Preparation of ketonyl -glycosides from designed glycosyl sulfides and styrenes by a radical pathway.

Ketonyl -glycosides, a vital subclass of alkyl -glycosides, play essential roles in drug discovery, biochemistry, and materials sciences. However, a practical strategy that merges bench-stable glycosyl donors with styrenes-a ubiquitous class of synthetic building blocks-remains elusive. Herein, we report a simple and general approach for synthesizing ketonyl -glycosides.

Distribution Patterns and Assembly Mechanisms of Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Communities in Across Altitudinal Gradients.

To investigate the characteristics of rhizosphere soil microbial communities associated with across different altitudinal gradients and to reveal the driving factors of microbial community dynamics, this study collected rhizosphere soil samples at four elevations: 900 m (HB1), 1100 m (HB2), 1300 m (HB3), and 1500 m (HB4). High-throughput sequencing and molecular ecological network analysis were employed to analyze the microbial community composition and species interactions. A null model was applied to elucidate community assembly mechanisms.

Defining region and duration-specific substantial clinical benefit values for the simplified Chinese lower extremity functional scale.

Background: A single substantial clinical benefit (SCB) value for the Simplified Chinese Lower Extremity Functional Scale (SC-LEFS) that can be applied to those with lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries is available. However, unique SCB values defined by specific body region and symptom duration may enhance the precision of the SC-LEFS in clinical assessments.

Methods: This study aim to determine unique SCB values for the SC-LEFS based on symptom duration and body region.

Integrating bulk and single-cell sequencing reveals cellular heterogeneity between lung adenocarcinoma in smokers and never-smokers.

Lung cancer in smokers (LCIS) and lung cancer in never-smokers (LCINS) are different entities with distinct molecular features. However, their cellular heterogeneity still requires further investigation. Through an integrated analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk sequencing data, we identified cell subpopulations associated with smoking and non-smoking patients.

Cohort profile: the West-China hospital alliance longitudinal epidemiology wellness (WHALE) study.

The West-China Hospital Alliance Longitudinal Epidemiology Wellness (WHALE) Study establishes a robust, multidimensional database to provide comprehensive insights into health-to-disease transitions, advancing proactive healthcare and enhancing understanding of the interplay among genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors in disease. The WHALE Study includes a database and a cohort. The WHALE Database, established in 2010, integrates health check-up data from 11 hospitals, covering sociodemographic, lifestyle, medical history, and clinical data.

Prognostic stratification through smoking status and cumulative smoking dose in advanced non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy: a dose-dependent real-world analysis.

Background: The association between smoking status, cumulative smoking dose, and immunotherapy efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. We sought to integrate the lifetime pack-years with smoking cessation status to identify optimal immunotherapy beneficiaries.

Methods: A total of 1,192 immunotherapy-treated NSCLC patients treated between November 2015 and April 2024 were enrolled.

Diagnosis of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer using DNA methylation in tissue and plasma.

DNA methylation is a key epigenetic alteration in tumorigenesis, but its diagnostic value in early-stage lung cancer remains unclear. In this study, tissue and plasma samples from patients with lung cancer or benignity were analyzed. Methylation profiles were obtained using bisulfite sequencing and compared with selected lung cancer-specific markers.

Oroxin A suppresses colorectal tumor growth by regulating the TRIM24-mediated ferroptosis and TSPO pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy, and TRIM24, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a potential target for various cancers. This study found high TRIM24 expression in CRC, correlating with poor prognosis and disease progression. Oroxin A (OA) was identified as a TRIM24 inhibitor, promoting its degradation and inhibiting CRC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration .

Flexible Photovoltaic Neurostimulator for Analgesia.

Chronic neuropathic pain remains a significant clinical challenge, often requiring prolonged opioid use and exposing patients to associated complications. Current nerve electrical stimulation (ES) techniques show promise for analgesia but are constrained by their invasive nature and the potential risk of iatrogenic nerve injury. In this study, a novel approach is introduced to managing chronic pain through the development of a fully implantable, wireless, and self-adaptive photovoltaic neurostimulator (PVNS).

[Retracted] Tumor‑released lncRNA H19 promotes gefitinib resistance via packaging into exosomes in non‑small cell lung cancer.

Following the publication of the above paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that certain of the TEM microscopic data featured in Fig. 3C on p. 3443, the RIP assay data in Fig.

Clinical characteristics of pulmonary sarcoidosis in China: a retrospective, multicenter study.

Background: Patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis or intrathoracic lymph node tuberculosis (TB) may present with comparable clinical manifestations that pose challenges in differentiation. This study aims to improve the diagnostic accuracy of pulmonary sarcoidosis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with pulmonary sarcoidosis or intrathoracic lymph node TB within the past decade at four tertiary hospitals in China was conducted.

Germline mutation analysis and postoperative recurrence risk prediction in breast cancer patients from western China.

Background: Much of our understanding of the germline mutation spectrum derives from hereditary breast cancer data in white populations. Additionally, the influence of genetic variants on breast cancer prognosis remains a topic of debate. Identifying patients at high risk of postoperative recurrence is crucial for guiding clinical decision-making; however, there is currently no reliable multigene risk prediction model tailored to the Chinese population.

An RFH-NPT-based nomogram for predicting the long-term survival of liver cirrhosis patients: a multicenter study.

Background And Aims: The Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT) identifies nutritional risk in patients with liver disease, an important factor in cirrhosis outcomes. Recognizing the gap in existing prognostic models, which often overlook malnutrition, we developed and validated an RFH-NPT-based model for predicting outcomes of patients with cirrhosis.

Methods: This study included inpatients with cirrhosis from a single center between February and July 2016 (training cohort) and patients from six other medical centers admitted between December 2011 and May 2022 (validation cohort).

A granulin-positive macrophage subtype in mycobacterial granulomas alleviates tissue damage by limiting excessive inflammation.

Granulomas play a crucial role in the pathology of tuberculosis, but the immune environment governing their formation remains largely unknown. To explore the dynamic changes in the immune microenvironment during the formation of tuberculous granulomas, we infected adult zebrafish with and then examined uninfected and infected kidneys, as well as large and small granulomas in the kidneys. Using single-cell RNA sequencing technology, we identified two major macrophage subpopulations in the hematopoietic tissue (kidney) of zebrafish under uninfected physiological conditions: monocyte derived and tissue-resident macrophages.

Molecular testing, treatment patterns, and outcomes in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: the PISCES study.

Background: This study investigated molecular testing, treatment patterns, and prognosis in Chinese patients who progressed from first-line (1 L), epidermal growth factor receptor -tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) therapy, highlighting limited real-world data on clinical practice.

Methods: Consecutive eligible patients were prospectively enrolled in 16-centers in China. The primary endpoints were second-line (2 L) treatment patterns and clinical outcomes, including median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) from 2 L treatment.

Medical Thoracoscopy with versus without Prior Artificial Pneumothorax for Patients with Minimal or Absent Pleural Effusion.

Background: Thoracoscopy guidelines recommend inducing artificial pneumothorax before medical thoracoscopy in patients with minimal or absent pleural effusion. Recent single-arm studies have demonstrated that non-artificial pneumothorax approaches reduce operative time and complication rates compared with artificial pneumothorax techniques in these patients. However, there is a lack of trials comparing the effectiveness and safety of performing artificial pneumothorax versus not performing it in these cases.

Impact of early detection and management of emotional distress on length of stay in non-psychiatric inpatients: A retrospective hospital-based cohort study.

Background: While emotional distress, encompassing anxiety and depression, has been associated with negative clinical outcomes, its impact across various clinical departments and general hospitals has been less explored. Previous studies with limited sample sizes have examined the effectiveness of specific treatments (e.g.

Construction and validation of a post-translational modification-related signature to predict the effect of immune therapies in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy of the digestive system. Treatment outcomes and prognosis for GC vary significantly depending on the molecular subtype. Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs), including Ubiquitination, SUMOylation, and NEDDylation, have been implicated in the emergence and progression of GC, though the precise mechanisms remain unclear.

Dynamic balance of the lung microbiome in health and respiratory diseases.

Recent studies have challenged the once prevalent notion that the human lungs are sterile, instead unveiling a dynamic microbial environment that interacts intricately with both the host and external factors. This review describes the distinct microbial compositions between healthy individuals and those with respiratory diseases, as well as discussing the variations in microbial composition across different disease states. We explore the crucial role of the lung microbiome in maintaining respiratory health and describe its implications in various respiratory diseases.

Non-invasive identification of TKI-resistant NSCLC: a multi-model AI approach for predicting EGFR/TP53 co-mutations.

Objectives: To investigate the value of multi-model based on preoperative CT scans in predicting EGFR/TP53 co-mutation status.

Methods: We retrospectively included 2171 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with pre-treatment computed tomography (CT) scans and predicting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene sequencing from West China Hospital between January 2013 and April 2024. The deep-learning model was built for predicting EGFR / tumor protein 53 (TP53) co-occurrence status.

Research progress in early states of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a narrative review on PRISm, pre-COPD, young COPD and mild COPD.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a significant global health burden. This review addresses the critical need for early identification and intervention by investigating the current research landscape in the early stages of the disease.

Areas Covered: This review synthesizes the literature on the definitions, epidemiology, diagnostic approaches, prognosis, and management strategies for early COPD states, including preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), pre-COPD, young COPD, and mild COPD.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-arylisoquinoline derivatives as topoisomerase IIα inhibitors for the therapy of small cell lung cancer.

There is a pressing need to search for efficient therapeutic molecular candidates for the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Here, we designed a series of 3-arylisoquinoline derivatives by introducing either flexible tertiary amino groups or rigid imidazole rings, aiming to enhance anti-SCCL efficay. Among them, compound 52 with a symmetrical dibutylamine side chain demonstrated a remarkable inhibitory potency on Topoismerase II (Topo II).

[Fatigue driving detection based on prefrontal electroencephalogram asymptotic hierarchical fusion network].

Fatigue driving is one of the leading causes of traffic accidents, posing a significant threat to drivers and road safety. Most existing methods focus on studying whole-brain multi-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, which involve a large number of channels, complex data processing, and cumbersome wearable devices. To address this issue, this paper proposes a fatigue detection method based on frontal EEG signals and constructs a fatigue driving detection model using an asymptotic hierarchical fusion network.

ATP6V0A1 protects dopaminergic neurons via the autophagy-lysosomal pathway in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. ATPase H + transporting V0 subunit A1 (ATP6V0A1) is a component of vacuolar H + -ATPase (V-ATPase), an ATP-dependent proton pump. Our previous research identified an association between the ATP6V0A1 rs601999 variant and Parkinson's disease; however, the underlying mechanisms of ATP6V0A1 in Parkinson's disease remain elusive.

Prevalence and prognostic significance of interstitial lung abnormalities in lung cancer: A meta-analysis.

Background: With the increasing popularity of lung cancer screening (LCS), substantial incidental findings in CT have been identified, particularly interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs). ILAs have been reported in several studies on lung cancer. However, the relationship between ILAs and lung cancer has not been comprehensively investigated.