a dual-luminescent imide compound.

Local relaxation (LR) of six types of amorphous polymers was precisely monitored at low temperatures (<160 K) using the intensity ratio of phosphorescence (PH) to fluorescence of a dual-luminescent imide compound as a probe for oxygen (O) diffusion. The PH of the imide compound dispersed in the polymer matrices was quenched by O, and the temperature-dependent variation of the PH intensity indicates that the γ-relaxation of the polymer matrix plays a crucial role in O diffusion. This method offers a novel analytical tool for detecting LR phenomena in amorphous polymers at low temperatures.

Exploring the medical ethical limitations of GPT-4 in clinical decision-making scenarios: a pilot survey.

Background: This study aims to conduct an examination of GPT-4's tendencies when confronted with ethical dilemmas, as well as to ascertain their ethical limitations within clinical decision-makings.

Methods: Ethical dilemmas were synthesized and organized into 10 different scenarios. To assess the responses of GPT-4 to these dilemmas, a series of iterative and constrained prompting methods were employed.

Roles and functions of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and tertiary lymphoid structures in gastric cancer progression.

Gastric cancer (GC), a leading cause of cancer mortality, exhibits profound molecular heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) features that limit therapeutic efficacy. This review elucidates the dual roles of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in GC progression. TLS, ectopic lymphoid organs formed under chronic inflammation, correlate with improved survival and immunotherapy sensitivity by fostering effector T/B cell interactions and antigen presentation.

Seamless finer-resolution soil moisture from the synergistic merging of the FengYun-3 satellite series.

In the last years, more satellites with microwave imagers have been launched, making more observations available to obtain soil moisture estimates globally. China's endeavour has resulted in the launch of the FengYun (FY) passive microwave observations (FY-3B, C, D) capable of filling in global soil moisture data gaps. In this study, we develop a merged soil moisture dataset at a spatial resolution of 0.

Pilot test study on a new physical treatment method for the electric desalting wastewater.

Electric desalting wastewater (EDW) is one of the petrochemical wastewater generated in the production process of petrochemical industry, due to the instability of its water quality, the traditional wastewater treatment technology is complex, high energy consumption, and will produce waste causing secondary pollution, posing challenges in terms of environmental protection, technology, and economy. This study utilized an on-site test to investigate the possibility of a new short-process physical method to replace traditional electro-chemical, oil-separation, and two-stage air floating physical chemistry processes, in response to optimizing the treatment effect, thus reducing the cost of treatment and carbon emissions. Following this test, this new short-flow physical method process could improve the efficiency of oil and suspend solid (SS) removal by 15.

Enhanced lipid production in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Impact of salt stress synergized with α-lipoic acid.

The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain is a widely used model for studying algal lipid metabolism. This research investigated the effects of exogenous α-lipoic acid (ALA) on growth and lipid accumulation under salt stress. After 7-day ALA treatment, the biomass (0.

Attofarad-Class Ultra-High-Capacitance Resolution Capacitive Readout Circuits.

In order to meet the application requirements for high-precision and low-noise accelerometers in micro-vibration measurement and navigation fields, this paper presents the design and testing of an ultra-high-capacitance resolution capacitive readout circuit with attofarad-level precision. First, a differential charge amplifier circuit is employed for the first stage of capacitance detection. To suppress noise interference in the circuit, a frequency-domain modulation technique is utilized to mitigate low-frequency noise.

Improved RRT*-Connect Manipulator Path Planning in a Multi-Obstacle Narrow Environment.

This paper proposes an improved RRT*-Connect algorithm (IRRT*-Connect) for robotic arm path planning in narrow environments with multiple obstacles. A heuristic sampling strategy is adopted with the integration of the ellipsoidal subset sampling and goal-biased sampling strategies, which can continuously compress the sampling space to enhance the sampling efficiency. During the node expansion process, an adaptive step-size method is introduced to dynamically adjust the step size based on the obstacle information, while a node rejection strategy is used to accelerate the search process so as to generate a near-optimal collision-free path.

Machine learning-based characterization of stemness features and construction of a stemness subtype classifier for bladder cancer.

Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a highly heterogeneous disease that presents challenges in predicting prognosis and treatment response. Cancer stem cells are key drivers of tumor development, progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance. The features and prognostic significance of stemness in bladder cancer need further investigation.

Novel Laser-Assisted Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (Laser-Assisted ESI-MS): A Sensitive Method for Determining Tetrabromobisphenol A and Its Derivative.

Efficient ionization is essential for sensitive mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Herein, a novel laser-assisted electrospray ionization (laser-assisted ESI) source was developed to efficiently ionize low-polar and thermal unstable compounds. By irradiating the electrospray nozzle with a simple and low-cost laser probe (450 nm, 500 mW), the sample droplets were stimulated with a laser beam as well as the high voltage of the electrospray, which significantly enhanced the ionization efficiency.

Effect of Annealing Time on Corrosion Behaviours of ZrCuNiAlNb in Hank Solution.

The microstructures of the as-cast and annealed ZrCuNiAlNb were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), their microhardness values were tested, and their corrosion behaviours in Hank solution were studied. XRD results and SEM analysis showed that the as-cast sample was amorphous, and crystallisation occurred in the samples annealed at 923 K for 5-30 min with crystals of ZrCu and ZrNi. Microhardness gradually increased and then levelled off, due to higher crystallisation degree with longer annealing time.

Pilot study on a physical process for treating petrochemical wastewater.

Petrochemical wastewater is one of the main wastewater types at petrochemical refineries and possesses high oil and suspended solid (SS) contents and exhibits high chemical oxygen demands (COD). Moreover, the petrochemical wastewater concentration fluctuates considerably. Because of their time-consuming processes, high energy and chemical consumptions, and production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hazardous waste scum, traditional petrochemical sewage treatments, such as gravity sedimentation, electrochemical demulsification, and two-stage air flotation, are becoming unable to satisfy the demands for the green and efficient treatment of petrochemical sewage.

A Promising Deep Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Crystal Activated by the Ordered Structure Design.

Deep-ultraviolet nonlinear optical (DUV NLO) crystals play a vitally important role in many scientific and technological fields, yet their rational design remains an ongoing challenge. Here, through utilizing the ordered structure design, a new KBeBOF-like DUV transparent NLO crystal CsKY(BO) has been successfully designed and synthesized, in which we first use the largest π-conjugated BO functional groups to substitute the BO to maximize the second-harmonic generation (SHG) response and utilize the K/YO connecting groups to replace two BeOF groups to optimize the layer connections. Eventually, CsKY(BO) exhibits not only the largest SHG responses in KBeBOF-like DUV borates but also the best growth rate along c axis (the strong layer-habit along c axis has been being the greatest obstacle to prohibit the practical application of KBeBOF and its derivative).

Exploring the capabilities of GenAI for oral cancer consultations in remote consultations : Author.

Background: Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has demonstrated potential in remote consultations, yet its capacity to comprehend oral cancer has not yet been fully evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy, reliability and validity of GenAI in addressing questions related to remote consultations for oral cancer.

Methods: A search was conducted on telemedicine platforms in China, summarizing patients' inquiries regarding oral cancer.

Atomic Ru Species Driven SnO-Based Sensor for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of HS in the ppb-Level.

Timely and accurate detection of HS is crucial for preventing serious health issues in both humans and livestock upon exposure. However, metal-oxide-based HS sensors often suffer from mediocre sensitivity, poor selectivity, or long response/recovery time. Here, an atomic Ru species-driven SnO-based sensor is fabricated to realize highly sensitive and selective detection of HS at the parts per billion level as low as 100 ppb.

Optical, Dielectric, and Thermal Properties of Bio-Based Polyimides Derived from An Isosorbide-Containing Diamine.

The need for functional polymers derived from plant-based materials has increased from a carbon-neutral perspective. Herein, six different semialicyclic isosorbide-containing diamine-based polyimides (ISSD-PIs) are synthesized by incorporating isosorbide (ISS), which is a D-glucose derivative, into the diamine moiety to investigate the relationship between the chemical structure and optical, thermal, and dielectric properties. Compared with the conventional fully aromatic PIs, such as Kapton, the as-prepared ISSD-PIs demonstrate excellent optical transparency, low refractive indices (1.

ASO Author Reflections: The Effects of Perioperative Corticosteroids on Postoperative Complications After Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Debated Topic of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is a complex surgery with high morbidity and mortality, often associated with complications like post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH) and postoperative pancreatic fistulas (POPF). The corticosteroids administered intraoperatively has been shown to improve postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing surgery. However, their impact on complications following PD remains controversial.