Synthesis of α-CF-Substituted O-Heterocycles via Ligand-Controlled Cycloaddition of ()-β-Trifluoromethylated Enones with π-Allylpalladium 1,4-Dipoles.

Palladium-catalyzed and ligand-controlled cycloaddition of ()-β-trifluoromethylated enones has been described, providing powerful synthetic strategies for two α-CF-substituted O-heterocycles, tetrahydro-2-pyrans and 5-oxaspiro[2.4]heptanes. The readily available substrates bearing various functional groups have shown variable product chemoselectivities.

Clinical characteristics of pulmonary sarcoidosis in China: a retrospective, multicenter study.

Background: Patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis or intrathoracic lymph node tuberculosis (TB) may present with comparable clinical manifestations that pose challenges in differentiation. This study aims to improve the diagnostic accuracy of pulmonary sarcoidosis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with pulmonary sarcoidosis or intrathoracic lymph node TB within the past decade at four tertiary hospitals in China was conducted.

Comparative diagnostic performance and safety of radial endobronchial ultrasound versus its combination with electromagnetic or virtual bronchoscopic navigation for peripheral pulmonary lesions: a retrospective study.

Background: Radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS), virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN), and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) are widely used bronchoscopic techniques for diagnosing peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). However, the applications of their combinations remain unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance and safety of R-EBUS versus its combination with ENB or VBN and lesion characteristics.

CuO-NPs Induce Apoptosis and Functional Impairment in BV2 Cells Through the CSF-1R/PLCγ2/ERK/Nrf2 Pathway.

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) induce neurological diseases, including neurobehavioral defects and neurodegenerative diseases. Direct evidence indicates that CuO-NPs induce inflammation in the central nervous system and cause severe neurotoxicity. However, the mechanism of CuO-NP-induced damage to the nervous system has rarely been studied, and the toxicity of different CuO-NP particle sizes and their copper ion (Cu) precipitation in microglia (BV2 cells) is worth exploring.

Limited effect of antibiotic use on the management of pulmonary ground-glass nodules.

Although pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs) are encountered as common incidental findings, limited evidence exists regarding antibiotic prescriptions in managing GGNs. This study aimed to examine the clinical impact of antibiotics in treating patients presenting with GGNs. This retrospective study was conducted at West China Hospital of Sichuan University, involving 2,609 participants with incidentally detected GGNs between August 10, 2018 and July 22, 2022.

Modeling and optimization of docosahexaenoic acid production by Schizochytrium sp. based on kinetic modeling and genetic algorithm optimized artificial neural network.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an essential ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, is efficiently biosynthesized by Schizochytrium sp., yet its bioprocess optimization remains constrained by dynamic interdependencies between cultivation parameters and metabolic shifts. This study establishes a framework integrating kinetic modeling and machine learning to improve DHA production.

Selenium nanoparticles modified with Ophiocordyceps gracilis polysaccharides: Enhancing stability, bioavailability, and anti-inflammatory efficacy.

Here, a high molecular weight polysaccharide preparation from Ophiocordyceps gracilis was utilized as a stabilizer and dispersant to create nanocomposites based on selenium nanoparticles (GSP-1a-SeNPs). The NPs showed the highest stability at a selenium/polysaccharide mass ratio of 1:1, with no significant change after 28 days of storage at 4 °C. The NPs exhibited a symmetrical spheroid structure with an average diameter of 85.

Medical thoracoscopy combined with intrapleural injection of urokinase for treatment of pleural infection-a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study: study protocol.

Background: Pleural diseases is a common respiratory disorder, mainly characterized as pleural effusion and patients with pleural effusion caused by pneumonia and empyema constituted 29% of the cohort, which suggests pleural infection as the predominant etiology of pleural effusion in China. Medical thoracoscopy (MT) combined with intrapleural injection of Urokinase holds significant therapeutic value for patients with early to moderate-stage empyema. However, there remains a lack of high-quality evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of combining MT with intrapleural injection of Urokinase administration in patients with pleural infections.

Synthetic biology meets Aspergillus: engineering strategies for next-generation organic acid production.

Organic acids constitute a vital category of chemical raw materials. They have extensive applications in industries such as polymers, food, and pharmaceuticals. Currently, industrial production predominantly relies on microbial fermentation.

Validation of risk assessment scores in predicting venous thromboembolism in patients with lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Introduction: Several risk scores have been proposed to predict venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients. However, their predictive performances in lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is unclear. We aimed to validate and compare their performances of the Caprini, Padua and Khorana risk scores in lung cancer patients receiving ICIs.

A patient with AL amyloidosis presenting with refractory tuberculosis, chest tightness and hypotension: case report.

Introduction: Immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis presents a clinical spectrum characterized by diverse manifestations and involvement of multiple organs, posing a significant diagnostic challenge for physicians.

Methods And Results: We present a case of a patient admitted to our hospital due to recurrent cough and sputum, which was initially diagnosed as refractory tuberculosis. Throughout his hospitalization, the patient experienced distressing symptoms, including uncontrollable chest tightness, hypotension, and fever.

Synthesis of -Difluorinated Oxa/Azaspiro[2.4]heptanes via Palladium-Catalyzed Spirocyclopropanation.

A palladium-catalyzed spirocyclopropanation of -difluoroalkenes with π-allylpalladium 1,4-dipoles has been successfully developed, which gives a powerful and straightforward synthetic strategy for the construction of novel -difluorinated spirocyclic compounds, 6,6-difluoro-5-oxa/azaspiro[2.4]heptanes. The scope of -difluoroalkenes can be extended to styrenes, acrylic esters, and acrylamides to realize the installment of various functional groups and different heteroatoms on the spirocyclic skeletons, which could be converted to valuable compounds with potential biological activity.

Chest ultrasound is better than CT in identifying septated effusion of patients with pleural disease.

Septated pleural effusion is very common. The presence of septations in pleural effusion determines the local treatment strategy for such patients. Therefore, there is a pressing need for imaging techniques to assess the presence of septations.

Sweet syndrome induced by FLT3 inhibitors: case report and literature review.

Background: Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, also commonly referred to as Sweet syndrome, is often associated with tumors, infections, immune disorders and medications. FLT3 inhibitor-induced Sweet syndrome is a rare complication.

Methods And Results: We report a patient with relapsed and refractory acute monocytic leukemia harboring high-frequency FLT3-ITD and DNMT3a mutations.

Lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis of the increase in eicosapentaenoic acid under cobalamin deficiency of Schizochytrium sp.

Schizochytrium sp. is a heterotrophic microorganism capable of accumulating polyunsaturated fatty acids and has achieved industrial production of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). It also has the potential for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) production.

Individual, family and social-related factors of eating behavior among Chinese children with overweight or obesity from the perspective of family system.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to examine the factors contributing to the development of eating behavior in overweight and obese children from the perspective of the family system.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted by using convenience sampling method to select 388 participants in two primary schools in Jiangsu, China. Individual, family and social-related factors were collected.

Effect of inactivated vaccine boosters against severe and critical COVID-19 during the Omicron BA.5 wave: A retrospective analysis of hospitalized patients in China.

Few real-world analyses of the ability of vaccines to protect against severe COVID-19 have been published. In this real-world study, we compared the prevalence of severe or critical COVID-19 between patients at our hospital who were not vaccinated against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or who had been vaccinated partial, full, or booster course with the CoronaVac, containing inactivated virus propagated in Vero cells. Data from electronic health records were retrospectively analyzed for 4090 inpatients with COVID-19 who were treated at West China Hospital, Chengdu between December 6, 2022 and February 14, 2023.

The value of performance status in predicting venous thromboembolism in lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Introduction: The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is notably high in lung cancer patients, particularly among those treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Previous studies have focused on the relationship between Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) and VTE risk in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, but available evidence is inconsistent.

Methods: The clinical data of lung cancer patients treated with ICIs were collected and analyzed from West China Hospital between January 2018 and March 2022.

Application of ultrasound-guided medical thoracoscopy in patients with small amounts or without pleural effusion.

Background: Pleural disease is a common clinical condition, and some patients present with a small amount of pleural effusion or no pleural effusion. It is difficult to diagnose such patients in clinical practice. Medical thoracoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of pleural effusion with unknown origin, and guidelines recommend that pneumothorax should be induced in such patients before medical thoracoscopy examination.

The enhanced emotional negativity bias in parents of atypically developing children: Evidence from an event-related potentials study.

Parents of atypically developing children such as parents of children with ASD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and intellectual disability experience higher levels of parenting stress than parents of typically developing children. However, whether they possess enhanced emotional negativity bias was unclear. In the present study, 28 parents of typically developing children and 29 parents of atypically developing children were recruited.

Joint application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing and histopathological examination for the diagnosis of pulmonary infectious disease.

The diagnosis of some pulmonary infectious diseases and their pathogens is very difficult. A more precise diagnosis of pulmonary infectious diseases can help clinicians use proper antibiotics as well as reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria. In this study, we performed both mNGS and pathology on lung puncture biopsy tissue from patients and found that combined mNGS and histopathology testing was significantly more effective than histopathology testing alone in detecting infectious diseases and identifying infectious diseases.

PM triggers autophagic degradation of Caveolin-1 via endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) to enhance the TGF-β1/Smad3 axis promoting pulmonary fibrosis.

Air pollution is highly associated with respiratory diseases. However, the influence and mechanism of particulate matter with aerodynamic equal to or less than 2.5 μm (PM) in lung homeostasis remain unclear.

A Neutral Polysaccharide from Spores of Regulates Oxidative Stress via NRF2/FNIP1 Pathway.

() is a parasitic fungus used in traditional Chinese medicine and functional foods. In this study, a neutral heteropolysaccharide (GSP-1a) was isolated from spores of , and its structure and antioxidant capacities were investigated. GSP-1a was found to have a molecular weight of 72.