Neonatal microbiome dysbiosis decoded by mNGS: from mechanistic insights to precision interventions.

The neonatal period is a critical stage for microbial colonization and immune system development, with dynamic changes in the microbiome closely linked to the pathogenesis of various diseases. Traditional microbiological testing methods have low sensitivity and time-consuming limitations compared to metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), which makes it difficult to meet the diagnostic and therapeutic needs of critically ill neonates. mNGS analyzes the total DNA in a sample without bias, allowing comprehensive identification of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, and resolution of functional genes, providing new avenues for precision diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as neonatal sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, neonatal pneumonia, neonatal meningitis, neonatal jaundice, and other diseases.

High-throughput discrimination of chlorogenic acid isomers in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos by U-shaped mobility analyzer-mass spectrometer.

Chlorogenic acids (CGAs), bioactive polyphenols with structural similarities and labile characteristics, pose analytical challenges for isomer differentiation. This study introduces a rapid U-shaped mobility analyzer-mass spectrometry (UMA-MS) method for high-resolution characterization of 13 CGAs, including five isomeric groups. The technique achieved complete separation within 2 s, with a total analysis time of 2 min per sample.

Cyclometallated Ir(III) complexes exhibit antitumor activity through angiogenesis inhibition.

Targeting angiogenesis remains a pivotal therapeutic approach in cancer treatment, aiming to impede tumor growth and metastasis. In this study, three novel cyclometallated Ir(III) complexes (Ir1, Ir2, and Ir3) were synthesized and systematically assessed for their in vitro cytotoxic effects across a range of cancer cell lines. Mechanistic studies revealed that these complexes are internalized by MCF-7 cells via energy-dependent pathways and predominantly accumulate within lysosomes or the endoplasmic reticulum.

Interfacial stability and strain-modulated electronic properties in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (110) heterostructures: A first-principles study.

Perovskite oxide interfaces exhibit functional properties that are absent in their bulk counterparts. Compared to the well-studied LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (001) interface, the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (110) interface remains relatively unexplored. Here, we investigate the interfacial properties of n-type LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (110) heterostructures, including cleavage energy, two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formation, and the effects of biaxial strain, using first-principles density functional theory calculations.

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals stage-associated molecular profiles in Ophiocordyceps sinensis.

Unlabelled: is globally recognized for its exceptional nutritional and medicinal properties. Variations in the edible qualities and tonic values of at different harvesting stages remain poorly understood in terms of compositional changes and regulatory mechanisms. Utilizing UPLC-MS/MS and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), this study unveiled discrepancies in metabolite accumulation and gene expression of across various harvesting stages.

Untargeted lipidomic deep-profiling of human plasma via high-performance aza-Prilezhaev aziridination-LC-MS: Unraveling CC isomeric signatures of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.

Background: Perturbed lipid metabolism in cellular environment plays an essential role in the progression of peripheral neuropathy, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A). Current deep-profiling of lipidome still has certain limitations for high-throughput analysis of clinical samples, such as low sensitivity, extensive requirement of instrument modification, technician-dependent pretreatment and lack of method-adapted data-processing software.

Results: Herein, a new generation aza-Prilezhaev aziridination (APA) reagent has been designed for coupling with high-resolution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to conduct comprehensive untargeted deep lipidomics of CMT1A disease.

A novel image segmentation network with multi-scale and flow-guided attention for early screening of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN).

Background: Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) is a rare precancerous lesion, and early diagnosis is crucial for preventing its progression to invasive vaginal cancer. However, the subtle differences in morphology and color between VAIN lesions and normal vaginal tissue make the automatic segmentation of VAIN highly challenging. Existing methods struggle to achieve precise segmentation, impacting the efficiency of early screening.

The Association Between Accelerated Biological Aging and the Physical, Psychological, and Cognitive Multimorbidity and Life Expectancy: Cohort Study.

As the global population ages, multimorbidity has become a critical public health issue. We analyzed 332,012 adults from the UK Biobank (2006-2022) to investigate the association between biological age-measured by the Klemera-Doubal method (KDM-BA) and phenotypic age (PhenoAge)-and a new comorbidity model encompassing physical, psychological, and cognitive disorders, with overall mortality outcomes over a median follow-up of 13.6 years.

Endoplasmic Reticulum-Targeting Iridium(III) Complexes Induce Pyroptosis and Enhance Immunogenic Cell Death in MDA-MB-231 Cells.

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized oncology by leveraging host immunity to eliminate malignant cells. In this study, five iridium(III) complexes (-) were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity against various tumor cell lines. Among these, and exhibited the highest cytotoxicity and the most rapid cellular uptake in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Aging with Disabilities: Navigating the Dual Challenge of Aging and Disability in a Rapidly Aging Society with a Focus on China.

China faces the dual challenge of population aging and rising disability rates, creating an "aging-disability overlap" that places unprecedented pressure on the nation's healthcare system. This paper analyzes the complex mechanisms underlying the intersection of aging and disability, revealing that chronic and degenerative diseases are primary contributors to disability among older adults, with disability rates significantly increasing with age and comorbidities. Despite China's implementation of long-term care insurance pilot programs and community-based elderly care services, multiple challenges persist: insufficient financing sustainability, inconsistent assessment standards, regional development imbalances, professional talent shortages, and social-cultural prejudices.

Hierarchical feature-guided prototypical network for few-shot knowledge graph completion.

Few-shot knowledge graph completion (FKGC) aims to predict missing triples for unseen relations by observing several associated reference entity pairs. Current methods address this task by learning relation prototypes from the direct neighborhoods of corresponding reference pairs and then computing the feature similarity between the relation prototype and query triples. However, exploiting only direct neighborhoods of entities may lose some representative entity features, leading to unreliable relation prototypes.

Multiomics Provides a New Understanding of the Effect of Temperature Change on the Fermentation Quality of .

is a medicinal fungus with significant nutritional and utilization value. Temperature is a crucial factor influencing its growth, as temperature changes can impact enzyme activity, metabolite content, and gene expression during fungal cultivation. Currently, there are limited reports on the effects of temperature on the quality of fungal fermentation.

Engineered MAP30ER: A plant toxin-derived platform for EGFR-Targeted delivery of protein and chemotherapeutic payloads.

The nonspecific toxicity of traditional chemotherapeutic agents and the intracellular delivery barriers of protein-based drugs have limited their clinical applications. Efficient targeted delivery properties of toxin proteins themselves provide important insights into the design of novel drug delivery systems. Inspired by the natural targeting properties of the plant-derived type I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIPs) MAP30, we engineered a detoxified carrier, MAP30ER, through site-directed mutagenesis of key enzymatic residues (E158A/R161A).

Association between post-stroke cognitive impairment and gut microbiota in patients with ischemic stroke.

More than half of stroke survivors have post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). The role of gut microbiota, which can communicate with the brain through the gut-brain axis and affect inflammation, has been receiving increased attention. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association of PSCI, gut microbiota, and inflammatory markers.

Integrated Amino Acid Profiling and 4D-DIA Proteomics Reveal Protein Quality Divergence and Metabolic Adaptation in Species.

To explore the differences in protein quality among classic medicinal entomopathogenic fungi and to evaluate their metabolic adaptability, we analyzed the amino acid composition and proteomic characteristics of (CS), (CM), and (CC). Quantitative analysis showed CM contained the highest crude protein and lysine, methionine, threonine, and valine. CS adapted to high-altitude hypoxia and exhibited lower protein but elevated leucine, isoleucine, and histidine contents, which may contribute to membrane stabilization and oxidative stress resistance.

[ recipe for treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency: efficacy, safety and mechanism].

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of (TZZY) recipe for treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and explore the possible mechanisms.

Methods: We used bioinformatics analyses and network pharmacology to identify the main active ingredients in TZZY recipe and their core targets, which were verified by Western blotting. We tested the efficacy and safety of the recipe in 60 POI patients, who were randomized into control group (=30) with Femoston treatment and TZZY group (=30) with additional TZZY recipe treatment for 3 menstrual cycles.

Inhibition of Farnesoid-x-receptor signaling during abdominal sepsis by dysbiosis exacerbates gut barrier dysfunction.

Background And Aims: Bacterial translocation and intestinal dysbiosis due to gut barrier dysfunction are widely recognized as major causes of the initiation and development of intra-abdominal sepsis. Systemic bacterial translocation and hepatic activation of the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (Myd88) can disturb bile acids (BAs) metabolism, further exacerbating intestinal dysbiosis. The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 15/19 are well known to be involved in the control of BAs synthesis and enterohepatic circulation.

Decomposition Analysis of Urban-Rural Disparities in Healthy Life Expectancy Among Older Adults - China, 2010-2020.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: As China's population ages rapidly, there is growing concern about whether increases in life expectancy are accompanied by improvements in healthy longevity for older adults.

What Is Added By This Report?: From 2010 to 2020, healthy life expectancy expanded across different subgroups of the older population. Although urban-rural disparities in healthy life expectancy narrowed, morbidity has emerged as the primary contributor to these gaps, with the age groups driving these differences shifting toward older ages.

Genome assembly and population genomic analysis reveal the genetic basis of popcorn evolution.

Popcorn, one of the world's most popular snack foods, represents the most ancient type of maize domesticated by humans. However, the genetic basis underlying popcorn evolution and kernel-popping traits remains largely unknown. In this study, we assembled a high-quality genome sequence of the popcorn landrace Strawberry Popcorn (SP) and conducted extensive population genomic analyses.

The Effects of Gene Function of Endophytic Fungus OW7.8 on Swainsonine Biosynthesis.

Locoweeds, including and species, are globally recognized as plants containing swainsonine (SW), a neurotoxic alkaloid that induces neurological dysfunction and growth inhibition in livestock. SW is produced by endophytic fungi in plants; the pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) gene is critical in the fungal SW biosynthetic pathway. In this study, a gene knockout mutant (Δ) was constructed from the endophytic fungus OW7.

Three-Dimensional Structural Heteromorphs of Mating-Type Proteins in and the Natural Insect-Fungal Complex.

The MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1 proteins are essential for the sexual reproduction of . Although has been postulated to be the sole anamorph of and to undergo self-fertilization under homothallism or pseudohomothallism, little is known about the three-dimensional (3D) structures of the mating proteins in the natural insect-fungal complex, which is a valuable therapeutic agent in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the alternative splicing and differential occurrence and translation of the and genes have been revealed in , negating the self-fertilization hypothesis but rather suggesting the occurrence of self-sterility under heterothallic or hybrid outcrossing.

Conjugated Iminodibenzyl Dyes Incorporating Phenolic Hydroxyl Group and Strong Electron Donating or Accepting Groups for Facilitating ESIPT and Proton Transfer in Six- or Seven-Membered Cycles.

In this study, a range of conjugated iminodibenzyl derivatives D1-D6 including phenolic group and strong electro donating/accepting groups (N,N-diethylamino/nitro groups) were prepared as the target dyes, which could process internal proton transfer in excited state via six-/seven membered ring transition state (TS). Furthermore, reference iminodibenzyl dyes D7-D12, devoid of the phenolic segment, were synthesized for comparative analysis of their absorption and emission spectral properties. The internal H-bond of the target dyes was analyzed by the H-NMR spectroscopy and ultraviolet/visible absorption spectroscopy.

Nanomaterials-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Therapeutic Applications in Osteoporosis.

The etiology of osteoporosis is rooted in the disruption of the intricate equilibrium between bone formation and bone resorption processes. Nevertheless, the conventional anti-osteoporotic medications and hormonal therapeutic regimens currently employed in clinical practice are associated with a multitude of adverse effects, thereby constraining their overall therapeutic efficacy and potential. Recently, nanomaterials have emerged as a promising alternative due to their minimal side effects, efficient drug delivery, and ability to enhance bone formation, aiding in restoring bone balance.