Evidence for Semantic Communication in Alarm Calls of Wild Sichuan Snub-Nosed Monkeys.

The alarm calls of non-human primates help us to understand the evolution of animal vocal communication and the origin of human language. However, as there is a lack of research on alarm calls in primates living in multilevel societies, we studied these calls in wild Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys. By means of playback experiments, we analyzed whether call receivers understood the meaning of the alarm calls, making appropriate behavioral responses.

Monolayer MnPS Nanosheet Integration for Extended Exciton Diffusion and Charge Transport in High-Performance Thickness-Insensitive Organic Photovoltaics.

Industrial-scale roll-to-roll processing of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) requires photoactive layers ≥300 nm for manufacturability and mechanical robustness, yet state-of-the-art high-efficiency systems remain confined to 80-120 nm due to intrinsic exciton diffusion and charge transport limitations. To resolve this fundamental thickness-efficiency trade-off, monolayer MnPS nanosheet (1-2 nm) via liquid-phase exfoliation are engineered to extend exciton diffusion lengths and out-of-plane charge mobility, as validated through multimodal characterization. The optimized PM6:Y6:MnPS system achieves record efficiencies of 19.

Efficacy, Quality of Life, and Cost-Effectiveness of Superselective Adrenal Arterial Embolization in Idiopathic Hyperaldosteronism: A Comparative Study.

Idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) is the most common subtype of primary aldosteronism, typically managed with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs). However, long-term MRA therapy is associated with suboptimal cardiovascular outcomes and adverse effects. Superselective adrenal arterial embolization (SAAE) is a novel minimally invasive alternative, but its long-term efficacy, particularly regarding quality of life and cost-effectiveness, remains underexplored.

Natural killer cell as a potential predictive biomarker for early immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated cardiovascular adverse events: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Peripheral immune cells can predict responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, but their relationship with early ICI-associated cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) is unclear. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of peripheral immune cells in early ICI-associated CVAEs.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to explore immune cell changes associated with ICI-associated CVAEs.

Development and validation of prediction models for special subtype of primary aldosteronism: patients with negative adrenal CT imaging.

Objective: Current subtype diagnosis of primary aldosteronism relies on adrenal venous sampling and imaging, each with inherent limitations. Lesional adrenal glands with negative CT Imaging is a distinct subtype of primary aldosteronism that has been less frequently studied. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a machine learning and AI model for distinguishing adrenals with transversely negative lesions from normal adrenals Primary Aldosteronism.

Tilt Sensors Induced by Liquid Metal Dynamic Motion in a Switchgrass-Molded Anisotropic Microcone: Materials, Sensors, and Equipment.

Owing to the requirement for precise measurement of angular displacement across various industries, the development of tilt sensors has garnered significant attention in both academia and industry. Nevertheless, most current tilt sensors face challenges, such as mechanical friction and wear, complex structures, and high manufacturing costs. Here, a novel tilt sensor was designed by encapsulating based on Ga-based liquid metal in a nature-inspired capillary tube with an anisotropic microcone array.

Expert consensus on a multidisciplinary approach for the management of multiple myeloma-related bone disease.

This consensus on multiple myeloma-related bone diseases (MBDs) underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach that encompasses hematology, radiology, orthopedics, and additional specialties to tackle its intricate challenges. MBD, a prevalent and debilitating complication of multiple myeloma, leads to bone pain, fractures, and skeletal-related events (SREs), which profoundly impact patients' quality of life. The guidelines offer a thorough framework for diagnosis, treatment, and continual assessment, emphasizing early detection and consistent monitoring using imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Superselective Adrenal Artery Embolization as a Novel Alternative Treatment for Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas: A Case of Refractory Hypertension With Concomitant Autonomous Cortisol Secretion.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is characterized by an overproduction of aldosterone, leading to hypertension and hypokalemia. Although surgery is an effective treatment for unilateral PA, some patients may be unwilling or unable to undergo this invasive procedure. This case report presents a 51-year-old female patient with refractory hypertension, diagnosed with right-sided hypersecretion of aldosterone and concomitant with autonomous cortisol secretion.

Ultrastable Copper Carboxylate Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Direct synthesis of acid-base-stable copper carboxylate metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is of great significance but faces substantial challenges. Herein, a nanoenvelope strategy was proposed to protect the copper paddle-wheel cluster in the assembly between Cu(II) and 4,4',4″,4‴-(1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrayl)tetrakis-benzoic acid (HTBAPy) through AB stacking. This structure unexpectedly restricted the access of water to the Cu-O bonds, creating one of the most stable MOFs in water (240 days, RT) as well as in acid and base solutions (pH from 0 to 13).

Effectiveness of the Flipped Classroom on Medical Undergraduates' Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training in Large Class Through Self-Efficacy: A Randomized Quasi-Experimental Study.

Purpose: The Flipped Classroom (FC) is a promising method of learning, particularly in medical education. Studies show that FC improves student engagement, achievement, and satisfaction. However, its effectiveness in larger classroom settings remains debated.

Dimethylmonothioarsenate Is a Key Arsenic Species Driving Rice Straighthead Disease.

Dimethylmonothioarsenate (DMMTA) is a methylated thioarsenate species that was recently found to be present in paddy soil and rice grain. Despite its high cytotoxicity in mammalian cells, the impact of DMMTA on rice plants is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the toxicity of DMMTA to rice plants during both the vegetative and reproductive stages.

Construction of MXene-Based Heterostructured Hybrid Separators for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

The advancement of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries has been hindered by the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and sluggish redox kinetics. The engineering of functional hybrid separators is a relatively simple and effective coping strategy. Layered transition-metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, a class of emerging two-dimensional materials termed MXenes, have gained popularity as catalytic materials for Li-S batteries due to their metallic conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, and terminal groups.

Synthesis of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles from elemental sulfur three-component cyclization under metal-free conditions.

In this work, we demonstrate the synthesis of a variety of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-thiadiazoles in 28-85% yields three-component cyclization of 2-methylquinolines, arylhydrazides, and S powder under metal-free conditions. This approach stands out due to its broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, additive-free nature, base-free nature, easy operation, and simple reaction system. This work offers a simple, concise, and convenient pathway for the assembly of a variety of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles, which is complementary to previous methods.

Tailorable Energy Absorption During Quasi-Static Crush via Additively Manufactured Honeycomb.

Honeycomb materials are being used for energy absorption applications in aerospace and automotive industries due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. In this work, additively manufactured honeycombs with different inscribed diameters were tested in quasi-static compression on a servo-hydraulic material test system to determine how the geometry affects the energy absorption properties. Samples were made from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene in order to study the performance of brittle honeycomb structures in energy absorption applications.

The Associations Between Gallstone Disease and Pan-Cancer Incidence Risk Based on Over 13 Million Participants.

Background: Increasing evidence connects gallstone disease (GSD) to all types of cancer incidence; however, the results were inconsistent. The present study aimed to evaluate whether and to what extent these associations exist comprehensively.

Methods: We systematically searched published longitudinal studies indexed in PubMed and Embase database from dates of inception to March 31, 2020.

E2F8-induced GRPEL2 promoted colorectal cancer progression via targeting TIGAR.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause for cancer mortality across the world. GRPEL2 is a critical regulator of mitochondria's function with an oncogenic role in different kinds of cancer. The exact function of GRPEL2 -driven mitochondrial regulation and CRC progression have not been elucidated.

Risk of Gallstones Increases with Multiple Dimensions of Obesity Indexes: A Prospective Study Based on the UK Biobank.

Introduction: Numerous cohort studies have consistently shown a significant link between obesity and an increased risk of gallstones. However, body mass index (BMI) alone may not fully capture the complexity of obesity. This study aimed to analyze the associations between different obesity indexes and the incidence of gallstones, using a competing risk model.

Association between lipoprotein(a) and atherosclerosis with different diabetic status: a cross-sectional study in a Chinese population.

Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels and diabetic status have been recognized as risk factors for atherosclerosis. However, no studies on atherosclerosis have integrated these two indicators. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between Lp(a) levels, diabetic status, and their combined effects on subclinical atherosclerosis.

Cd248a regulates pericyte development and viability in zebrafish.

CD248 is a pericyte marker during embryonic and tumor neovascularization. Although its expression pattern and function in mammalian pericytes have been extensively studied, its role in zebrafish pericytes remains largely unexplored. In this study, we identify that among the two zebrafish orthologs of human CD248, cd248a, rather than cd248b, is predominantly expressed in pericytes during embryonic development.

Verification of Pain-Related Neuromodulation Mechanisms of Calcitonin in Knee Osteoarthritis.

Chronic pain represents the prevailing symptom among patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis (KOA). In KOA, peripheral sensitization is driven by disruptions in subchondral bone homeostasis, local inflammatory responses, and variations in neuropeptide and neurotransmitter levels. Calcitonin, a pivotal peptide involved in bone metabolism, additionally exhibits potent analgesic properties.

Electron Microscopy Reveals Inhomogeneous Adsorption of Iodine and Concurrent Defect Formation in a Metal-Organic Framework.

Adsorption behaviors are typically examined through adsorption isotherms, which measure the average adsorption amount as a function of partial pressure or time. However, this method is incapable of identifying inhomogeneities across the adsorbent, which may occur in the presence of strong intermolecular interactions of the adsorbate. In this study, we visualize the adsorption of molecular iodine (I) in the metal-organic framework material MFM-300(Sc) using high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM).

Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for the assessment of therapeutic outcomes following superselective adrenal arterial embolization in patients with primary aldosteronism.

Background: Superselective adrenal artery embolization (SAAE) represents a novel therapeutic strategy for managing primary aldosteronism (PA). Currently, the evaluation of its efficacy is primarily restricted to clinical indicators, with a notable deficiency in imaging evaluation methodologies. In recent years, several studies have investigated the application of Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for the classification of PA.

Causal associations between dietary factors with head and neck cancer: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Although an association exists between dietary habits and head and neck cancer (HNC), the direct cause-and-effect connection remains elusive. Our objective was to investigate the causal associations between dietary factors and the likelihood of developing HNC.

Methods: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for dietary habits were screened from the UK Biobank, the OncoArray Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer consortium, and the FinnGen biobank for HNC.

A Novel Fault Diagnosis Method Using FCEEMD-Based Multi-Complexity Low-Dimensional Features and Directed Acyclic Graph LSTSVM.

Rolling bearings, as critical components of rotating machinery, significantly influence equipment reliability and operational efficiency. Accurate fault diagnosis is therefore crucial for maintaining industrial production safety and continuity. This paper presents a new fault diagnosis method based on FCEEMD multi-complexity low-dimensional features and directed acyclic graph LSTSVM.

WTAP Regulates SOX1 Expression to Affect the Tumorigenicity of Colorectal Cancer via an mA-YTHDF2-Dependent Manner.

Background: Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP) plays a critical role in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the biological function and molecular mechanisms of WTAP in CRC remain to be elucidated.

Methods: We determined the expression of WTAP and its correlation with unfavorable prognosis of CRC using RNA-seq and the UALCAN dataset.